Substituted aryl cycloalkanol derivatives and methods of their use

ABSTRACT

The present invention is directed to substituted aryl cycloalkanoyl derivatives, compositions containing these derivatives, and methods of their use for the prevention and treatment of conditions ameliorated by monoamine reuptake including, inter alia, vasomotor symptoms (VMS), sexual dysfunction, gastrointestinal and genitourinary disorders, chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromylagia syndrome, nervous system disorders, and combinations thereof, particularly those conditions selected from the group consisting of major depressive disorder, vasomotor symptoms, stress and urge urinary incontinence, fibromyalgia, pain, diabetic neuropathy, and combinations thereof.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Application Ser. No.60/510,943 filed Oct. 14, 2003, Ser. No. 60/561,301 filed Apr. 12, 2004,and Ser. No. 60/569,996 filed May 11, 2004, the entire disclosures ofwhich are herein incorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to substituted aryl cycloalkanoylderivatives, compositions containing these derivatives, and methods oftheir use for the prevention and treatment of conditions ameliorated bymonoamine reuptake including, inter alia, vasomotor symptoms (VMS),sexual dysfunction, gastrointestinal and genitourinary disorders,chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromylagia syndrome, nervous systemdisorders, and combinations thereof, particularly those conditionsselected from the group consisting of major depressive disorder,vasomotor symptoms, stress and urge urinary incontinence, fibromyalgia,pain, diabetic neuropathy, and combinations thereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Vasomotor symptoms (VMS), referred to as hot flushes and night sweats,are the most common symptoms associated with menopause, occurring in 60%to 80% of all women following natural or surgically-induced menopause.VMS are likely to be an adaptive response of the central nervous system(CNS) to declining sex steroids. To date, the most effective therapiesfor VMS are hormone-based treatments, including estrogens and/or someprogestins. Hormonal treatments are very effective at alleviating VMS,but they are not appropriate for all women. It is well recognized thatVMS are caused by fluctuations of sex steroid levels and can bedisruptive and disabling in both males and females. A hot flush can lastup to thirty minutes and vary in their frequency from several times aweek to multiple occurrences per day. The patient experiences a hotflash as a sudden feeling of heat that spreads quickly from the face tothe chest and back and then over the rest of the body. It is usuallyaccompanied by outbreaks of profuse sweating. It may sometimes occurseveral times an hour, and it often occurs at night. Hot flushes andoutbreaks of sweats occurring during the night can cause sleepdeprivation. Psychological and emotional symptoms observed, such asnervousness, fatigue, irritability, insomnia, depression, memory loss,headache, anxiety, nervousness or inability to concentrate areconsidered to be caused by the sleep deprivation following hot flush andnight sweats (Kramer et al., In: Murphy et al., 3^(rd) Int'l Symposiumon Recent Advances in Urological Cancer Diagnosis andTreatment-Proceedings, Paris, France: SCI: 3-7 (1992)).

Hot flushes may be even more severe in women treated for breast cancerfor several reasons: 1) many survivors of breast cancer are giventamoxifen, the most prevalent side effect of which is hot flush, 2) manywomen treated for breast cancer undergo premature menopause fromchemotherapy, 3) women with a history of breast cancer have generallybeen denied estrogen therapy because of concerns about potentialrecurrence of breast cancer (Loprinzi, et al., Lancet, 2000, 356(9247):2059-2063).

Men also experience hot flushes following steroid hormone (androgen)withdrawal. This is true in cases of age-associated androgen decline(Katovich, et al., Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology &Medicine, 1990, 193(2): 129-35) as well as in extreme cases of hormonedeprivation associated with treatments for prostate cancer (Berendsen,et al., European Journal of Pharmacology, 2001, 419(1): 47-54. As manyas one-third of these patients will experience persistent and frequentsymptoms severe enough to cause significant discomfort andinconvenience.

The precise mechanism of these symptoms is unknown but generally isthought to represent disturbances to normal homeostatic mechanismscontrolling thermoregulation and vasomotor activity (Kronenberg et al.,“Thermoregulatory Physiology of Menopausal Hot Flashes: A Review,” Can.J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 1987, 65:1312-1324).

The fact that estrogen treatment (e.g. estrogen replacement therapy)relieves the symptoms establishes the link between these symptoms and anestrogen deficiency. For example, the menopausal stage of life isassociated with a wide range of other acute symptoms as described aboveand these symptoms are generally estrogen responsive.

It has been suggested that estrogens may stimulate the activity of boththe norepinephrine (NE) and/or serotonin (5-HT) systems (J. Pharmacology& Experimental Therapeutics, 1986, 236(3) 646-652). It is hypothesizedthat estrogens modulate NE and 5-HT levels providing homeostasis in thethermoregulatory center of the hypothalamus. The descending pathwaysfrom the hypothalamus via brainstem/spinal cord and the adrenals to theskin are involved in maintaining normal skin temperature. The action ofNE and 5-HT reuptake inhibitors is known to impinge on both the CNS andperipheral nervous system (PNS). The pathophysiology of VMS is mediatedby both central and peripheral mechanisms and, therefore, the interplaybetween the CNS and PNS may account for the efficacy of dual actingSRI/NRIs in the treatment of thermoregulatory dysfunction. In fact, thephysiological aspects and the CNS/PNS involvement in VMS may account forthe lower doses proposed to treat VMS (Loprinzi, et al. Lancet, 2000,356:2059-2063; Stearns et al., JAMA, 2003, 289:2827-2834) compared todoses used to treat the behavioral aspects of depression. The interplayof the CNS/PNS in the pathophysiology of VMS and the presented datawithin this document were used to support the claims that thenorepinephrine system could be targeted to treat VMS.

Although VMS are most commonly treated by hormone therapy (orally,transdermally, or via an implant), some patients cannot tolerateestrogen treatment (Berendsen, Maturitas, 2000, 36(3): 155-164, Fink etal., Nature, 1996, 383(6598): 306). In addition, hormone replacementtherapy is usually not recommended for women or men with or at risk forhormonally sensitive cancers (e.g. breast or prostate cancer). Thus,non-hormonal therapies (e.g. fluoxetine, paroxetine [SRIs] andclonidine) are being evaluated clinically. WO9944601 discloses a methodfor decreasing hot flushes in a human female by administeringfluoxetine. Other options have been studied for the treatment of hotflashes, including steroids, alpha-adrenergic agonists, andbeta-blockers, with varying degree of success (Waldinger et al.,Maturitas, 2000, 36(3): 165-168).

It has been reported that α₂-adrenergic receptors play a role inthermoregulatory dysfunctions (Freedman et al., Fertility & Sterility,2000, 74(1): 20-3). These receptors are located both pre- andpost-synaptically and mediate an inhibitory role in the central andperipheral nervous system. There are four distinct subtypes of theadrenergic_(α2) receptors, i.e., are α_(2A), α_(2B), α_(2c) and α_(2D)(Mackinnon et al., TIPS, 1994, 15: 119; French, Pharmacol. Ther., 1995,68: 175). It has been reported that a non-select α₂-adrenoceptorantagonist, yohimbine, induces a flush and an α₂-adrenergic receptoragonist, clonidine, alleviates the yohimbine effect (Katovich, et al.,Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology & Medicine, 1990,193(2): 129-35, Freedman et al., Fertility & Sterility, 2000, 74(1):20-3). Clonidine has been used to treat hot flush. However, using suchtreatment is associated with a number of undesired side effects causedby high doses necessary to abate hot flash described herein and known inthe related arts.

Given the complex multifaceted nature of thermoregulation and theinterplay between the CNS and PNS in maintaining thermoregulatoryhomeostasis, multiple therapies and approaches can be developed totarget vasomotor symptoms. The present invention focuses on novelcompounds and compositions containing these compounds directed to theseand other important uses.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to substituted aryl cycloalkanoylderivatives, compositions containing these derivatives, and methods oftheir use for the prevention and treatment of conditions ameliorated bymonoamine reuptake including, inter alia, vasomotor symptoms (VMS),sexual dysfunction, gastrointestinal and genitourinary disorders,chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromylagia syndrome, nervous systemdisorders, and combinations thereof, particularly those conditionsselected from the group consisting of major depressive disorder,vasomotor symptoms, stress and urge urinary incontinence, fibromyalgia,pain, diabetic neuropathy, and combinations thereof.

In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to compounds offormula I:

-   -   or a pharmaceutical salt thereof;    -   wherein:    -   W is H or OR⁹;    -   R¹ is phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzyloxy, phenoxy,        naphthyloxy, phenylethoxy, phenoxyethoxy, naphthylmethoxy,        naphthylethoxy, phenylcarbonylamino, phenylaminocarbonyl,        trifluoromethoxy, nitrile, alkenyl, alkynyl, sulfonyl,        sulfonamido, alkanoyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, or        amino;    -   where said phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzyloxy, phenoxy,        naphthyloxy, phenylethoxy, phenoxyethoxy, naphthylmethoxy,        naphthylethoxy, phenylcarbonylamino, and phenylaminocarbonyl are        optionally substituted with one or more R²;    -   R² is H, or one or two substituents, the same or different        selected from OH, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, trifluoromethyl,        alkanoyloxy, methylenedioxy, trifluoromethoxy, nitrile, nitro,        alkenyl, alkynyl, sulfonyl, or sulfonamido;    -   R⁵ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl, or trifluoromethyl;    -   R⁶ and R⁷ are, independently, (C₁-C₆)alkyl or (C₃-C₆)cycloalkyl;    -   or R⁶ and R⁷ can together form a ring of 4 to 8 carbon atoms;    -   where any carbon atom of said R⁶ and R⁷ may be optionally        replaced with N, S, or O;    -   where R⁶ and R⁷ may be optionally substituted with R⁵ or OH;    -   where R⁶ and R⁷ can form a ring with 4 to 8 carbons fused onto a        cycloalkyl ring of 4 to 6 carbon atoms;    -   R⁸ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl, hydroxy(C₁-C₆)alkyl, benzyl (optionally        substituted with benzyloxy or phenyloxy), naphthylmethyl        (optionally substituted with one or more R¹), phenyl(C₂-C₆)alkyl        (optionally substituted with one or more R¹), heteroarylmethyl        (optionally substituted with R¹), cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl,        cycloalkylmethyl (where any carbon atom can be optionally        replaced with N, S, or O and where said cycloalkylmethyl can be        optionally substituted with OH, CF₃, halo, alkoxy, alkyl,        benzyloxy, or alkanoyloxy), cycloalkenylmethyl (where any carbon        atom can be optionally replaced with N, S, or O and where said        cycloalkylmethyl can be optionally substituted with OH, CF₃,        halo, alkoxy, alkyl, benzyloxy, or alkanoyloxy);    -   or R⁵ and R⁸, together with the nitrogen atom to which R⁸ is        attached, form a ring optionally substituted with R⁵;    -   R⁹ is H, (C₁-C₄)alkyl, or (C₁-C₄)alkyl-C(═O);    -   t is 1, 2, or 3; and    -   x is 0, 1, or 2.

In yet other embodiments, the present invention is directed tocompositions, comprising:

-   a. at least one compound of formula I; and-   b. at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to methods fortreating or preventing a condition ameliorated by monoamine reuptake ina subject in need thereof, comprising the step of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of a compound        of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The conditions ameliorated by monoamine reuptake include those selectedfrom the group consisting of vasomotor symptoms, sexual dysfunction,gastrointestinal and genitourinary disorders, chronic fatigue syndrome,fibromylagia syndrome, nervous system disorders, and combinationsthereof, particularly those conditions selected from the groupconsisting of major depressive disorder, vasomotor symptoms, stress andurge urinary incontinence, fibromyalgia, pain, diabetic neuropathy, andcombinations thereof.

In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to methods fortreating or preventing vasomotor symptoms in a subject in need thereof,comprising the step of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of at least        one compound of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt        thereof.

In yet another embodiment, the present invention is directed to methodsfor treating or preventing a depression disorder in a subject in needthereof, comprising the step of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of at least        one compound of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt        thereof.

In yet other embodiments, the present invention is directed to methodsfor treating or preventing sexual dysfunction in a subject in needthereof, comprising the step of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of at least        one compound of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt        thereof.

In further embodiments, the present invention is directed to methods fortreating or preventing pain in a subject in need thereof, comprising thestep of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of at least        one compound of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt        thereof.

In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to methods fortreating or preventing gastrointestinal or genitourinary disorder,particularly stress incontinence or urge urinary incontinence, in asubject in need thereof, comprising the step of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of a compound        of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to methods fortreating or preventing chronic fatigue syndrome in a subject in needthereof, comprising the step of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of a compound        of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to methods fortreating or preventing fibromylagia syndrome in a subject in needthereof, comprising the step of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of a compound        of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention can be more fully understood from the following detaileddescription and the accompanying drawings that form a part of thisapplication.

FIG. 1 is an overview of estrogen action on norepinephrine/serotoninmediated thermoregulation.

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the interactions ofnorepinephrine and serotonin and their respective receptors (5-HT_(2a),α₁ and α₂-adrenergic).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to substituted aryl cycloalkanoylderivatives, compositions containing these derivatives, and methods oftheir use for the prevention and treatment of conditions ameliorated bymonoamine reuptake including, inter alia, vasomotor symptoms (VMS),sexual dysfunction, gastrointestinal and genitourinary disorders,chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromylagia syndrome, nervous systemdisorders, and combinations thereof, particularly those conditionsselected from the group consisting of major depressive disorder,vasomotor symptoms, stress and urge urinary incontinence, fibromyalgia,pain, diabetic neuropathy, and combinations thereof.

The following definitions are provided for the full understanding ofterms and abbreviations used in this specification.

As used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,”and “the” include the plural reference unless the context clearlyindicates otherwise. Thus, for example, a reference to “an antagonist”includes a plurality of such antagonists, and a reference to “acompound” is a reference to one or more compounds and equivalentsthereof known to those skilled in the art, and so forth.

The abbreviations in the specification correspond to units of measure,techniques, properties, or compounds as follows: “min” means minutes,“h” means hour(s), “μL” means microliter(s), “mL” means milliliter(s),“mM” means millimolar, “M” means molar, “mmole” means millimole(s), “cm”means centimeters, “SEM” means standard error of the mean and “IU” meansInternational Units. “Δ° C” and Δ “ED₅₀ value” means dose which resultsin 50% alleviation of the observed condition or effect (50% mean maximumendpoint).

“Norepinephrine transporter” is abbreviated NET.

-   -   “Human norepinephrine transporter” is abbreviated hNET.    -   “Serotonin transporter” is abbreviated SERT.    -   “Human serotonin transporter” is abbreviated hSERT.    -   “Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor” is abbreviated NRI.    -   “Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor” is abbreviated        SNRI.    -   “Serotonin reuptake inhibitor” is abbreviated SRI.    -   “Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor” is abbreviated SSRI.    -   “Norepinephrine” is abbreviated NE.    -   “Serotonin is abbreviated 5-HT.    -   “Subcutaneous” is abbreviated sc.    -   “Intraperitoneal” is abbreviated ip.    -   “Oral” is abbreviated po.

In the context of this disclosure, a number of terms shall be utilized.The term “treatment” as used herein includes preventative (e.g.,prophylactic), curative or palliative treatment and “treating” as usedherein also includes preventative, curative and palliative treatment.

The term “effective amount,” as used herein, refers to an amounteffective, at dosages, and for periods of time necessary, to achieve thedesired result with respect to prevention or treatment of vasomotorsymptoms, depression disorders, sexual dysfunction, or pain. Inparticular with respect to vasomotor symptoms, “effective amount” refersto the amount of compound or composition of compounds that wouldincrease norepinephrine levels to compensate in part or total for thelack of steroid availability in subjects subject afflicted with avasomotor symptom. Varying hormone levels will influence the amount ofcompound required in the present invention. For example, thepre-menopausal state may require a lower level of compound due to higherhormone levels than the peri-menopausal state.

It will be appreciated that the effective amount of components of thepresent invention will vary from patient to patient not only with theparticular compound, component or composition selected, the route ofadministration, and the ability of the components (alone or incombination with one or more combination drugs) to elicit a desiredresponse in the individual, but also with factors such as the diseasestate or severity of the condition to be alleviated, hormone levels,age, sex, weight of the individual, the state of being of the patient,and the severity of the pathological condition being treated, concurrentmedication or special diets then being followed by the particularpatient, and other factors which those skilled in the art willrecognize, with the appropriate dosage ultimately being at thediscretion of the attendant physician. Dosage regimens may be adjustedto provide the improved therapeutic response. An effective amount isalso one in which any toxic or detrimental effects of the components areoutweighed by the therapeutically beneficial effects.

Preferably, the compounds of the present invention are administered at adosage and for a time such that the number of hot flushes is reduced ascompared to the number of hot flushes prior to the start of treatment.Such treatment can also be beneficial to reduce the overall severity orintensity distribution of any hot flushes still experienced, as comparedto the severity of hot flushes prior to the start of the treatment. Withrespect to depression disorders, sexual dysfunction, and pain, thecompounds of the present invention are administered at a dosage and fora time such that there is the prevention, alleviation, or elimination ofthe symptom or condition.

For example, for an afflicted patient, compounds of formula I may beadministered, preferably, at a dosage of from about 0.1 mg/day to about200 mg/day, more preferably from about 1 mg/day to about 100 mg/day andmost preferably from about 1 mg/day to 50 mg/day for a time sufficientto reduce and/or substantially eliminate the number and/or severity ofhot flushes or symptom or condition of the depression disorder, sexualdysfunction, or pain.

The terms “component,” “composition of compounds,” “compound,” “drug,”or “pharmacologically active agent” or “active agent” or “medicament”are used interchangeably herein to refer to a compound or compounds orcomposition of matter which, when administered to a subject (human oranimal) induces a desired pharmacological and/or physiologic effect bylocal and/or systemic action.

The terms “component”, “drug” or “pharmacologically active agent” or“active agent” or “medicament” are used interchangeably herein to referto a compound or compounds or composition of matter which, whenadministered to an organism (human or animal) induces a desiredpharmacologic and/or physiologic effect by local and/or systemic action.

The term “modulation” refers to the capacity to either enhance orinhibit a functional property of a biological activity or process, forexample, receptor binding or signaling activity. Such enhancement orinhibition may be contingent on the occurrence of a specific event, suchas activation of a signal transduction pathway and/or may be manifestonly in particular cell types. The modulator is intended to comprise anycompound, e.g., antibody, small molecule, peptide, oligopeptide,polypeptide, or protein, preferably small molecule, or peptide.

As used herein, the term “inhibitor” refers to any agent that inhibits,suppresses, represses, or decreases a specific activity, such asserotonin reuptake activity or the norepinephrine reuptake activity.

The term “inhibitor” is intended to comprise any compound, e.g.,antibody, small molecule, peptide, oligopeptide, polypeptide, orprotein, preferably small molecule or peptide, that exhibits a partial,complete, competitive and/or inhibitory effect on mammalian, preferablythe human norepinephrine reuptake or both serotonin reuptake and thenorepinephrine reuptake, thus diminishing or blocking, preferablydiminishing, some or all of the biological effects of endogenousnorepinephrine reuptake or of both serotonin reuptake and thenorepinephrine reuptake.

Within the present invention, the compounds of formula I may be preparedin the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts. As used herein, theterm “pharmaceutically acceptable salts” refers to salts prepared frompharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic acids, including inorganic salts,and organic salts. Suitable non-organic salts include inorganic andorganic acids such as acetic, benzenesulfonic, benzoic, camphorsulfonic,citric, ethenesulfonic, fumaric, gluconic, glutamic, hydrobromic,hydrochloric, isethionic, lactic, malic, maleic, mandelic,methanesulfonic, mucic, nitric, pamoic, pantothenic, phosphoric,succinic, sulfuric, tartaric acid, p-toluenesulfonic and the like.Particularly preferred are hydrochloric, hydrobromic, phosphoric, andsulfuric acids, and most preferably is the hydrochloride salt.

“Administering,” as used herein, means either directly administering acompound or composition of the present invention, or administering aprodrug, derivative or analog which will form an equivalent amount ofthe active compound or substance within the body.

The term “subject” or “patient” refers to an animal including the humanspecies that is treatable with the compositions, and/or methods of thepresent invention. The term “subject” or “subjects” is intended to referto both the male and female gender unless one gender is specificallyindicated. Accordingly, the term “patient” comprises any mammal whichmay benefit from treatment or prevention of vasomotor symptoms,depression disorders, sexual dysfunction, or pain, such as a human,especially if the mammal is female, either in the pre-menopausal,peri-menopausal, or post-menopausal period. Furthermore, the termpatient includes female animals including humans and, among humans, notonly women of advanced age who have passed through menopause but alsowomen who have undergone hysterectomy or for some other reason havesuppressed estrogen production, such as those who have undergonelong-term administration of corticosteroids, suffer from Cushing'ssyndrome or have gonadal dysgenesis. However, the term “patient” is notintended to be limited to a woman.

The terms “premature menopause” or “artificial menopause” refer toovarian failure of unknown cause that may occur before age 40. It may beassociated with smoking, living at high altitude, or poor nutritionalstatus. Artificial menopause may result from oophorectomy, chemotherapy,radiation of the pelvis, or any process that impairs ovarian bloodsupply.

The term “pre-menopausal” means before the menopause, the term“peri-menopausal” means during the menopause and the term“post-menopausal” means after the menopause. “Ovariectomy” means removalof an ovary or ovaries and can be effected according to Merchenthaler etal., Maturitas, 1998, 30(3): 307-316.

“Side effect” refers to a consequence other than the one(s) for which anagent or measure is used, as the adverse effects produced by a drug,especially on a tissue or organ system other then the one sought to bebenefited by its administration. In the case, for example, of high dosesof NRIs or NRI/SRI compounds alone, the term “side effect” may refer tosuch conditions as, for example, vomiting, nausea, sweating, and flushes(Janowsky, et al., Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 1984, 45(10 Pt 2):3-9).

“Alkyl,” as used herein, refers to an aliphatic hydrocarbon chain of 1to about 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, morepreferably, 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and even more preferably, 1 to 4 carbonatoms and includes straight and branched chains such as methyl, ethyl,n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl,isopentyl, neo-pentyl, n-hexyl, and isohexyl. Lower alkyl refers toalkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

“Alkoxy,” as used herein, refers to the group R—O— where R is an alkylgroup of 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

“Alkoxycarbonyl,” as used herein, refers to the group R—O—C(═O)— where Ris an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

“Alkanoyl,” as used herein, refers to the group R—C(═O)— where R is analkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

“Alkanoyloxy,” as used herein, refers to the group R—C(═O)—O— where R isan alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

“Alkylaminocarbonyl,” as used herein, refers to the groupR—NH—C(═O)—where R is an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

“Alkylcarbonylamino,” as used herein, refers to the group R—C(═O)—NHwhere R is an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

“Alkenyl” or “olefinic,” as used herein, refers to an alkyl group of atleast two carbon atoms having one or more double bonds, wherein alkyl isas defined herein. Alkenyl groups can be optionally substituted.

“Alkynyl,” as used herein, refers to an alkyl group of at least twocarbon atoms having one or more triple bonds, wherein alkyl is asdefined herein. Alkynyl groups can be optionally substituted.

“Aryl” as used herein, refers to an optionally substituted, mono-, di-,tri-, or other multicyclic aromatic ring system having from about 5 toabout 50 carbon atoms (and all combinations and subcombinations ofranges and specific numbers of carbon atoms therein), with from about 6to about 10 carbons being preferred. Non-limiting examples include, forexample, phenyl, naphthyl, anthracenyl, and phenanthrenyl.

“Heteroaryl,” as used herein, refers to an optionally substituted,mono-, di-, tri-, or other multicyclic aromatic ring system thatincludes at least one, and preferably from 1 to about 4 sulfur, oxygen,or nitrogen heteroatom ring members. Heteroaryl groups can have, forexample, from about 3 to about 50 carbon atoms (and all combinations andsubcombinations of ranges and specific numbers of carbon atoms therein),with from about 4 to about 10 carbons being preferred. Non-limitingexamples of heteroaryl groups include, for example, pyrryl, furyl,pyridyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl, pyrimidyl, thienyl, isothiazolyl,imidazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl,thiophenyl, benzothienyl, isobenzofuryl, pyrazolyl, indolyl, purinyl,carbazolyl, benzimidazolyl, and isoxazolyl.

“Heterocyclic ring,” as used herein, refers to a stable 5- to 7-memberedmonocyclic or bicyclic or 7- to 10-membered bicyclic heterocyclic ringthat is saturated, partially unsaturated or unsaturated (aromatic), andwhich contains carbon atoms and from 1 to 4 heteroatoms independentlyselected from the group consisting of N, O and S and including anybicyclic group in which any of the above defined heterocyclic rings isfused to a benzene ring. The nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms mayoptionally be oxidized. The heterocyclic ring may be attached to itspendant group at any heteroatom or carbon atom that results in a stablestructure. The heterocyclic rings described herein may be substituted oncarbon or on a nitrogen atom if the resulting compound is stable. Ifspecifically noted, a nitrogen atom in the heterocycle may optionally bequaternized. It is preferred that when the total number of S and O atomsin the heterocycle exceeds one, then these heteroatoms are not adjacentto one another. It is preferred that the total number of S and O atomsin the heterocycle is not more than one. Examples of heterocyclesinclude, but are not limited to, 1H-indazole, 2-pyrrolidonyl,2H,6H-1,5,2-dithiazinyl, 2H-pyrrolyl, 3H-indolyl, 4-piperidonyl,4aH-carbazole, 4H-quinolizinyl, 6H-1,2,5-thiadiazinyl, acridinyl,azocinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiofuranyl,benzothiophenyl, benzoxazolyl, benzthiazolyl, benztriazolyl,benztetrazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzimidazalonyl,carbazolyl, 4H-carbazolyl, α-, β-, or γ-carbolinyl, chromanyl,chromenyl, cinnolinyl, decahydroquinolinyl, 2H,6H-1,5,2-dithiazinyl,dihydrofuro[2,3-b]tetrahydrofuran, furanyl, furazanyl, imidazolidinyl,imidazolinyl, imidazolyl, 1H-indazolyl, indolenyl, indolinyl,indolizinyl, indolyl, isobenzofuranyl, isochromanyl, isoindazolyl,isoindolinyl, isoindolyl, isoquinolinyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl,morpholinyl, naphthyridinyl, octahydroisoquinolinyl, oxadiazolyl,1,2,3-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,5-oxadiazolyl,1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, oxazolidinyl., oxazolyl, oxazolidinylpyrimidinyl,phenanthridinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenoxazinyl, phenazinyl,phenothiazinyl, phenoxathiinyl, phenoxazinyl, phthalazinyl, piperazinyl,piperidinyl, pteridinyl, piperidonyl, 4-piperidonyl, pteridinyl,purinyl, pyranyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolidinyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolyl,pyridazinyl, pyridooxazole, pyridoimidazole, pyridothiazole, pyridinyl,pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolyl, quinazolinyl,quinolinyl, 4H-quinolizinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinuclidinyl, carbolinyl,tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl,6H-1,2,5-thiadiazinyl, 1,2,3-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl,1,2,5-thiadiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, thianthrenyl, thiazolyl,thienyl, thienothiazolyl, thienooxazolyl, thienoimidazolyl, thiophenyl,triazinyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, 1,2,5-triazolyl,1,3,4-triazolyl, xanthenyl. Preferred heterocycles include, but are notlimited to, pyridinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl,imidazolyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl, 1H-indazolyl, oxazolidinyl,benzotriazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, oxindolyl, benzoxazolinyl, or isatinoyl.Also included are fused ring and spiro compounds containing, forexample, the above heterocycles.

“Heteroarylmethyl,” as used herein, refers to the group R—CH₂— where Ris a heteroaryl group, as defined herein.

“Heteroarylmethyloxy,” as used herein, refers to the group R—CH₂—O—where R is a heteroaryl group, as defined herein.

“Heteroaryloxy,” as used herein, refers to the group R—O— where R is aheteroaryl group, as defined herein.

“Heteroarylmethyloxy,” as used herein, refers to the group R—CH₂—O—where R is a heteroaryl group, as defined herein.

“Cycloalkyl,” as used herein, refers to an optionally substituted, alkylgroup having one or more rings in their structures having from 3 toabout 20 carbon atoms (and all combinations and subcombinations ofranges and specific numbers of carbon atoms therein), with from 3 toabout 10 carbon atoms being preferred. Multi-ring structures may bebridged or fused ring structures. Groups include, but are not limitedto, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclooctyl,2-[4-isopropyl-1-methyl-7-oxa-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl],2-[1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalenyl], and adamantyl.

“Cycloalkylmethyl,” as used herein, refers to the group R—CH₂— where Ris a cycloalkyl group, as defined herein.

“Cycloalkenyl,” as used herein, refers to an optionally substituted,alkene group having one or more rings in their structures having from 3to about 20 carbon atoms (and all combinations and subcombinations ofranges and specific numbers of carbon atoms therein), with from 3 toabout 10 carbon atoms being preferred. Multi-ring structures may bebridged or fused ring structures. Groups include, but are not limitedto, cyclopropenyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl,cyclooctenyl.

“Cycloalkenylmethyl,” as used herein, refers to the group R—CH₂— where Ris a cycloalkenyl group, as defined herein.

“Sulfoxide,” as used herein, refers to a compound or moiety containingthe group —S(═O)—.

“Sulfonamido,” as used herein, refers to a moiety containing the group—S(O)₂—NH—.

“Sulfonyl,” as used herein, refers to a moiety containing the group—S(O)₂—.

“Halo” or “halogen,” as used herein, refers to chloro, bromo, fluoro,and iodo.

In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to compounds offormula I:

-   -   or a pharmaceutical salt thereof;    -   wherein:    -   W is H or OR⁹;    -   R¹ is phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzyloxy, phenoxy,        naphthyloxy, phenylethoxy, phenoxyethoxy, naphthylmethoxy,        naphthylethoxy, phenylcarbonylamino, phenylaminocarbonyl,        trifluoromethoxy, nitrile, alkenyl, alkynyl, sulfonyl,        sulfonamido, alkanoyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, or        amino;    -   where said phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzyloxy, phenoxy,        naphthyloxy, phenylethoxy, phenoxyethoxy, naphthylmethoxy,        naphthylethoxy, phenylcarbonylamino, and phenylaminocarbonyl are        optionally substituted with one or more R²;    -   R² is H, or one or two substituents, the same or different        selected from OH, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, trifluoromethyl,        alkanoyloxy, methylenedioxy, trifluoromethoxy, nitrile, nitro,        alkenyl, alkynyl, sulfonyl, or sulfonamido;    -   R⁵ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl, or trifluoromethyl;    -   R⁶ and R⁷ are, independently, (C₁-C₆)alkyl or (C₃-C₆)cycloalkyl;    -   or R⁶ and R⁷ can together form a ring of 4 to 8 carbon atoms;    -   where any carbon atom of said R⁶ and R⁷ may be optionally        replaced with N, S, or 0;    -   where R⁶ and R⁷ may be optionally substituted with R⁵ or OH;    -   where R⁶ and R⁷ can form a ring with 4 to 8 carbons fused onto a        cycloalkyl ring of 4 to 6 carbon atoms;    -   R⁸ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl, hydroxy(C₁-C₆)alkyl, benzyl (optionally        substituted with benzyloxy or phenyloxy), naphthylmethyl        (optionally substituted with one or more R¹), phenyl(C₂-C₆)alkyl        (optionally substituted with one or more R¹), heteroarylmethyl        (optionally substituted with R¹), cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl,        cycloalkylmethyl (where any carbon atom can be optionally        replaced with N, S, or O and where said cycloalkylmethyl can be        optionally substituted with OH, CF₃, halo, alkoxy, alkyl,        benzyloxy, or alkanoyloxy), cycloalkenylmethyl (where any carbon        atom can be optionally replaced with N, S, or O and where said        cycloalkylmethyl can be optionally substituted with OH, CF₃,        halo, alkoxy, alkyl, benzyloxy, or alkanoyloxy);    -   or R⁵ and R⁸, together with the nitrogen atom to which R⁸ is        attached, form a ring optionally substituted with R⁵;    -   R⁹ is H, (C₁-C₄)alkyl, or (C₁-C₄)alkyl-C(═O);    -   t is 1, 2, or 3; and    -   x is 0, 1, or 2.

In certain preferred embodiments,

-   -   W is H or OR⁹;    -   R¹ is phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzyloxy, phenoxy,        naphthyloxy, phenylethoxy, phenoxyethoxy, naphthylmethoxy,        naphthylethoxy, phenylcarbonylamino, phenylaminocarbonyl,        trifluoromethoxy, nitrile, alkenyl, alkynyl, sulfonyl,        sulfonamido, alkanoyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, or        amino;    -   where said phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzyloxy, phenoxy,        naphthyloxy, phenylethoxy, phenoxyethoxy, naphthylmethoxy,        naphthylethoxy, phenylcarbonylamino, and phenylaminocarbonyl are        optionally substituted with one or more R²;    -   R² is R¹, H, OH, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, trifluoromethyl,        alkanoyloxy, methylenedioxy, trifluoromethoxy, nitrile, nitro,        alkenyl, alkynyl, sulfonyl, or sulfonamido;    -   R⁵ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl or trifluoromethyl;    -   R⁶ and R⁷ together form a ring of 4 to 8 carbon atoms;    -   R⁸ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl, hydroxy(C₁-C₆)alkyl, benzyl (optionally        substituted with benzyloxy or phenyloxy), naphthylmethyl        (optionally substituted with one or more R¹), phenyl(C₂-C₆)alkyl        (optionally substituted with one or more R¹), heteroarylmethyl        (optionally substituted with R¹), cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl,        cycloalkylmethyl (where any carbon atom can be optionally        replaced with N, S, or O and where said cycloalkylmethyl can be        optionally substituted with OH, CF₃, halo, alkoxy, alkyl,        benzyloxy, or alkanoyloxy), cycloalkenylmethyl (where any carbon        atom can be optionally replaced with N, S, or O and where said        cycloalkylmethyl can be optionally substituted with OH, CF₃,        halo, alkoxy, alkyl, benzyloxy, or alkanoyloxy);    -   or R⁵ and R⁸, together with the nitrogen atom to which R⁸ is        attached, form a ring optionally substituted with R⁵;    -   R⁹ is H;    -   t is 1, or 2; and    -   x is 1 or 2.

In certain preferred embodiments,

-   -   W is OR⁹;    -   R¹ is phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzyloxy, phenoxy,        naphthyloxy, phenylethoxy, phenoxyethoxy, naphthylmethoxy, or        naphthylethoxy;    -   where said phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzyloxy, phenoxy,        naphthyloxy, phenylethoxy, phenoxyethoxy, naphthylmethoxy, and        naphthylethoxy are optionally substituted with one or more R²;    -   R² is R¹, H, OH, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, trifluoromethyl,        alkanoyloxy, methylenedioxy, trifluoromethoxy, nitrile, nitro,        alkenyl, alkynyl, sulfonyl, or sulfonamido;    -   R⁵ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl or trifluoromethyl;    -   R⁶ and R⁷ together form a ring of 4 to 8 carbon atoms;    -   R⁸ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl, hydroxy(C₁-C₆)alkyl, benzyl (optionally        substituted with benzyloxy or phenyloxy), naphthylmethyl        (optionally substituted with one or more R¹), phenyl(C₂-C₆)alkyl        (optionally substituted with one or more R¹), heteroarylmethyl        (optionally substituted with R¹), cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl,        cycloalkylmethyl (where any carbon atom can be optionally        replaced with N, S, or O and where said cycloalkylmethyl can be        optionally substituted with OH, CF₃, halo, alkoxy, alkyl,        benzyloxy, or alkanoyloxy), cycloalkenylmethyl (where any carbon        atom can be optionally replaced with N, S, or O and where said        cycloalkylmethyl can be optionally substituted with OH, CF₃,        halo, alkoxy, alkyl, benzyloxy, or alkanoyloxy);    -   R⁹ is H,    -   t is 1; and    -   x is 1.

In certain preferred embodiments,

-   -   W is OR⁹;    -   R¹ is trifluoromethoxy, nitrile, alkenyl, or alkynyl;    -   R² is R¹, H, OH, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, or trifluoromethyl;    -   R⁵ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl or trifluoromethyl;    -   R⁶ and R⁷ together form a ring of 4 to 8 carbon atoms;    -   R⁸ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl, hydroxy(C₁-C₆)alkyl, benzyl (optionally        substituted with benzyloxy or phenyloxy), naphthylmethyl        (optionally substituted with one or more R¹), phenyl(C₂-C₆)alkyl        (optionally substituted with one or more R¹), heteroarylmethyl        (optionally substituted with R¹), cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl,        cycloalkylmethyl (where any carbon atom can be optionally        replaced with N, S, or O and where said cycloalkylmethyl can be        optionally substituted with OH, CF₃, halo, alkoxy, alkyl,        benzyloxy, or alkanoyloxy), cycloalkenylmethyl (where any carbon        atom can be optionally replaced with N, S, or O and where said        cycloalkylmethyl can be optionally substituted with OH, CF₃,        halo, alkoxy, alkyl, benzyloxy, or alkanoyloxy);    -   or R⁵ and R⁸, together with the nitrogen atom to which R⁸ is        attached, form a ring optionally substituted with R⁵;    -   R⁹ is H;    -   t is 1; and    -   x is 1.

In certain preferred embodiments,

-   -   W is OR⁹;    -   R¹ is trifluoromethoxy, nitrile, alkenyl, or alkynyl;    -   R² is R¹, H, OH, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, or trifluoromethyl;    -   R⁵ is (C₁-C₆)alkyl or trifluoromethyl;    -   R⁶ and R⁷ together form a ring of 4 to 8 carbon atoms;    -   R⁸ is H or (C₁-C₆)alkyl;    -   R⁹ is H;    -   t is 1; and    -   x is 1.

In certain preferred embodiments, R¹ is phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl,benzyloxy, phenoxy, naphthyloxy, phenylethoxy, phenoxyethoxy,phenylcarbonylamino, phenylaminocarbonyl, trifluoromethoxy, nitrile,alkenyl, alkynyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamido, alkanoyl, alkoxycarbonyl,alkylaminocarbonyl, or amino.

In certain preferred embodiments, R² is H, OH, alkyl (especially methyl,ethyl, propyl, and butyl), alkoxy (especially methoxy and ethoxy), halo(especially chloro, fluoro, and bromo).

In certain preferred embodiments, R⁵ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl (especiallymethyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl), halo (especially chloro, fluoro, andbromo).

In certain preferred embodiments, R⁶ and R⁷ are, independently,(C₁-C₆)alkyl (especially methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl) or(C₃-C₆)cycloalkyl (especially cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, and cyclohexyl).

In certain preferred embodiments, R⁶ and R⁷ can together form a ring of4 to 8 carbon atoms.

In certain preferred embodiments, R⁸ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl (especiallymethyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl), hydroxybutyl, benzyl, naphthylmethyl,phenyl(C₂-C₆)alkyl, heteroarylmethyl, cycloalkyl (especiallycyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, and cyclohexyl), cycloalkenyl,cycloalkylmethyl, cycloalkenylmethyl.

In certain preferred embodiments, R⁵ and R⁸, together with the nitrogenatom to which R⁸ is attached, form a ring optionally substituted withR⁵.

In certain preferred embodiments, R⁹ is H or (C₁-C₄)alkyl (especiallymethyl and ethyl).

In certain preferred embodiments, t is 1. In certain other preferredembodiments, t is 2. In yet certain other embodiments, t is 3.

In certain preferred embodiments, x is 0. In certain other preferredembodiments, x is 1. In yet certain other preferred embodiments, x is 2.

Examples of R⁶ and R⁷ together with the carbon to which they areattached include 4, 5 or 6 carbon rings, e.g. a cyclohexyl ring.

Examples of R¹ include trifluoromethoxy; thienyl; phenoxy; phenylethoxy;naphthyloxy; naphthylmethoxy; naphthylethoxy; alkenyl of 2 to 6 carbonatoms; alkynyl of 2 to 6 carbon atoms; phenyl optionally substituted byone, two or three substituents selected from halo, methylenedioxy,nitrile, nitro, alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbonatoms, alkenyl of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, alkynyl of 2 to 6 carbon atomstrifluoromethoxy and trifluoromethyl; and benzyloxy optionallysubstituted by one or two substituents selected from halo, alkoxy of 1to 6 carbon atoms, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and trifluoromethyl.Examples of R² are hydrogen, halo, alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms andhydroxy.R⁸ may be for example H, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms,hydroxy(C₁-C₆)alkyl, benzyl, phenyl(C₂-C₆)alkyl and cycloalkylmethyl.W is for example OH. An example of x is 1. An example of t is 1.Each R⁵ is for example selected independently from H and alkyl of 1 to 6carbon atoms.

Preferred compounds of formula I include:

-   -   1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(4′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(4′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(2′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        maleate;    -   1-[1-(3′,4′-difluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{1-[2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(3-vinylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-vinylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(2′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′-cyano-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′-nitro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(4′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-thien-3-ylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(2′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′-cyano-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(3′-nitro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(4′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(4′-methyl-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{(1S)-2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{(1R)-2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{(1S)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{(1R)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′,4′-dimethoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{1-[6-methoxy-3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{1-[6-methoxy-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-[6-methoxy-3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-[6-methoxy-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   2-(benzyloxy)-5-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]benzonitrile        dihydrochloride;    -   2-(benzyloxy)-5-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]benzonitrile        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-[4-(1,3-benzoioxol-5-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-[cis-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(2′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   4′-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-1,1′-biphenyl-2-carbonitrile        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(2′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3-ethynylphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3-ethynylphenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(3-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(3-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-(4-benzyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclobutanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{2-(4-methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)        phenyl]ethyl)cyclobutanol dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cycohexanol        dihydrochloride        1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethy]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cycohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)ethy]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[2-[4-(cyclohexylmethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[2-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-[4-phenylmethoxy)phenyl]ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{(1R)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{(1S)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[(1R)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-[(1S)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol        dihydrochloride;    -   1-{(1S)-2-[4-(3-phenylbutyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{(1S)-2-[(3S)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{(1S)-2-[(3S)-3,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{(1S)-2-(3-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{(1S)-2-[(3S)-3-ethyl-4-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)        phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{(1S)-2-[(3R)-3-ethyl-4-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)        phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-[(1S)-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[(1R)-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-{2-(4-isopropylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)        phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{(1S)-2-{4-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)        phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{(1S)-2-{4-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)        phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{(1S)-2-[(3R,5S)-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)        phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{(1S)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-[(3R,5S)-3,4,5-trimethylpiperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{(1S)-2-[(3R)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{(1S)-2-[(3R)-3,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{(1S)-2-(octahydro-2H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)        phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{2-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)        phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{2-[4-(2-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)        phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{1-[4-(1-naphthyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3,5-dibromophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3,5-dibromophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   (3R)-3-methyl-1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanol;    -   (3R)-3-methyl-1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanol;    -   2,2-dimethyl-1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanol;    -   2,2-dimethyl-1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanol;    -   1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(1-naphthyloxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   4-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-2-(trifluoro        methoxy)phenol;    -   4-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenol;    -   1-{1-[4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-[4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-{1-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-{1-[4-isobutoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-[4-isobutoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-{1-[4-(2-phenylethyl)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(2-phenylethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-[(1S)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[(1R)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]        cyclohexanol;    -   1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-fluorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-fluorophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-(1-{3-fluoro-4-[(4-methylbenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-{3-fluoro-4-[(4-methylbenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-(1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-chlorophenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-chlorophenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-{1-[3-chloro-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{1-[4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-(1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)    -   ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)    -   ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-{[2-(trifluoromethylwbenzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-{1-[3-methoxy-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-[3-methoxy-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-(1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-methoxyphenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-methoxyphenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-(3-methoxy-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-(3-methoxy-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-{1-[3-chloro-4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-[3-chloro-4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-(1-{3-chloro-4-[(3-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-{3-chloro-4-[(3-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-(1-{3-chloro-4-[(2-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-{3-chloro-4-[(2-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-{1-[4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;    -   1-(1-{4-[2-(4-fluorophenylyethoxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)        cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-{4-[2-(4-fluorophenylyethoxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-(1-{4-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol;    -   1-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]phenyl}    -   ethyl)cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-{4-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-[1-[4-(cyclohexylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;    -   1-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[(1R)-1-phenylethoxy]phenyl}    -   ethyl)cyclohexanol;    -   1-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[(1S)-1-phenylethoxy]phenyl}ethyl)cyclohexanol;        and    -   pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Some of the compounds of the present invention may contain chiralcenters and such compounds may exist in the form of stereoisomers (i.e.enantiomers). The present invention includes all such stereoisomers andany mixtures thereof including racemic mixtures. Racemic mixtures of thestereoisomers as well as the substantially pure stereoisomers are withinthe scope of the invention. The term “substantially pure,” as usedherein, refers to at least about 90 mole %, more preferably at leastabout 95 mole %, and most preferably at least about 98 mole % of thedesired stereoisomer is present relative to other possiblestereoisomers. Preferred enantiomers may be isolated from racemicmixtures by any method known to those skilled in the art, including highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the formation andcrystallization of chiral salts or prepared by methods described herein.See, for example, Jacques, et al., Enantiomers, Racemates andResolutions (Wiley Interscience, New York, 1981); Wilen, S. H., et al.,Tetrahedron, 33:2725 (1977); Eliel, E. L. Stereochemistry of CarbonCompounds, (McGraw-Hill, N.Y., 1962); Wilen, S. H. Tables of ResolvingAgents and Optical Resolutions, p. 268 (E. L. Eliel, Ed., University ofNotre Dame Press, Notre Dame, Ind. 1972).

The present invention includes prodrugs of the compounds of formula I.“Prodrug,” as used herein, means a compound which is convertible in vivoby metabolic means (e.g. by hydrolysis) to a compound of formula I.Various forms of prodrugs are known in the art, for example, asdiscussed in Bundgaard, (ed.), Design of Prodrugs, Elsevier (1985);Widder, et al. (ed.), Methods in Enzymology, vol. 4, Academic Press(1985); Krogsgaard-Larsen, et al., (ed). “Design and Application ofProdrugs,” Textbook of Drug Design and Development, Chapter 5, 113-191(1991), Bundgaard, et al., Journal of Drug Deliver Reviews, 1992,8:1-38, Bundgaard, J. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1988, 77:285 et seq.;and Higuchi and Stella (eds.) Prodrugs as Novel Drug Delivery Systems,American Chemical Society (1975).

Further, the compounds of formula I may exist in unsolvated as well asin solvated forms with pharmaceutically acceptable solvents such aswater, ethanol, and the like. In general, the solvated forms areconsidered equivalent to the unsolvated forms for the purpose of thepresent invention.

This invention also provides process for preparing a compound of formulaI which includes one of the following:

-   a) reducing a compound of formula

wherein R¹, R R⁵⁸, x, t and W are as defined herein to give a compoundof formula I; if necessary any reactive groups or sites being protectedduring the reaction by protecting group(s) and removed thereafter;or

-   b) alkylating a compound of formula I wherein R⁸ is hydrogen with an    alkylating agent to give a compound of formula I wherein R⁸ is as    defined herein excepting hydrogen;    or-   c) converting a compound of formula I having a reactive substituent    group to a compound of formula I having a different substituent    group;    or-   d) converting a basic compound of formula I to a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt or vice versa.    The compounds of the present invention may be prepared in a number    of ways well known to those skilled in the art. The compounds can be    synthesized, for example, by the methods described below, or    variations thereon as appreciated by the skilled artisan. All    processes disclosed in association with the present invention are    contemplated to be practiced on any scale, including milligram,    gram, multigram, kilogram, multikilogram or commercial industrial    scale.

As will be readily understood, functional groups present may containprotecting groups during the course of synthesis. Protecting groups areknown per se as chemical functional groups that can be selectivelyappended to and removed from functionalities, such as hydroxyl groupsand carboxyl groups. These groups are present in a chemical compound torender such functionality inert to chemical reaction conditions to whichthe compound is exposed. Any of a variety of protecting groups may beemployed with the present invention. Protecting groups that may beemployed in accordance with the present invention may be described inGreene, T. W. and Wuts, P.G.M., Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis2d. Ed., Wiley & Sons, 1991.

Compounds of the present invention are suitably prepared in accordancewith the following general description and specific examples. Variablesused are as defined for Formula I, unless otherwise noted. The reagentsused in the preparation of the compounds of this invention can be eithercommercially obtained or can be prepared by standard proceduresdescribed in the literature. The reagents used in the preparation of thecompounds of this invention can be either commercially obtained or canbe prepared by standard procedures described in the literature. Inaccordance with this invention, compounds of formula I are produced bythe following reaction schemes (Scheme 1-5).

-   -   where    -   Y═H, R₈, or P;    -   P is an amine protecting group, preferably but not limited to        tert-butoxycarbonyl; and    -   R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, W and x are as previously        described.

Compounds of formula I can be prepared from compounds of formula VI viareduction followed by deprotection, where Y=P; otherwise thedeprotection step is omitted. Where P=tert-butoxycarbonyl, anyconventional method for the deprotection of a carbamate can be utilizedfor this conversion. In accordance with the preferred embodiment of thisinvention, deprotection is carried out using a protic acid, i.e.,hydrochloric acid. Reduction is performed using any conventional methodof reducing an amide to an amine. In accordance with the preferredembodiment of this invention, the compounds of formula VI are treatedwith a solution of borane in tetrahydrofuran and heated at 70-80° C.

Compounds of formula VI can be prepared via the coupling of compounds offormula V with an appropriately substituted secondary or primary amine.The reaction is carried out by any conventional method for theactivation of a carboxylic acid to form an amide. In the preferredembodiment of this invention, the carboxylic acid is treated withbenzotriazol-1-yloxytris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluoro phosphatein the presence of an appropriately substituted secondary or primaryamine and triethylamine.

Compounds of formula V are prepared by reacting an appropriatelysubstituted ketone with a phenylacetic acid of formula IV via an aldolreaction. The phenylacetic acids of formula IV can be eithercommercially obtained or are known compounds that can be prepared bystandard procedures described in the literature. Compounds of formula IVrepresent an organic acid having an alpha carbon atom, so reaction witha ketone occurs at the alpha carbon atom of this carboxylic acid. Thisreaction is carried out by any conventional means of reacting the alphacarbon atom of a carboxylic acid with a ketone. Generally, in thesealdol reactions, a ketone is reacted with the dianion of the aceticacid. The anion can be generated with a strong organic base such aslithium diisopropylamide, as well as other organic lithium bases. Thisreaction is performed in low boiling point solvents such astetrahydrofuran at low temperatures from −80° C. to about −50° C. beingpreferred.

If it is desired to produce compounds of formula VIII, they can beformed from compounds of formula 1, where Y═H, via an alkylation with analkyl halide or via a reductive amination with an aldehyde or ketone.Any conventional method of alkylating a secondary amine with an alkylhalide can be utilized. In addition, any conventional method ofperforming a reductive amination can be utilized. In accordance with thepreferred embodiment of this invention, when it is desired to formcompounds of formula VIII where R₈=methyl, a mixture of the amine andformaldehyde in formic acid is heated at 60° C.-80° C. If is desired toform compounds of formula VIII where R₈=lower alkyl other than methyl, amixture of the amine and an appropriately substituted aldehyde or ketonein methylene chloride is treated with trisacetoxyborohydride.

If it is desired to produce compounds of formula X where R1=nitrile,they can be formed from compounds of formula IX, where P=an amineprotecting group, preferably but not limited to tert-butoxycarbonyl. Inthe case where P=tert-butoxycarbonyl, any conventional method for thedeprotection of a carbamate can be utilized for this conversion. Inaccordance with the preferred embodiment of this invention, deprotectionis carried out using a protic acid, i.e., hydrochloric acid.

Compounds of formula IX can be formed from compounds of formula VIIwhere R₁=iodine or bromine, and Y=P (See Scheme 1). Any conventionalmethod for converting an aryl iodide or aryl bromide to an aryl nitrilecan be utilized for this conversion. According to the preferredembodiment of this invention, the aryl bromide of formula VII is treatedwith zinc cyanide, 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocine, zinc dust, andcatalytic tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium. This reaction isperformed in high boiling point solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide,under nitrogen, at elevated temperatures from 100° C. to about 150° C.being preferred. Compounds of formula VII are prepared in Scheme 1. Ifit is desired to form compounds of formula VIII from compounds offormula X, the procedure outlined in Scheme 2 can be followed.

Compounds of formula VII, where R₁=bromine or iodine and where Y=P (seeScheme 1), can also be used to form compounds of formula XII, whereC=phenyl, substituted phenyl, heteroaryl, or substituted heteroaryl, ifit is desired. Compounds of formula XII can be formed from compounds offormula VII where R₁=bromine or iodine via a cross-coupling reactionwith either an aryl boronic acid or an aryl stannane. Any conventionalmethod for the cross coupling of an aryl iodide or aryl bromide with anaryl boronic acid or aryl stannane can be employed. In accordance withthe preferred embodiment of this invention, the aryl iodide or arylbromide of formula VII is treated with an appropriately substituted arylboronic acid, a base, i.e., sodium carbonate or potassium phosphate, andcatalytic tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0) or[1,4-bis-(diphenylphosphine)butane]palladium (II) dichloride. Thisreaction is performed in a high boiling point solvent such asN,N-dimethylformamide, 1,4-dioxane, or 1,2-dimethoxyethane in thepresence of water, under nitrogen, at elevated temperatures from 70° C.to about 100° C. being preferred. If it is desired to form compounds offormula VIII from compounds of formula XII, the procedure outlined inScheme 2 can be followed.

If it is desired to produce compounds of formula XIV, where B=alkynyl oralkenyl, they can be formed from compounds of formula VII, whereR₁=bromine or iodine and where Y=P (See Scheme 1). Compounds of formulaXIII can be formed from compounds of formula VII where R₁=bromine oriodine via a cross-coupling reaction with either an appropriatelysubstituted alkenyl or alkynyl stannane. Any conventional method for thecross coupling of an aryl iodide or aryl bromide with an alkenyl oralkynyl stannane can be employed. In accordance with the preferredembodiment of this invention, the aryl iodide or aryl bromide of formulaVII is treated with an appropriately substituted alkenyl or alkynylstannane and catalytic tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0). Thisreaction is performed in high boiling point solvents such asN,N-dimethylformamide or toluene, under nitrogen, at elevatedtemperatures from 90° C. to about 120° C. being preferred. Compounds offormula XIV are formed from compounds of formula XIV as described inScheme 1. If it is desired to form compounds of formula VIII fromcompounds of formula XIV, the procedure outlined in Scheme 2 can befollowed.

The compounds of formula I have an asymmetric carbon atom. In accordancewith this invention the preferred stereoconfiguration is S. If it isdesired to produce the R or the S isomer of the compounds of formula 1,these compounds can be isolated as the desired isomer by anyconventional method. Among the preferred means is to separate theisomers of either the amide of formula VI or formula VII, where Y=P, orthe amine of formula I or formula VIII via either High PerformanceLiquid Chromatography (HPLC) or via Supercritical Fluid Chromatography.

The separation of R and S isomers can also be achieved by forming alower alkyl ester of phenylacetic acids of formula V. Any conventionalmethod for the formation of an ester from a carboxylic acid can beutilized. Separation is performed using an enzymatic ester hydrolysis ofany lower alkyl esters corresponding to the compound of formula V (See,for example, Ahmar, M.; Girard, C.; Bloch, R. Tetrahedron Lett, 1989,7053), which results in the formation of corresponding chiral acid andchiral ester. The ester and the acid can be separated by anyconventional method of separating an acid from an ester.

In other embodiments, the invention is directed to pharmaceuticalcompositions, comprising:

-   a. at least compound of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable    salt thereof; and-   b. at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.    Generally, the compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof will be present at a level of from about    0.1%, by weight, to about 90% by weight, based on the total weight    of the pharmaceutical composition, based on the total weight of the    pharmaceutical composition. Preferably, the compound of formula I or    a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof will be present at a    level of at least about 1%, by weight, based on the total weight of    the pharmaceutical composition. More preferably, the compound of    formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof will be    present at a level of at least about 5%, by weight, based on the    total weight of the pharmaceutical composition. Even more    preferably, the norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof will be present at a level    of at least about 10%, by weight, based on the total weight of the    pharmaceutical composition. Yet even more preferably, the compound    of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof will be    present at a level of at least about 25%, by weight, based on the    total weight of the pharmaceutical composition.

Such compositions are prepared in accordance with acceptablepharmaceutical procedures, such as described in Remington'sPharmaceutical Sciences, 17th edition, ed. Alfonoso R. Gennaro, MackPublishing Company, Easton, Pa. (1985). Pharmaceutically acceptablecarriers are those that are compatible with the other ingredients in theformulation and biologically acceptable.

The compounds of this invention may be administered orally orparenterally, neat or in combination with conventional pharmaceuticalcarriers. Applicable solid carriers can include one or more substancesthat may also act as flavoring agents, lubricants, solubilizers,suspending agents, fillers, glidants, compression aids, binders ortablet-disintegrating agents or an encapsulating material. In powders,the carrier is a finely divided solid that is in admixture with thefinely divided active ingredient. In tablets, the active ingredient ismixed with a carrier having the necessary compression properties insuitable proportions and compacted in the shape and size desired. Thepowders and tablets preferably contain up to 99% of the activeingredient. Suitable solid carriers include, for example, calciumphosphate, magnesium stearate, talc, sugars, lactose, dextrin, starch,gelatin, cellulose, methyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose,polyvinylpyrrolidine, low melting waxes and ion exchange resins.

Liquid carriers may be used in preparing solutions, suspensions,emulsions, syrups, and elixirs. The active ingredient of this inventioncan be dissolved or suspended in a pharmaceutically acceptable liquidcarrier such as water, an organic solvent, a mixture of both orpharmaceutically acceptable oils or fat. The liquid carrier can containother suitable pharmaceutical additives such as solubilizers,emulsifiers, buffers, preservatives, sweeteners, flavoring agents,suspending agents, thickening agents, colors, viscosity regulators,stabilizers, or osmo-regulators. Suitable examples of liquid carriersfor oral and parenteral administration include water (particularlycontaining additives as above, e.g. cellulose derivatives, preferablysodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution), alcohols (including monohydricalcohols and polyhydric alcohols e.g. glycols) and their derivatives,and oils (e.g. fractionated coconut oil and arachis oil). For parenteraladministration the carrier can also be an oily ester such as ethyloleate and isopropyl myristate. Sterile liquid carriers are used insterile liquid form compositions for parenteral administration.

Liquid pharmaceutical compositions, which are sterile solutions orsuspensions, can be administered by, for example, intramuscular,intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injection. Sterile solutions can also beadministered intravenously. Oral administration may be either liquid orsolid composition form.

Preferably the pharmaceutical composition is in unit dosage form, e.g.as tablets, capsules, powders, solutions, suspensions, emulsions,granules, or suppositories. In such form, the composition is sub-dividedin unit dose containing appropriate quantities of the active ingredient;the unit dosage forms can be packaged compositions, for example packetedpowders, vials, ampoules, prefilled syringes or sachets containingliquids. The unit dosage form can be, for example, a capsule or tabletitself, or it can be the appropriate number of any such compositions inpackage form.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the compounds useful inthe present invention may be administered to a mammal with one or moreother pharmaceutical active agents such as those agents being used totreat any other medical condition present in the mammal. Examples ofsuch pharmaceutical active agents include pain relieving agents,anti-angiogenic agents, anti-neoplastic agents, anti-diabetic agents,anti-infective agents, or gastrointestinal agents, or combinationsthereof.

The one or more other pharmaceutical active agents may be administeredin a therapeutically effective amount simultaneously (such asindividually at the same time, or together in a pharmaceuticalcomposition), and/or successively with one or more compounds of thepresent invention.

The term “combination therapy” refers to the administration of two ormore therapeutic agents or compounds to treat a therapeutic condition ordisorder described in the present disclosure, for example hot flush,sweating, thermoregulatory-related condition or disorder, or other. Suchadministration includes use of each type of therapeutic agent in aconcurrent manner. In either case, the treatment regimen will providebeneficial effects of the drug combination in treating the conditions ordisorders described herein.

The route of administration may be any route, which effectivelytransports the active compound of formula I to the appropriate ordesired site of action, such as oral, nasal, pulmonary, transdermal,such as passive or iontophoretic delivery, or parenteral, e.g. rectal,depot, subcutaneous, intravenous, intraurethral, intramuscular,intranasal, ophthalmic solution or an ointment. Furthermore, theadministration of compound of formula I with other active ingredientsmay be concurrent or simultaneous.

It is believed that the present invention described presents asubstantial breakthrough in the field of treatment, alleviation,inhibition, and/or prevention of conditions ameliorated by monoaminereuptake including, inter alia, vasomotor symptoms (VMS), sexualdysfunction, gastrointestinal and genitourinary disorders, chronicfatigue syndrome, fibromylagia syndrome, nervous system disorders, andcombinations thereof, particularly those conditions selected from thegroup consisting of major depressive disorder, vasomotor symptoms,stress and urge urinary incontinence, fibromyalgia, pain, diabeticneuropathy, and combinations thereof.

Accordingly, in one embodiment, the present invention is directed tomethods for treating or preventing a condition ameliorated by monoaminereuptake in a subject in need thereof, comprising the step of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of a compound        of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.        The conditions ameliorated by monoamine reuptake include those        selected from the group consisting of vasomotor symptoms, sexual        dysfunction, gastrointestinal and genitourinary disorders,        chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromylagia syndrome, nervous system        disorders, and combinations thereof, particularly those        conditions selected from the group consisting of major        depressive disorder, vasomotor symptoms, stress and urge urinary        incontinence, fibromyalgia, pain, diabetic neuropathy, and        combinations thereof.

“Vasomotor symptoms,” “vasomotor instability symptoms” and “vasomotordisturbances” include, but are not limited to, hot flushes (flashes),insomnia, sleep disturbances, mood disorders, irritability, excessiveperspiration, night sweats, fatigue, and the like, caused by, interalia, thermoregulatory dysfunction.

The term “hot flush” is an art-recognized term that refers to anepisodic disturbance in body temperature typically consisting of asudden skin flushing, usually accompanied by perspiration in a subject.

The term “sexual dysfunction” includes, but is not limited to, conditionrelating to desire and/or arousal.

As used herein, “gastrointestinal and genitourinary disorders” includesirritable bowel syndrome, symptomatic GERD, hypersensitive esophagus,nonulcer dyspepsia, noncardiac chest pain, biliary dyskinesia, sphincterof Oddi dysfunction, incontinence (i.e., urge incontinence, stressincontinence, genuine stress incontinence, and mixedincontinence)(including the involuntary voiding of feces or urine, anddribbling or leakage or feces or urine which may be due to one or morecauses including but not limited to pathology altering sphinctercontrol, loss of cognitive function, overdistention of the bladder,hyperreflexia and/or involuntary urethral relaxation, weakness of themuscles associated with the bladder or neurologic abnormalities),interstitial cystitis (irritable bladder), and chronic pelvic pain(including, but not limited to vulvodynia, prostatodynia, andproctalgia).

As used herein, “chronic fatigue syndrome” (CFS) is a conditioncharacterized by physiological symptoms selected from weakness, muscleaches and pains, excessive sleep, malaise, fever, sore throat, tenderlymph nodes, impaired memory and/or mental concentration, insomnia,disordered sleep, localized tenderness, diffuse pain and fatigue, andcombinations thereof.

As used herein, “fibromyalgia syndrome” (FMS) includes FMS and othersomatoform disorders, including FMS associated with depression,somatization disorder, conversion disorder, pain disorder,hypochondriasis, body dysmorphic disorder, undifferentiated somatoformdisorder, and somatoform NOS. FMS and other somatoform disorders areaccompanied by physiological symptoms selected from a generalizedheightened perception of sensory stimuli, abnormalities in painperception in the form of allodynia (pain with innocuous stimulation),abnormalities in pain perception in the form of hyperalgesia (increasedsensitivity to painful stimuli), and combinations thereof.

As used herein, “nervous system disorders,” includes addictive disorders(including those due to alcohol, nicotine, and other psychoactivesubstances) and withdrawal syndrome, age-associated learning and mentaldisorders (including Alzheimer's disease), anorexia nervosa, bulimianervosa, attention-deficit disorder with or without hyperactivitydisorder bipolar disorder, pain (including chronic pain selected fromthe group consisting of lower back pain, a typical chest pain, headachesuch as cluster headache, migraine, herpes neuralgia, phantom limb pain,pelvic pain, myofascial face pain, abdominal pain, neck pain, centralpain, dental pain, opioid resistant pain, visceral pain, surgical pain,bone injury pain, pain during labor and delivery, pain resulting fromburns, post partum pain, angina pain, neuropathic pain such asperipheral neuropathy and diabetic neuropathy, post-operative pain, andpain which is co-morbid with nervous system disorders described herein),cyclothymic disorder, depression disorder (including major depressivedisorder, refractory depression adolescent depression and minordepression), dysthymic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD),obesity (i.e., reducing the weight of obese or overweight patients),obsessive compulsive disorders and related spectrum disorders,oppositional defiant disorder, panic disorder, post-traumatic stressdisorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder (i.e., premenstrual syndromeand late luteal phase dysphoric disorder), psychotic disorders(including schizophrenia, schizoaffective and schizophreniformdisorders), seasonal affective disorder, sleep disorders (such asnarcolepsy and enuresis), social phobia (including social anxietydisorder), selective serotonin reuptake inhibition (SSRI) “poop out”syndrome (i.e., wherein a patient who fails to maintain a satisfactoryresponse to SSRI therapy after an initial period of satisfactoryresponse).

In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to methods fortreating or preventing vasomotor symptoms in a subject in need thereof,comprising the step of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of at least        one compound of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt        thereof.

When estrogen levels are low or estrogen is absent, the normal levelsbetween NE and 5-HT is altered and this altered change inneurotransmitter levels may result in changes in the sensitivity of thethermoregulatory center. The altered chemical levels may be translatedin the thermoregulatory center as heat sensation and as a response, thehypothalamus may activate the descending autonomic pathways and resultin heat dissipation via vasodilation and sweating (hot flush) (FIG. 1).Accordingly, the estrogen deprivation may result in alterednorepinephrine activity.

Norepinephrine synthesized in perikarya of the brainstem is released atthe nerve terminals in the hypothalamus and brainstem. In thehypothalamus, NE regulates the activity of neurons residing in thethermoregulatory center. In the brainstem, NE innervates serotoninergicneurons (5HT), and acting via adrenergic_(α1) and adrenergic_(α2)postsynaptic receptors, it stimulates the activity of the serotoninergicsystem. In response, 5-HT neurons also modulate the activity thethermoregulatory center and feedback to NE neurons. Via this feedbackconnection, 5-HT, acting via 5-HT_(2a) receptors, inhibit the activityof NE neurons. Norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft is also taken up byNE transporter (NET) located in NE neurons. The transporter recycles NEand makes it available for multiple neurotransmission (FIG. 2).

The present invention provides a treatment for vasomotor symptoms bymethods of recovering the reduced activity of norepinephrine.Norepinephrine activity in the hypothalamus or in the brainstem can beelevated by (i) blocking the activity of the NE transporter, (ii)blocking the activity of the presynaptic adrenergic_(α2) receptor withan antagonist, or (iii) blocking the activity of 5-HT on NE neurons witha 5-HT_(2a) antagonist.

In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to methods fortreating or preventing a depression disorder in a subject in needthereof, comprising the step of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of at least        one compound of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt        thereof.

In yet other embodiments, the present invention is directed to methodsfor treating or preventing sexual dysfunction in a subject in needthereof, comprising the step of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of at least        one compound of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt        thereof.

In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to methods fortreating or preventing gastrointestinal or genitourinary disorder,particularly stress incontinence or urge urinary incontinence, in asubject in need thereof, comprising the step of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of a compound        of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to methods fortreating or preventing chronic fatigue syndrome in a subject in needthereof, comprising the step of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of a compound        of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to methods fortreating or preventing fibromylagia syndrome in a subject in needthereof, comprising the step of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of a compound        of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In further embodiments, the present invention is directed to methods fortreating or preventing pain in a subject in need thereof, comprising thestep of:

-   -   administering to said subject an effective amount of at least        one compound of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt        thereof.

The pain may be, for example, acute pain (short duration) or chronicpain (regularly reoccurring or persistent). The pain may also becentralized or peripheral.

Examples of pain that can be acute or chronic and that can be treated inaccordance with the methods of the present invention includeinflammatory pain, musculoskeletal pain, bony pain, lumbosacral pain,neck or upper back pain, visceral pain, somatic pain, neuropathic pain,cancer pain, pain caused by injury or surgery such as burn pain ordental pain, or headaches such as migraines or tension headaches, orcombinations of these pains. One skilled in the art will recognize thatthese pains may overlap one another. For example, a pain caused byinflammation may also be visceral or musculoskeletal in nature.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the compounds usefulin the present invention are administered in mammals to treat chronicpain such as neuropathic pain associated for example with damage to orpathological changes in the peripheral or central nervous systems;cancer pain; visceral pain associated with for example the abdominal,pelvic, and/or perineal regions or pancreatitis; musculoskeletal painassociated with for example the lower or upper back, spine,fibromylagia, temporomandibular joint, or myofascial pain syndrome; bonypain associated with for example bone or joint degenerating disorderssuch as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or spinal stenosis;headaches such migraine or tension headaches; or pain associated withinfections such as HIV, sickle cell, anemia, autoimmune disorders,multiple sclerosis, or inflammation such as osteoarthritis or rheumatoidarthritis.

In a more preferred embodiment, the compounds useful in this inventionare used to treat chronic pain that is neuropathic pain, visceral pain,musculoskeletal pain, bony pain, cancer pain or inflammatory pain orcombinations thereof, in accordance with the methods described herein.Inflammatory pain can be associated with a variety of medical conditionssuch as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, surgery, or injury.Neuropathic pain may be associated with for example diabetic neuropathy,peripheral neuropathy, post-herpetic neuralgia, trigeminal neuralgia,lumbar or cervical radiculopathies, fibromyalgia, glossopharyngealneuralgia, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, casualgia, thalamic syndrome,nerve root avulsion, or nerve damage cause by injury resulting inperipheral and/or central sensitization such as phantom limb pain,reflex sympathetic dystrophy or postthoracotomy pain, cancer, chemicalinjury, toxins, nutritional deficiencies, or viral or bacterialinfections such as shingles or HIV, or combinations thereof. The methodsof use for compounds of this invention further include treatments inwhich the neuropathic pain is a condition secondary to metastaticinfiltration, adiposis dolorosa, burns, or central pain conditionsrelated to thalamic conditions.

As mentioned previously, the methods of the present invention may beused to treat pain that is somatic and/or visceral in nature. Forexample, somatic pain that can be treated in accordance with the methodsof the present invention include pains associated with structural orsoft tissue injury experienced during surgery, dental procedures, burns,or traumatic body injuries. Examples of visceral pain that can betreated in accordance with the methods of the present invention includethose types of pain associated with or resulting from maladies of theinternal organs such as ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome,irritable bladder, Crohn's disease, rheumatologic (arthralgias), tumors,gastritis, pancreatitis, infections of the organs, or biliary tractdisorders, or combinations thereof. One skilled in the art will alsorecognize that the pain treated according to the methods of the presentinvention may also be related to conditions of hyperalgesia, allodynia,or both. Additionally, the chronic pain may be with or withoutperipheral or central sensitization.

The compounds useful in this invention may also be used to treat acuteand/or chronic pains associated with female conditions, which may alsobe referred to as female-specific pain. Such groups of pain includethose that are encountered solely or predominately by females, includingpain associated with menstruation, ovulation, pregnancy or childbirth,miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, retrograde menstruation, rupture of afollicular or corpus luteum cyst, irritation of the pelvic viscera,uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, endometriosis, infection andinflammation, pelvic organ ischemia, obstruction, intra-abdominaladhesions, anatomic distortion of the pelvic viscera, ovarian abscess,loss of pelvic support, tumors, pelvic congestion or referred pain fromnon-gynecological causes.

EXAMPLES

The present invention is further defined in the following Examples, inwhich all parts and percentages are by weight and degrees are Celsius,unless otherwise stated. It should be understood that these examples,while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given byway of illustration only. From the above discussion and these examples,one skilled in the art can ascertain the essential characteristics ofthis invention, and without departing from the spirit and scope thereof,can make various changes and modifications of the invention to adapt itto various usages and conditions.

Reference Example 1-a Aldol Reaction: Preparation of Acid Intermediates

A solution of diisopropylamine (7.87 mL, 56.2 mmol) in drytetrahydrofuran (50 mL) under nitrogen was cooled to −78° C. and treateddropwise with a solution of n-butyllithium (2.5 M in hexanes, 22 mL,55.0 mmol). The resulting solution was warmed to 0° C. and stirred for15 min. The solution was re-cooled to −78° C. and treated, via cannula,with a solution of 3-chlorophenylacetic acid (4.0 g, 23.4 mmol) intetrahydrofuran (20 mL). The reaction was then allowed to warm to 25° C.where it was stirred for 45 minutes and was then re-cooled to −78° C. Asolution of cyclohexanone (3.65 mL, 35.3 mL) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL)was then added via cannula, and the resulting mixture was stirred at−78° C. for 1.5 h. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of asaturated aqueous solution of ammonium chloride, and the tetrahydrofuranwas removed in vacuo. The resulting residue was dissolved in a 2Naqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (30 mL) and washed with ethylacetate (1×30 mL). The aqueous layer was then acidified to pH=1 with theaddition of a 2 N aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid. The product wasextracted with ethyl acetate (3×30 mL), and the combined organicextracts were dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo toyield 6.05 g (96%) of pure (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)aceticacid as a white solid. HRMS: calcd for C₁₄H₁₇ClO₃, 268.0866; found(ESI_FT), 291.0748.

-   b) In an analogous manner,    (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid was prepared from    3-bromophenylacetic acid and cyclohexanone. HRMS: calcd for    C₁₄H₁₇BrO₃, 312.0361; found (ESI_FT), 350.99924.-   c) In an analogous manner, (1-hydroxycyclobutyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic    acid was prepared from 2-napthylacetic acid and cyclobutanone. HRMS:    calcd for C₁₆H₁₆O₃, 256.1099; found (ESI_FT), 279.09927.-   d) In an analogous manner,    3,4-dichloro-alpha-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)benzeneacetic acid was    prepared from 3,4-dichlorophenylacetic acid and cyclohexanone. MS    (ESI) m/z 301/303/305 ([M−H]⁻); Anal. Calcd for C₁₄H₁₆Cl₂O₃: C,    55.46; H, 5.32; N, 0.00. Found: C, 55.42; H, 5.30; N, 0.00.-   e) In an analogous manner, (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetic    acid was prepared from 1-napthylacetic acid and cyclohexanone. MS    (ESI) m/z 283 ([M-H]⁻); HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₀O₃, 284.1412; found    (ESI_FT), 307.13001.-   f) In an analogous manner,    (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid was    prepared from 3-trifluoromethoxyphenylacetic acid and cyclohexanone.

HRMS: calcd for C₁₅H₁₇F₃O₄, 318.1079; found (ESI), 317.1013.

-   g) In an analogous manner,    (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid was    prepared from 4-trifluoromethoxyphenylacetic acid and cyclohexanone.

MS (ESI) m/z 317 ([M−H]⁻).

-   h) In an analogous manner,    (4-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid was prepared from    4-bromophenylacetic acid and cyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z 313/315    ([M+H]⁺); Anal. Calcd for C₁₄H₁₇BrO₃: C, 53.69; H, 5.47; N, 0.00.    Found: C, 53.87; H, 5.42; N, 0.00.-   i) In an analogous manner,    (3.4-dichlorophenyl)(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetic acid    was prepared from 3,4-dichlorophenylacetic acid and    1-methyl-4-piperidone.

HRMS: calcd for C₁₄H₁₇Cl₂NO₃ HCl, 353.0352; found (ESI_FT), 318.0653.

-   j) In an analogous manner,    (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetic acid was prepared from    3-bromophenylacetic acid and cyclobutanone. HRMS: calcd for    C₁₂H₁₃BrO₃, 284.0048; found (ESI_FT), 306.99337.-   k) In an analogous manner,    (1-hydroxycyclobutyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid was    prepared from 3-trifluoromethoxyphenylacetic acid and cyclobutanone.

HRMS: calcd for C₁₃H₁₃F₃O₄, 290.0766; found (ESI), 289.0686.

-   l) In an analogous manner,    (3-bromo-4-methoxyyhenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid was    prepared from 3-bromo-4-methoxyphenylacetic acid and cyclohexanone.    MS (ESI) m/z 341/343 ([M−H]⁻); HRMS: calcd for C₁₅H₁₉BrO₄, 342.0467;    found (ESI_FT), 341.03897.-   m) In an analogous manner,    (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetic acid was    prepared from 3-trifluoromethylphenylacetic acid and cyclohexanone.

MS (ESI) rr/z 301 ([M−H]⁻); HRMS: calcd for C₁₅H₁₇F₃O₃, 302.1130; found(ESI_FT), 325.1024.

-   n) In an analogous manner,    (4-benzyloxyyhenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid was prepared    from 4-benzyloxyphenylacetic acid and cyclohexanone.-   o) In an analogous manner, (1-hydroxycyclobutyl)(1-naphthyl)acetic    acid was prepared from 1-napthylacetic acid and cyclobutanone.-   p) In an analogous manner,    (3,4-dichlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetic acid was prepared    from 3,4-dichlorophenylacetic acid and cyclobutanone. HRMS: calcd    for C₁₂H₁₂Cl₂O₃, 274.0163; found (ESI_FT), 273.00881.-   q) In an analogous manner, (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic    acid was prepared from 2-napthylacetic acid and cyclohexanone. HRMS:    calcd for C₁₈H₂₀O₃, 284.1412; found (ESI_FT), 323.10414.-   r) In an analogous manner,    (3-bromophenyl)(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetic acid was    prepared from 3-bromophenylacetic acid and 1-methyl-4-piperidone.    HRMS: calcd for C₁₄H₁₈BrNO₃ HCl, 363.0237; found (ESI_FT),    328.05356.-   s) In an analogous manner, (1-hydroxacyclopentyl)(1-naphthyl)acetic    acid was prepared from 1-napthylacetic acid and cyclopentanone. MS    (ESI) m/z 269 ([M-H]⁻); HRMS: calcd for C₁₇H₁₈O₃, 270.1256; found    (ESI_FT), 293.11485.-   t) In an analogous manner,    2-(3-bromophenyl)-3-ethyl-3-hydroxyyentanoic acid was prepared from    3-bromophenylacetic acid and 3-pentanone. MS (ESI) m/z 299/301    ([M−H]⁻); HRMS: calcd for C₁₃H₁₇BrO₃, 300.0361; found (ESI_FT),    323.02505.-   u) In an analogous manner,    2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-propylhexanoic acid was prepared from    3-bromophenylacetic acid and 4-heptanone. MS (ESI) m/z 283/285    ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₅H₂₁ClO₃, 284.1179; found (ESI_FT),    307.1074.-   v) In an analogous manner,    2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-ethyl-3-hydroxylentanoic acid was prepared from    3-chlorophenylacetic acid and 3-pentanone. MS (ESI) m/z 255/257    ([M+H]⁺).-   w) In an analogous manner, 3-ethyl-3-hydroxy-2-(1-naphthyl)pentanoic    acid was prepared from 1-napthylacetic acid and 3-pentanone. MS    (ESI) m/z 271 ([M−H]⁻).-   x) In an analogous manner,    (4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid was    prepared from 2-napthylacetic acid and 1-methyl-4-piperidone. HRMS:    calcd for C₁₈H₂₁NO₃, 299.1521; found (ESI_FT), 300.15911.-   y) In an analogous manner,    2-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentanoic acid was    prepared from 3-bromo-4-methoxyphenylacetic acid and 3-pentanone. MS    (ESI) m/z 329/331 ([M+H]⁺).-   z) In an analogous manner,    (4-benzyloxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetic acid was prepared    from 4-benzyloxyphenylacetic acid and cyclobutanone.-   aa) In an analogous manner,    (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxydecahydronapthyl)acetic acid was prepared    from 3-chlorophenylacetic acid and decahydronapthlene-1-one. MS    (ESI) m/z 321/323 ([M−H]⁻).-   bb) In an analogous manner,    (3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic    acid was prepared from 3-bromo-4-methoxyphenylacetic acid and    4-tert-butylcyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z 397/399 ([M−H]⁻); HRMS:    calcd for C₁₉H₂₇BrO₄, 398.1093; found (ESI_FT), 421.09875.-   cc) In an analogous manner,    (3-chlorophenyl)(2-hydroxydecahydronapthyl)acetic acid was prepared    from 3-chlorophenylacetic acid and decahydronapthlene-2-one. MS    (ESI) m/z 321/323 ([M−H]⁻).-   dd) In an analogous manner,    (4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetic acid was    prepared from 1-napthylacetic acid and 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone. MS    (ESI) m/z 339 ([M−H]⁻); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₂₈O₃, 340.2038; found    (ESI_FT), 363.19309.-   ee) In an analogous manner,    (3-chlorophenyl)(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetic acid was    prepared from 3-chlorophenylacetic acid and    tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-one. MS (ESI) m/z 269 ([M−H]⁻); HRMS: calcd    for C₁₃H₁₅ClO₄, 270.0659; found (ESI_FT), 293.05499.-   ff) In an analogous manner,    (3-bromophenyl)(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid was    prepared from 3-bromophenylacetic acid and    4-tert-butylcyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z 367/369 ([M−H]⁻); HRMS:    calcd for C₁₈H₂₅BrO₃, 368.0987; found (ESI_FT), 391.0878.-   gg) In an analogous manner,    2-(3-bromophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-propylhexanoic acid was prepared from    3-bromophenylacetic acid and 4-heptanone. MS (ESI) m/z 327/329    ([M+H]⁺).-   hh) In an analogous manner,    2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3,3-dicyclopropyl-3-hydroxypropanoic acid was    prepared from 3-chlorophenylacetic acid and dicyclopropyl ketone. MS    (ESI) m/z 279.0801 ([M−H]⁻); HRMS: calcd for C₁₅H₁₇ClO₃, 280.0866;    found (ESI), 279.0801; Anal. Calcd for C₁₅H₁₇ClO₃: C, 64.17; H,    6.10; N, 0.00. Found: C, 64.05; H, 6.31; N, 0.00.-   ii) In an analogous manner,    (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxy-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl)acetic acid    was prepared from 3-bromophenylacetic acid and    3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z 367/369 ([M−H]⁻).-   jj) In an analogous manner,    (4-ethyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-(1-naphthyl) acetic acid was prepared    from 1-napthylacetic acid and 4-ethylcyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z 311    ([M−H]⁻).-   kk) In an analogous manner,    (3-chlorophenyl)(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid was    prepared from 3-chlorophenylacetic acid and    4-tert-butylcyclohexanone.-   ii) In an analogous manner,    (4-methyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-(1-naphthyl) acetic acid was prepared    from 1-napthylacetic acid and 4-methylcyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z    297 ([M−H]⁻).-   mm) In an analogous manner,    (3-bromophenyl)(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetic acid was    prepared from 3-bromophenylacetic acid and    tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-one. MS (ESI) m/z 313/315 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS:    calcd for C₁₃H₁₅BrO₄, 314.0154; found (ESI_FT), 315.02244.-   nn) In an analogous manner,    (3-benzyloxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid was prepared    from 3-benzyloxyphenylacetic acid and cyclohexanone.-   oo) In an analogous manner,    (3-bromophenyl)(2-hydroxy-2-adamantyl)acetic acid was prepared from    3-bromophenylacetic acid and adamantanone. MS (ESI) m/z 363/365    ([M−H]⁻).-   pp) In an analogous manner,    (3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-Pyran-4-yl)acetic    acid was prepared from 3-bromo-4-methoxyphenylacetic acid and    tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-one. MS (ESI) m/z 343/345 ([M−H]⁻); HRMS:    calcd for C₁₄H₁₇BrO₅, 344.0259; found (ESI_FT), 367.01582.-   qq) In an analogous manner,    (3-benzyloxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetic acid was prepared    from 3-benzyloxyphenylacetic acid and cyclobutanone.-   rr) In an analogous manner,    (5-chlorothien-2-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid was prepared    from 5-chloro-2-thiophene-3-acetic acid (Example 142) and    cyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z 273/275 ([M−H]−).-   ss) In an analogous manner,    (5-bromothien-2-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid was prepared    from 5-bromo-2-thiophene acetic acid (Example 143) and    cyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z 317/319 ([M+H]+)-   tt) In an analogous manner,    1-benzothien-3-yl(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid was prepared from    1-benzothien-3-yl acetic acid and cyclohexanol. MS (ESI) m/z 289    ([M−H]−)-   uu) In an analogous manner,    (2-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid was prepared from    2-bromophenylacetic acid and cyclohexanol. MS (ESI) m/z 311/313    ([M−H]−)-   vv) In an analogous manner,    (4-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid was prepared from    4-bromophenylacetic acid and cyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z 313/315    ([M+H]⁺); Anal. Calcd for C₁₄H₁₇BrO₃: C, 53.69; H, 5.47; N, 0.00.    Found: C, 53.87; H, 5.42; N, 0.00.-   ww) In an analogous manner,    (4-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetic acid was prepared from    4-bromophenylacetic acid and cyclobutanone.-   xx) In an analogous manner, (1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)    (1-hydroxycylclohexyl) acetic acid was prepared from    N-Methyl-3-indole acetic acid and cyclohexanone.-   yy) In an analogous manner,    (1-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silanyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)    (1-hydroxycylclohexyl) acetic acid was prepared from    [1-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silanyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]-acetic acid¹ and    cyclohexanone.-   zz) In an analogous manner,    (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)acetic acid was prepared    from 4-biphenylacetic acid and cyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z 309    ([M-H]−)-   aaa) In an analogous manner    (1-hydoxycyclobutyl)[4-trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid was    prepared from 4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl acetic acid and    cyclobutanone.

MS (ESI) m/z 289 ([M−H]⁻).

-   bbb) In an analogous manner    (1-hydoxycyclohexyl)[4-phenoxyphenyl]acetic acid was prepared from    4-phenoxyphenylacetic acid and cyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z 325    ([M−H]⁻).-   ccc) In an analogous manner    (1-hydoxycyclohexyl)[3-phenoxyphenyl]acetic acid was prepared from    3-phenoxyphenylacetic acid and cyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z 325    ([M−H]⁻). Anal. Calcd for C₂₀H₂₂O₄0.1H₂O: C, 73.19; H, 6.82. Found:    C, 73.04; H, 6.88.-   ddd) In an analogous manner, (1-naphthyl)(1-hydroxycyclooctyl)acetic    acid was prepared from 1-naphthyl acetic acid acid and    cyclooctanone.-   eee) In an analogous manner,    [4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid was    prepared from [4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]acetic acid (DE 2556474,    1976, M. Kucher; B. Brunova; J. Grimova; N. Oldrich) and    cyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z 373;-   fff) In an analogous manner,    (1-naphthyl)(1-hydroxycycloheptyl)acetic acid was prepared from    1-napthylacetic acid and cycloheptanone.-   ggg) In an analogous manner,    2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid was prepared from    3-chlorophenylacetic acid and acetone. MS (ES) m/z 226.9.-   hhh) In an analogous manner,    (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxy-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl)acetic acid    was prepared from 3-chlorophenylacetic acid and    3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexanone. MS (ES) m/z 323.2.-   iii) In an analogous manner,    (1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-(5-methoxy-benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)-acetic acid    was prepared from 5-methoxy benzo[b]thiophene acetic acid    (Campaigne, E.; Kim, C. S.; Pinza, M.; Pifferi, G. J. Heterocyclic    Chem. 1983, 20, 1697-1703) and cyclohexanone. HRMS: calcd for    C₁₅H₁₇F₃O₄, 318.1079; found (ESI), 317.1013.-   jjj) In an analogous manner,    (2-hydroxydecahydronapthyl)(1-napthyl)acetic acid was prepared from    1-napthylacetic acid and decahydronapthlene-2-one. MS (ESI) m/z 337    ([M−H]⁻).-   kkk) In an analogous manner,    (3-chlorophenyl)(4-methyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl) acetic acid was    prepared from 3-chlorophenylacetic acid and 4-methylcyclohexanone.

MS (ESI) m/z 281/283 ([M−H]⁻).

-   iii) Step 1: A mixture of 4-(chloromethyl)dibenzyl (0.92 g, 4 mmol)    and potassium cyanide (0.039 g, 6 mmol) in N,N′-dimethylformamide    (20 mL) was heated at 80° C. for 16 hours. At the end of this time    the solution was poured into water and extracted 2 times with ethyl    acetate. The extracts were combined and filtered through a plug of    silica gel. The filtrate was concentrated to yield    4-(phenethylphenyl)acetonitrile as an oil which was used in the next    step without further purification.    -   Step 2: 4-(Phenethylphenyl)acetonitrile from the above reaction        was treated with a 6 N aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid (10        mL) and heated at 95° C. for 4 h. The reaction was cooled to        0° C. and solid potassium hydroxide was added until pH 14 was        achieved. The solution was washed twice with diethyl ether and        the resulting aqueous layer was then acidified to pH 1 with        concentrated hydrochloric acid. The product was extracted with        diethyl ether (2×50 mL) and the combined ethereal extracts were        dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated. Trituration with        hexane and fitration of the resulting solid afforded 0.64 g of        4-(2-phenylethyl)phenyl]acetic acid as an off white solid. MS        (ESI) m/z 239.    -   Step 3: In an analogous manner (as Reference Example I-a),        (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(2-phenylethyl)phenyl]acetic acid was        prepared from [4-(2-phenylethyl)phenyl]acetic acid and        cyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z 337.-   mmm) Step 1: 3-Fluoro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (0.85 g, 3.62 mmol)    and of benzyl bromide (1.30 g, 7.60 mmol) were added to a flask    containing N,N′-dimethylformamide (20 mL). Potassium carbonate (1.25    g, 9.00 mmol) was then added, and the solution was heated at 50° C.    for 4 hours. A 2 N aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (10 mL) was    added and heating was maintained for an additional 16 hours. At the    end of this time the solution was poured into water and washed twice    with diethyl ether. The ethereal extracts were discarded and the    aqueous layer was acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid    until pH 1 was achieved. The product was then extracted with diethyl    ether (2×50 mL). The combined ethereal layers were dried over    magnesium sulfate and concentrated to afford 0.95 g of    4-benzyloxy-3-fluoroihenylacetic acid which was used as such in the    next step. MS (ESI) m/z 325.    -   Step 2: In an analogous manner (as Reference Example I-a),        [4-(benzyloxy)-3-fluorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid        was prepared from [4-(benzyloxy)-3-fluorophenyl]acetic acid and        cyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z 357.-   nnn) In an analogous manner,    [4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid was    prepared from [4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl] acetic acid and    cyclohexanone. MS (ES) m/z 369.0.-   ooo) Step 1: In an analogous manner to Reference Example I-mmm, step    1 {3-chloro-4-[(3-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}acetic acid was prepared    from {3-chloro-4-hydroxy-phenyl) acetic acid and 3-methoxybenzyl    chloride.    -   Step 2: In an analogous manner (as Reference Example I-a),        [3-chloro-4-(3-methoxy-benzyloxy)-phenyl(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)acetic        acid was from {3-chloro-4-[(3-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}acetic        acid and cyclohexanone.-   ppp) Step 1: In an analogous manner to Reference Example I-mmm, step    1 {3-chloro-4-[(2-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}acetic acid was prepared    from {3-chloro-4-hydroxy-phenyl) acetic acid and 2-methoxybenzyl    chloride MS (ES) m/z 304.9.    -   Step 2: In an analogous manner (as Reference Example I-a),        [3-chloro-4-(2-methoxy-benzyloxy)-phenyl]-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-acetic        acid was from {3-chloro-4-[(2-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}acetic        acid and cyclohexanone.-   qqq) In an analogous manner,    [(3R)-1-hydroxy-3-methylcyclopentyl[]3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic    acid was prepared from (3-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-acetic acid and    3(R)-methyl-cyclopentanone.-   rrr) In an analogous manner,    (1-hydroxy-2.2-dimethyl-cyclopentyl)-(3-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-acetic    acid was prepared from (3-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-acetic acid and    2,2-dimethyl-cyclopentanone.-   sss) In an analogous manner,    (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)acetic acid was prepared    from (6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)acetic acid (Harrison, Ian Thomas; Lewis,    Brian; Nelson, Peter; Rooks, Wendell; Roszkowski, Adolph; Tomolonis,    Albert; Fried, John H. J. Med. Chem. 1970, 13, 203-5) and    cyclohexanone. MS (ES) m/z 313.0; HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₂O₄+H+,    315.15909; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 315.159.-   ttt) In an analogous manner, (3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-1    (1-hydroxycyclohexyl) acetic acid was prepared from    (3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid and cyclohexanone. MS(ESI) m/z    297 ([M−H]⁻).-   uuu) In an analogous manner,    (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-(4-phenethyloxyphenyl) acetic acid was    prepared from (4-phenethyloxyphenyl) acetic acid and cyclohexanone.    MS(ESI) m/z 353 ([M−H]−).-   vvv) Step 1: In an analogous manner to Reference Example I-mmm, step    1 {4-[2-(4-fluoro-Phenyl)-ethoxy]-phenyl}-acetic acid was prepared    from (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid and 2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl    bromide. MS(ESI) m/z 273 ([M−H]⁻).    -   Step 2: In an analogous manner (as Reference Example I-a),        {4-[2-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-ethoxy]-phenyl}-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-acetic        acid was prepared from        {4-[2-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-ethoxy]-phenyl}-acetic acid and        cyclohexanone. MS(ESI) m/z 371 ([M−H]⁻)-   www) Step 1: In an analogous manner to Reference Example I-mmm, step    1 r4-(2-naphthalen-1-yl-ethoxy)-phenyl]-acetic acid was prepared    from (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid and 1-(2-bromoethyl)napthalene.    MS(ESI) m/z 305 ([M−H]⁻).    -   Step 2: In an analogous manner (as Reference Example I-a),        (1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-[4-(2-naphthalen-1-yl-ethoxy)-phenyl]-acetic        acid was prepared from        [4-(2-naphthalen-1-yl-ethoxy)-phenyl]-acetic acid and        cyclohexanone. MS(ESI) m/z 403 ([M−H]⁻)-   xxx) Step 1: In an analogous manner to Reference Example I-mmm, step    1 {4-[2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-ethoxy]-phenyl}-acetic acid was prepared    from (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid and 4-(2-chloroethyl)anisole.    MS(ESI) m/z 273 ([M−H]⁻).    -   Step 2: In an analogous manner (as Reference Example I-a),        (1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-{4-[2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-ethoxy]-phenyl}-acetic        acid was prepared from        {4-[2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-ethoxy]-phenyl}-acetic acid and        cyclohexanone. MS(ESI) m/z 383 ([M−H]⁻)-   yyy) Step 1: In an analogous manner to Reference Example I-mmm, step    1 (4-cyclohexylmethoxy-phenyl)-acetic acid was prepared from    (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid and cyclomethyl bromide. MS(ESI) m/z    247 ([M−H]⁻).    -   Step 2: In an analogous manner (as Reference Example I-a),        (4-cyclohexylmethoxy-phenyl)-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-acetic acid        was prepared from (4-cyclohexylmethoxy-phenyl)-acetic acid and        cyclohexanone. MS(ESI) m/z 345 ([M−H]⁻)-   zzz) Step 1: To a stirred solution of (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid    methyl ester (0.33 g, 0.002 mole), S-(−)-sec-phenethyl alcohol (0.24    g, 0.002 mole) and triphenylphosphine (0.52 g, 0.002 mole) in    anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (6 mL) was added dropwise over 15 minutes    diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (0.40 g, 0.002 mole) in tetrahydrofuran    (16 mL). The reaction solution was stirred for 1 h at room    temperature and was then evaporated to dryness in vacuo. To the    residue was added methanol (12 mL) and sodium hydroxide (0.44 g,    0.011 mole), and the reaction solution was stirred under reflux for    1 h. The methanol was then removed in vacuo, and to the residue was    added 12 mL of water. After stirring for 1 h, the precipitated    triphenylphosphine oxide was removed by suction filtration. The    aqueous filtrate was extracted with 25 mL of ethyl acetate. The    ethyl acetate phase was discarded and the aqueous phase was    acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid giving the solid    product 4-((1R)-1-phenylethoxyrhenyl)acetic acid. MS(ESI) m/z 253    ([M−H]⁻).    -   Step 2: In an analogous manner (as Reference Example I-a), (1        hydroxycyclohexyl)-4-((1R)-1-phenylethoxyphenyl)acetic acid was        prepared from 4-((1R)-1-phenylethoxyphenyl)acetic acid and        cyclohexanone. MS(ESI) m/z 353 ([M−H]⁻)-   aaaa) Step 1: In an analogous manner to Reference Example I-zzz,    step 1 4 ((1S)-1-phenylethoxyphenyl)acetic acid was prepared from    (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid and R-(+)-sec-phenethyl alcohol.    MS(ESI) m/z 253 ([M−H]⁻).    -   Step 2: In an analogous manner (as Reference Example I-a),        (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-4-((1S)-1-phenylethoxyphenyl)acetic acid        was prepared from 4-((1S)-1-phenylethoxyphenyl)acetic acid and        cyclohexanone. MS(ESI) m/z 353 ([M−H]⁻)

Example 1 1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

Step 1: A solution of (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-a) (5.4 g, 20.1 mmol),benzotriazol-1-yloxytris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate(14.22 g, 32.15 mmol), and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate (5.99 g,32.15 mmol) in methylene chloride (20 mL) was treated with triethylamine(8.4 mL, 60.3 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 25° C. for 16 h, afterwhich time the solvent was removed in vacuo and the product was purifiedvia Biotage Horizon (FLASH 40 M, silica, gradient from 0% EtOAc/hexaneto 30% EtOAc/hexane) to yield 7.10 g (81%) tert-butyl4-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateas a white foam. HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₃ClN₂O₄, 436.2129; found (ESI_FT),437.21996.

Step 2: A solution of4-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(200 mg, 0.46 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (3 mL) under nitrogen wastreated dropwise with a solution of borane (1.0 M in tetrahydrofuran,1.60 mL, 1.60 mmol). The resulting solution was heated at 70° C. for 2h, after which time the reaction was cooled in an ice bath and wastreated dropwise with a 2N aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid (1 mL).The reaction was again heated at 70° C. for 1 h, and was then cooled andtreated with methanol (1 mL). After the solvent was removed in vacuo,the resulting residue was dissolved in water (5 mL) and was washed withethyl acetate (1×4 mL). The aqueous layer was basified with the additionof a 2 N aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide until the pH=10. Theproduct was extracted with ethyl acetate (4×5 mL) and the combinedorganic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated invacuo to yield 146 mg (99%)1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol as a colorlessoil. HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₇ClN₂O, 322.1812; found (ESI_FT), 323.18977.1-[1-(3-Chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (146 mg) wasdissolved in methanol (0.5 mL) and treated with a saturated methanolicsolution of hydrochloric acid (0.5 mL) followed by diethyl ether. Aftercrystallizing in the refrigerator for 16 h, the resulting solid wascollected, washed with diethyl ether and dried in vacuo to yield 110 mg(60%) 1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride as a white solid. MS (ESI) m/z 323/325 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS:calcd for C₁₈H₂₇ClN₂O.2.00 HCl, 394.1345; found (ESI_FT), 323.18831.

Example 21-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-a) and N-(4-piperidine)piperidine.

MS (ESI) m/z 4191421 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₅ClN₂O₂, 418.2387;found (ESI), 419.2451.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol.MS (ESI) m/z 405/407 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₇ClN₂O.2.00 HCl,476.2128; found (ESI), 405.2664.

Example 31-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-a) and 4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)piperidine.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloridewas prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol.MS (ESI) m/z 391/393 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₅ClN₂O.2.00 HCl,462.1971; found (ESI), 391.2497.

Example 41-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3-bromophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[2-(1.4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-b) and N-(4-piperidine)piperidine.

MS (ESI) m/z 463 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₅BrN₂O₂, 462.1882; found(ESI), 463.1975.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(1.4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3-bromophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol.MS m/z 449/451 ([M+H]⁺);

HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₇BrN₂O.2.00 HCl, 520.1623; found (ESI), 449.2149.

Example 5 1-[1-(2-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate wasprepared from (1-hydroxycyclobutyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-c) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.

HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₂N₂O₄, 424.2362; found (ESI_FT), 425.24337.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(2-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanol dihyrochloride wasprepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₆N₂O.2.00 HCl, 382.1579; found (ESI_FT), 311.21184.

Example 61-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from 3,4-dichloro-alpha-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)benzeneaceticacid (Reference Example 1-d) and N-(4-piperidine)piperidine.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol.MS m/z 439/441/443 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₆Cl₂N₂O.2.00 HCl,510.1738; found (ESI), 439.2267.

Example 71-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-oxo-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-b) and 4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)piperidine.

MS (ESI) m/z 449 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₃BrN₂O₂, 448.1725; found(ESI), 449.1789.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-oxo-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol.MS m/Z 435/437 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₅BrN₂O.2.00 HCl, 506.1466;found (ESI), 435.2021.

Example 81-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)aceticacid (Reference Example 1-l) and N-(4-piperidine)piperidine.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol.MS m/z 479/481 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₉BrN₂O₂.2.00 HCl,550.1728; found (ESI), 479.2269.

Example 91-[1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)aceticacid (Reference Example 1-l) and 4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)piperidine.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol.MS m/z 465/467 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₇BrN₂O₂.2.00 HCl,536.1572; found (ESI), 465.2096.

Example 10 1-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclobutanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1N-benzyl-2-(3.4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetamide wasprepared from (3,4-dichlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-p) and benzylamine. HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₁₉Cl₂NO₂,363.0793; found (ESI_FT), 364.08658.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclobutanolhydrochloride was prepared fromN-benzyl-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetamide. HRMS:calcd for C₁₉H₂₁Cl₂NO.HCl, 385.0767; found (ESI_FT), 350.10832.

Example 111-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-(3.4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from 3,4-dichloro-alpha-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)benzeneaceticacid (Reference Example 1-d) and 4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)piperidine.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3.4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol.MS m/z 425/427/429 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₄Cl₂N₂O.2.00 HCl,496.1582; found (ESI), 425.2129.

Example 12 1-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclobutanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1N-benzyl-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)-2-(2-naphthyl)acetamide was preparedfrom (1-hydroxycyclobutyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid (Reference Example1-c) and benzylamine. HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₂₃NO₂, 345.1729; found(ESI_FT), 346.17885.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclobutanol hydrochloride wasprepared from N-benzyl-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)-2-(2-naphthyl)acetamide.HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₂₅NO.HCl, 367.1703; found (ESI_FT), 332.20146.

Example 131-{1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

Step 1: In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from 3,4-dichloro-alpha-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)benzeneaceticacid (Reference Example 1-d) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine. MS (ES) m/z485.2 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₄Cl₂N₂O₄, 484.1896; found (ESI),485.1987.

Step 2: A solution of tert-butyl{1-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate(364 mg, 0.75 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (1 mL), under nitrogen, wastreated with a solution of borane (1.0 M in tetrahydrofuran, 2.62 mL,2.62 mmol). The reaction was heated at 74° C. for 2 h, after which timethe reaction was cooled and quenched by the addition of methanol (4 mL).The solvents were removed in vacuo, and the products were purified viaBiotage Horizon (FLASH 25 M, silica, gradient from 10% EtOAc/hexane to90% EtOAc/hexane) to yield 187 mg (53%) tert-butyl{1-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamateas a white foam which eluted first and 88 mg (31%)1-{1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanolas a colorless oil which eluted second. tert-butyl{1-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate:MS (ES) m/z 471.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₆Cl₂N₂O₃, 470.2103;found (ESI), 471.2165.1-{1-(3.4-dichlorophenyl)-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanol:MS m/z 385/387/389 ([M+H]⁺).1-{1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanolwas converted to the dihydrochloride salt with a methanolic solution ofhydrochloric acid and diethyl ether to yield 45 mg (41%)1-{1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride as a white solid. HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₀Cl₂N₂O.2.00 HCl,456.1269; found (ESI), 385.183.

Example 141-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

A solution of tert-butyl{1-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate(130 mg, 0.28 mmol) (Example 13), in diethyl ether (2 mL) was treatedwith a 4 N solution of hydrogen chloride in dioxane (1 mL). Theresulting solution was stored at 25° C. for 16 h, during which timecrystals began to form. The mixture was transferred to the refrigeratorwhere it was stored for an additional 16 h. The resulting crystals werecollected, washed with diethyl ether, and dried in vacuo to yield 101 mg(82%)1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride as a white solid. MS m/z 371/373/375 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS:calcd for C₁₉H₂₈Cl₂N₂O.2.00 HCl, 442.1112; found (ESI), 371.1642.

Example 154-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1N-benzyl-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamidewas prepared from(3,4-dichlorophenyl)(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-i) and benzylamine. HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₂₄Cl₂N₂O₂,406.1215; found (ESI_FT), 407.12885.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]-1-methylppiperidin-4-oldihydrochloride was prepared fromN-benzyl-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamide.HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₂₆Cl₂N₂O.2.00 HCl, 464.0956; found (ESI_FT),393.14924.

Example 161-[2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1{(S)-1-[2-(3-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-acetyl]-pyrrolidin-3-yl}-carbamicacid tert-butyl ester was prepared from(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid (Reference Example 1-a)and (3S)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolodine.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from{(S)-1-[2-(3-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-acetyl]-pyrrolidin-3-yl}-carbamicacid tert-butyl ester. HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₇ClN₂O.2.00 HCl, 394.1345;found (ESI), 323.1884.

Example 171-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-a) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine.

MS m/z 451/453 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₅ClN₂O₄, 450.2285; found(ESI), 451.2353.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 21-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS m/z 351/353 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₁ClN₂O.2.00 HCl, 422.1658;found (ESI), 351.2208.

Example 181-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-bromophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[(3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-b) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine.

MS (ES) m/z 495.2 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₅BrN₂O₄, 494.1780;found (ESI), 495.1864.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2 tert-butyl{1-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(3-bromophenylphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS (ES) m/z 481.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₇BrN₂O₃, 480.1988;found (ESI), 481.2081.

In an analogous manner to Example 14,1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-bromophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₉BrN₂O.2.00 HCl, 452.0997; found (ESI), 381.1525.

Example 191-{1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[(3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-b) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine.

MS (ES) m/z 495.2 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₅BrN₂O₄, 494.1780;found (ESI), 495.1864.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 21-{1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(3-bromophenylphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.

MS (ESI) m/z 395 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₁BrN₂O.2.00 HCl,466.1153; found (ESI), 395.1708.

Example 201-{2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-{2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-f) and N-(4-piperidine)piperidine.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid. m/z 439([M+H]⁺);

HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₇F₃N₂O.2.00 HCl, 510.2392; found (ESI), 439.2928.

Example 21 1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate wasprepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-e) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.

MS (ESI) m/z 453 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₆N₂O₄, 452.2675; found(ESI_FT), 453.27518.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol dihydrochloride wasprepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 339 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₀N₂O, HCl, 374.2125; found(ESI_FT), 339.24268.

Example 221-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol wasprepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-q) and N-(4-piperidine)piperidine.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol. MSm/z 421 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₈H₄₀N₂O.2.00 HCl, 492.2674; found(ESI), 421.3224.

Example 231-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-f) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. HRMS: calcd forC₂₄H₃₃F₃N₂O₅, 486.2342; found (ESI), 487.2398.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate.

HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₇F₃N₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 444.1558; found (ESI), 373.2095.

Example 241-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

A solution of1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(590 mg, 1.59 mmol) (see Example 23), in formic acid (3.1 mL) at 50° C.,was treated with an aqueous solution of formaldehyde (37% in water, 1.3mL, 1.94 mmol). The reaction was heated at 70° C. for 1.5 h, after whichtime the reaction was poured into water (50 mL) and basified to pH=10with the addition of a 2 N aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. Theproduct was then extracted with ethyl acetate (3×20 mL), and thecombined organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate andconcentrated to yield 442 mg (72%)1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanolas a colorless oil. The product was dissolved in methanol (0.5 mL) andthe resulting solution was treated with a saturated methanolic solutionof hydrochloric acid (0.5 mL) followed by diethyl ether (2 mL). Thesolution was stored in the refrigerator for 16 h. The resultingprecipitate was filtered and washed with diethyl ether to yield 299 mg(57%)1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride as a white solid. HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O₂.2.00 HCl,458.1715; found (ESI), 387.2263.

Example 251-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)aceticacid (Reference Example 1-l) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine. MS (ES) m/z525.2 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₇BrN₂O₅, 524.1886; found (ESI),525.1971.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2 tert-butyl{1-[2-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS (ES) m/z 511.4 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₉BrN₂O₄, 510.2093;found (ESI), 511.2147.

In an analogous manner to Example 14,1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS m/z 411/413 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₁BrN₂O₂.2.00 HCl,482.1102; found (ESI), 411.1656.

Example 261-{2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-{2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]aceticacid (Reference Example 1-m) and 4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)piperidine.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanol.

MS m/z 425 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₅F₃N₂O.2.00 HCl, 496.2235;found (ESI), 425.2789.

Example 27 1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (4-benzyloxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-n) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ESI)m/z 509 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₃₀H₄₀N₂O₅, 508.2937; found (ESI),509.3027.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₄N₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 466.2154; found (ESI), 395.2683.

Example 281-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-g) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ESI) m/z 487([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate.

MS m/z 373 ([M+H]⁺); Anal. Calcd for C₁₉H₂₇F₃N₂O₂.2.00 HCl.2.10H₂O: C,47.23; H, 6.93; N, 5.80. Found: C, 46.93; H, 6.80.

Example 291-{1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)aceticacid (Reference Example 1-l) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine. MS (ES) m/z525.2 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₇BrN₂O₅, 524.1886; found (ESI),525.1971.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 21-{1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS (ESI) m/z 425 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₃BrN₂O₂.2.00 HCl,496.1259; found (ESI), 425.1793.

Example 301-{2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{(1-{(1-hydroxcyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]aceticacid (Reference Example 1-m) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine. MS (ES) m/z485.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₅F₃N₂O₄, 484.2549; found (ESI),485.2612.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 21-{2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl(1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)carbamate.

MS m/z 385 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₁F₃N₂O.2.00 HCl, 456.1922;found (ESI), 385.2454.

Example 311-[1-(2-naphthyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-(2-naphthyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-q) and 4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)piperidine.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(2-naphthyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(2-naphthyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol.MS m/z 407 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₈N₂O.2.00 HCl, 478.2518; found(ESI), 407.3055.

Example 32 1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate wasprepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-q) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine.

MS (ES) m/z 467.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₈H₃₈N₂O₄, 466.2832; found(ESI), 467.2902.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2 tert-butyl{1-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate. MS(ES) m/z 453.4 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₈H₄₀N₂O₃, 452.3039; found(ESI), 453.3095.

In an analogous manner to Example 14,1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS m/z 353 ([M+H]⁺);

HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₂N₂O.2.00 HCl, 424.2048; found (ESI), 353.2598.

Example 33 1-[2-[(3-chlorobenzyl)amino]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1N-(3-chlorobenzyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(2-naphthyl)acetamide wasprepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-q) and 3-chlorobenzylamine.

MS (ESI) m/z 408/410 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-[(3-chlorobenzyl)amino]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride was prepared fromN-(3-chlorobenzyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(2-naphthyl)acetamide. MSm/z 394/396 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₂₈ClNO.HCl, 429.1626; found(ESI), 394.191.

Example 34 1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-(3-chlororphenyl)-2-oxo-2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol wasprepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-a) and pyrrolidine. MS (ESI) m/z 322/324 ([M+H]⁺);HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₄ClNO₂, 321.1496; found (ESI_FT), 322.15603.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol hydrochloridewas prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-oxo-2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol. HRMS:calcd for C₁₈H₂₆ClNO.HCl, 343.1470; found (ESI_FT), 308.17736.

Example 351-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl[1-[(3-chlororphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl]carbamatewas prepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-a) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine.

MS m/z 451/453 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₅ClN₂O₄, 450.2285; found(ESI), 451.2353.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 21-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS m/z 337/339 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₉ClN₂O.2.00 HCl, 408.1502;found (ESI), 337.2022

Example 361-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

A solution of1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol (50mg, 0.15 mmol) (see Example 35), in formic acid (0.28 mL) was treatedwith an aqueous solution of formaldehyde (37% in water, 0.12 mL). Thereaction was heated at 70° C. for 1 h, after which time the reaction wasdiluted with water (3 mL) and basified to pH=10 with a 2 N aqueoussolution of sodium hydroxide. The product was extracted with ethylacetate (4×5 mL), and the combined organic extracts were dried overmagnesium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting colorless oilwas treated with methanolic hydrochloric acid and diethyl ether to yield32 mg (53%)1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride as a white solid. HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₃ClN₂O.HCl,400.2048; found (ESI), 365.2349.

Example 374-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-oltrihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from(3,4-dichlorophenyl)(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-i) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. HRMS:calcd for C₂₃H₃₃Cl₂N₃O₄, 485.1848; found (ESI_FT), 486.19305.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-oltrihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₇Cl₂N₃0 3.00 HCl, 479.0831; found (ESI_FT),372.16065.

Example 38 1-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1N-benzyl-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamide wasprepared from 3,4-dichloro-alpha-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)benzeneacetic acid(Reference Example 1-d) and benzylamine.

HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₂₃Cl₂NO₂, 391.1106; found (ESI_FT), 392.11598.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-olhydrochloride was prepared fromN-benzyl-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamide. HRMS:calcd for C₂₁H₂₅Cl₂NO HCl, 413.1080; found (ESI_FT), 378.13864.

Example 391-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl(1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]aceticacid (Reference Example 1-m) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine. MS (ES) m/z485.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₅F₃N₂O₄, 484.2549; found (ESI),485.2612.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2 tert-butyl(1-{2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}piperidin-4-yl)carbamatewas prepared from tert-butyl(1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)carbamate.MS (ES) m/z 471.4 ([M+H]⁺);

HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₇F₃N₂O₃, 470.2756; found (ESI), 471.2852.

In an analogous manner to Example 14,1-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl(1-{2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}piperidin-4-yl)carbamate.

MS m/z 371 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O.2.00 HCl, 442.1766;found (ESI), 371.2309.

Example 40 1-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(3-bromophenyl)ethyl]cyclobutanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1N-benzyl-2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetamide was preparedfrom (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetic acid (Reference Example1-j) and benzylamine. HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₀BrNO₂, 373.0677; found(ESI_FT), 374.07415.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(3-bromophenyl)ethyl]cyclobutanol hydrochloride wasprepared fromN-benzyl-2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetamide. HRMS: calcdfor C₁₉H₂₂BrNO HCl, 395.0652; found (ESI_FT), 360.09546.

Example 41 1-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1N-benzyl-2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamide wasprepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-a) and benzylamine. HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₂₄ClNO₂,357.1496; found (ESI_FT), 358.15607.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol hydrochloridewas prepared fromN-benzyl-2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamide. HRMS:calcd for C₂₁H₂₆ClNO HCl, 379.1470; found (ESI_FT), 344.17761.

Example 421-[2-(cyclohexylamino)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1N-cyclohexyl-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamide wasprepared from 3,4-dichloro-alpha-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)benzeneacetic acid(Reference Example 1-d) and cyclohexylamine. MS (ESI) m/z 384/3861388([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(cyclohexylamino)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride was prepared fromN-cyclohexyl-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamide. MS(ESI) m/z [M+H]+(370/372/374); HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉Cl₂NO.HCl,405.1393; found (ESI), 370.1687; Anal. Calcd for C₂₀H₂₉Cl₂NO HCl: C,59.05; H, 7.43; N, 3.44. Found: C, 59.00; H, 7.49; N, 3.37.

Example 43 1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate wasprepared from (1-hydroxycyclobutyl)(1-naphthyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-o) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine.

MS (ES) m/z 439.3 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate. MS(ES) m/z 325.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₂₈N₂O.2.00 HCl, 396.1735;found (ESI), 325.2272.

Example 444-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(3-bromophenyl)ethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1N-benzyl-2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamidewas prepared from(3-bromophenyl)(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-r) and benzylamine.

HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₂₅BrN₂O₂, 416.1099; found (ESI_FT), 417.11652.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(3-bromophenyl)ethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-oldihydrochloride was prepared fromN-benzyl-2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamide.HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₂₇BrN₂O.2.00 HCl, 474.0840; found (ESI_FT),403.13802.

Example 45 1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclopentanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclopentyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate wasprepared from (1-hydroxycyclopentyl)(1-naphthyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-s) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.

MS (ESI) m/z 439 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₄N₂O₄, 438.2519; found(ESI), 439.2563.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclopentanol dihydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclopentyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 325 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₂₈N₂O.2.00 HCl, 396.1735;found (ESI), 325.2267.

Example 461-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclobutanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-k) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. HRMS: calcd forC₂₂H₂₉F₃N₂O₅, 458.2029; found (ESI), 459.2118.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate.

HRMS: calcd for C₁₇H₂₃F₃N₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 416.1245; found (ESI), 345.1801.

Example 471-{2-[(4-fluorobenzyl)amino]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetamidewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]aceticacid (Reference Example 1-m) and 4-fluorobenzylamine. MS (ESI) m/z 410([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-[(4-fluorobenzyl)amino]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanolhydrochloride was prepared fromN-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetamide.MS (ESI) m/z 396 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₂₅F₄NO.HCl, 431.1639;found (ESI), 396.1931.

Example 48 1-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(cyclohexylamino)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 12-(3-bromophenyl)-N-cyclohexyl-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamide wasprepared from (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-b) and cyclohexylamine. MS (ESI) m/z 394/396 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(cyclohexylamino)ethyl]cyclohexanol hydrochloridewas prepared from2-(3-bromophenyl)-N-cyclohexyl-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamide. MS(ESI) m/z 380/382 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₀BrNO.HCl, 415.1278;found (ESI), 380.1574.

Example 491-[2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate wasprepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-c) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine.

MS (ES) m/z 467.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₈H₃₈N₂O₄, 466.2832; found(ESI), 467.2902.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 21-[2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate. MSm/z 367 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₄N₂O.2.00 HCl, 438.2205; found(ESI), 367.2763.

Example 50 2-(3-bromophenyl)-3-ethyl-1-piperazin-1-ylpentan-3-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentanoyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from 2-(3-bromophenyl)-3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentanoic acid(Reference Example 1-t) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.

MS (ESI) m/z 469/471 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₃BrN₂O₄, 468.1624;found (ESI_FT), 469.17071.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 22-(3-bromophenyl)-3-ethyl-1-piperazin-1-ylpentan-3-ol dihydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentanoyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 355/357 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₇H₂₇BrN₂O.2.00 HCl,426.0840; found (ESI_FT), 355.13878.

Example 51 4-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]heptan-4-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-propylhexanoyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-propylhexanoic acid(Reference Example 1-u) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ESI)m/z 453/455 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₇ClN₂O₄, 452.2442; found(ESI_FT), 453.25255.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]heptan-4-ol dihydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-propylhexanoyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 339/341 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₃₁ClN₂O.2.00 HCl,410.1658; found (ESI_FT), 339.21916.

Example 52 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-ethyl-1-piperazin-1-ylpentan-3-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentanoyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentanoic acid(Reference Example 1-v) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ESI)m/z 425/427 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 22-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-ethyl-1-piperazin-1-ylpentan-3-ol dihydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentanoyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 311/313 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₇H₂₇ClN₂O.HCl,346.1579; found (ESI_FT), 311.18803.

Example 53 3-ethyl-2-(1-naphthyl)-1-piperazin-1-ylpentan-3-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentanoyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from 3-ethyl-3-hydroxy-2-(1-naphthyl)pentanoic acid(Reference Example 1-w) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.

MS (ESI) m/z 441.2766 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₆N₂O₄, 440.2675;found (ESI), 441.2766.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 23-ethyl-2-(1-naphthyl)-1-piperazin-1-ylpentan-3-ol dihydrochloride wasprepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentanoyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 327 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₀N₂O.2.00 HCl, 398.1892;found (ESI), 327.2426.

Example 54 1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate wasprepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-e) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine.

MS (ESI) m/z 467 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate. MS(ESI) m/z 353 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₂N₂O.2.00 HCl, 424.2048;found (ESI), 353.2583.

Example 551-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ylamino)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 12-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-N-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ylacetamidewas prepared from (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-b) and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-napthylamine. MS (ESI)m/z 442/444 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ylamino)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride was prepared from2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-N-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ylacetamide.-ylacetamide. MS (ESI) m/z 428/430 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₄H₃₀BrNO.HCl, 463.1278; found (ESI), 428.1593.

Example 561-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclopentanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclopentanolwas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclopentyl)(1-naphthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-s) and N-methylpiperazine. MS (ESI) m/z 353([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclopentanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclopentanol.MS m/z 339 ([M+H]⁺);

HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₀N₂O.2.00 HCl, 410.1892; found (ESI), 339.2419.

Example 57 1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-yl-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol wasprepared from (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-b) and morpholine. HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₄ClNO₃, 337.1445;found (ESI_FT), 338.1521.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylethyl]cyclohexanol hydrochloridewas prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-yl-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol. HRMS:calcd for C₁₈H₂₆ClNO₂.HCl, 359.1419; found (ESI_FT), 324.17137.

Example 584-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-bromophenyl)(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from(3-bromophenyl)(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-r) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. HRMS: calcd forC₂₃H₃₄BrN₃O₄, 495.1733; found (ESI_FT), 496.18082.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-oldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-bromophenyl)(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₈BrN₃O.3.00 HCl, 489.0716; found (ESI_FT),382.14952.

Example 591-methyl-4-[1-(2-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]piperidin-4-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)(2-naphthyl)aceticacid (Reference Example 1-x) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₇N₃O₄, 467.2784; found (ESI_FT), 468.28561.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-methyl-4-[1-(2-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]piperidin-4-oldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₁N₃O.3.00 HCl, 461.1767; found (ESI_FT), 354.25401.

Example 601-{1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-[(3-chlorobenzyl)amino]ethyl}cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 12-(3-bromophenyl)-N-(3-chlorobenzyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamidewas prepared from (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-b) and 3-chlorobenzylamine. MS (ESI) m/z436/438/440 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-[(3-chlorobenzyl)amino]ethyl}cyclohexanolhydrochloride was prepared from2-(3-bromophenyl)-N-(3-chlorobenzyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamide.MS (ESI) m/z 422/424/426 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₂₅BrClNO.HCl,457.0575; found (ESI), 422.0873.

Example 61 1-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(3-bromophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1N-benzyl-2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamide was preparedfrom (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid (Reference Example1-b) and benzylamine. HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₂₄BrNO₂, 401.0990; found(ESI_FT), 402.10557.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(3-bromophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol hydrochloride wasprepared fromN-benzyl-2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamide. HRMS: calcdfor C₂₁H₂₆BrNO.HCl, 423.0965; found (ESI_FT), 388.12785.

Example 62 1-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1N-benzyl-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(2-naphthyl)acetamide was preparedfrom (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid (Reference Example1-q) and benzylamine.

HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₂₇NO₂, 373.2042; found (ESI_FT), 374.21082.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(benzylamino)-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol hydrochloride wasprepared from N-benzyl-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(2-naphthyl)acetamide.HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₂₉NO.HCl, 395.2016; found (ESI_FT), 360.23164.

Example 63 1-[1-(2-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate wasprepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-c) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ESI) m/z 453([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(2-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol dihydrochloride wasprepared from tert-butyl4(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 339 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₀N₂O.2.00 HCl, 410.1892;found (ESI_FT), 339.2426.

Example 641-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(2-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 63).MS (ESI) m/z 353 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₂N₂O.2.00 HCl, 424.2048;found (ESI_FT), 353.25994.

Example 652-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1-piperazin-1-ylpentan-3-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentanoyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from 2-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentanoicacid (Reference Example 1-y) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 499/501 ([M+H]⁺);

HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₅BrN₂O₅, 498.1729; found (ESI), 499.1793.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 22-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pentan-3-oldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentanoyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

MS m/z 385/387 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₉BrN₂O₂.2.00 HCl,456.0946; found (ESI), 385.1494.

Example 662-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pentan-3-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,2-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pentan-3-oldihydrochloride was prepared from2-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pentan-3-ol(see Example 65). MS (ESI) m/z 399/401 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₁₉H₃₁BrN₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 470.1102; found (ESI), 399.1632.

Example 67 1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(cyclohexylamino)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 12-(3-chlorophenyl)-N-cyclohexyl-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamide wasprepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-a) and cyclohexylamine. MS (ESI) m/z 350/352([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(cyclohexylamino)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride was prepared from2-(3-chlorophenyl)-N-cyclohexyl-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamide. MS(ESI) m/z 336/338 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₀ClNO.HCl, 371.1783;found (ESI), 336.206.

Example 68 1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate wasprepared from (1-hydroxycyclobutyl)(1-naphthyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-o) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.

MS (ESI) m/z 425 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanol dihydrochloride wasprepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 311 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₆N₂O.2.00 HCl, 382.1579;found (ESI), 311.2127.

Example 691-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanol (see Example 68).MS (ES) m/z 325.3 ([M+H]⁺);

HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₂₈N₂O.2.00 HCl, 396.1735; found (ESI), 325.2278.

Example 70 1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclobutanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (4-benzyloxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-z) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ESI)m/z 481 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₈H₃₆N₂O₅, 480.2624; found (ESI),481.2716.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₀N₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 438.1841; found (ESI), 367.2389.

Example 711-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclobutanol (seeExample 70). HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₂N₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 452.1997; found (ESI),381.2526.

Example 721-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]decahydronaphthalen-1-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[1-(3-chlorophenylphenyl)(1-hydroxydecahydronapthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxydecahydronapthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-aa) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 491/493 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]decahydronaphthalen-1-oldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[1-(3-chlorophenylphenyl)(1-hydroxydecahydronapthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 377.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₃ClN₂O.2.00 HCl,448.1815; found (ESI), 377.2351.

Example 731-[1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-4-tert-butylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-4-tert-butylcyclohexanolwas prepared from(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-bb) and N-methylpiperazine. MS (ESI) m/z 481/483([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-4-tert-butylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl1-[1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-4-tert-butylcyclohexanol.MS (ESI) m/z 467/469 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₉BrN₂O₂.2.00 HCl,538.1728; found (ESI), 467.2258.

Example 742-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]decahydronaphthalen-2-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[1-(3-chlorophenylphenyl)(2-hydroxydecahydronapthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(2-hydroxydecahydronapthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-cc) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 491/493 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 22-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]decahydronaphthalen-2-oldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[1-(3-chlorophenylphenyl)(2-hydroxydecahydronapthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 377 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₃ClN₂O.2.00 HCl,448.1815; found (ESI), 377.2346.

Example 751-(1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]amino}ethyl)cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 12-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]acetamidewas prepared from 3,4-dichloro-alpha-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)benzeneaceticacid (Reference Example 1-d) and 4-trifluoromethylbenzylamine. MS (ESI)m/z 460/462/464 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-(1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]amino}ethyl)cyclohexanolhydrochloride was prepared from2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]acetamide.

MS (ESI) m/z 446/448/450 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₂₄Cl₂F₃NO.HCl,481.0954; found (ESI), 446.1232; Anal. Calcd for C₂₂H₂₄Cl₂F₃NO.HCl: C,54.73; H, 5.22; N, 2.90. Found: C, 54.69; H, 4.99; N, 2.78.

Example 764-tert-butyl-1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)aceticacid (Reference Example 1-dd) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 509 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₃₁H₄₄N₂O₄, 508.3301; found(ESI), 509.3354.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-tert-butyl-1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 395 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₈N₂O.2.00 HCl, 466.2518;found (ESI), 395.3055.

Example 774-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-chlorophenyl)(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from(3-chlorophenyl)(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-ee) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 439/441 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₁ClN₂O₅, 438.1921;found (ESI_FT), 439.19884.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-oldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-chlorophenyl)(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 325/327 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₇H₂₅ClN₂O₂.2.00 HCl,396.1138; found (ESI_FT), 325.16764.

Example 784-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,4-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-oldihydrochloride was prepared from4-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol(see Example 77).

MS (ESI) m/z 339 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₇ClN₂O₂.2.00 HCl,410.1295; found (ESI), 339.1844.

Example 791-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-4-tert-butylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-4-tert-butylcyclohexanolwas prepared from(3-bromophenyl)(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-ff) and N-methylpiperazine. MS (ESI) m/z 451/453 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-4-tert-butylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-4-tert-butylcyclohexanol.

MS (ESI) m/z 437/439 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₇BrN₂O.2.00 HCl,508.1623; found (ESI), 437.2154.

Example 801-{1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-[(4-fluorobenzyl)amino]ethyl}cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 12-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamidewas prepared from 3,4-dichloro-alpha-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)benzeneaceticacid (Reference Example 1-d) and 4-fluorobenzylamine. MS (ESI) m/z410/412/414 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-[(4-fluorobenzyl)amino]ethyl}cyclohexanolhydrochloride was prepared from2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamide.MS (ESI) m/z 396/398/400 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₂₄Cl₂FNO.HCl,431.0986; found (ESI), 396.1277.

Example 81 4-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]heptan-4-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-propylhexanoyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from 2-(3-bromophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-propylhexanoic acid(Reference Example 1-gg) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ES)m/z 497.2 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]heptan-4-ol dihydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-propylhexanoyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 383.2 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₃₁BrN₂O.2.00 HCl,454.1153; found (ESI), 383.1705.

Example 824-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]heptan-4-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,4-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]heptan-4-oldihydrochloride was prepared from4-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]heptan-4-ol (see Example 81).MS (ES) m/z 397.2 ([M+H]⁺);

HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₃BrN₂O.2.00 HCl, 468.1310; found (ESI), 397.1865.

Example 83 1-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylethyl]cyclobutanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-yl-2-oxoethyl]cyclobutanol wasprepared from (3,4-dichlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-p) and morpholine. HRMS: calcd for C₁₆H₁₉Cl₂NO₃,343.0742; found (ESI_FT), 344.08102.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylethyl]cyclobutanolhydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-yl-2-oxoethyl]cyclobutanol.HRMS: calcd for C₁₆H₂₁Cl₂NO₂.HCl, 365.0716; found (ESI_FT), 330.10064.

Example 841-[1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-4-tert-butylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-bb) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 567/569 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₈H₄₃BrN₂O₅, 566.2355;found (ESI), 567.2435.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-4-tert-butylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 453/455 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₇BrN₂O₂.2.00 HCl,524.1572; found (ESI), 453.2119.

Example 85 1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperidin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-oxo-2-piperidin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol wasprepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-a) and piperidine. HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₆ClNO₂,335.1652; found (ESI_FT), 336.17194.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperidin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol hydrochloridewas prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-oxo-2-piperidin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol. HRMS:calcd for C₁₉H₂₈ClNO .HCl, 357.1626; found (ESI_FT), 322.19304.

Example 862-(3-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dicyclopropyl-3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propan-1-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)(3,3-dicyclopropyl-3-hydroxypropyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate wasprepared from 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3,3-dicyclopropyl-3-hydroxypropanoicacid (Reference Example 1-hh) and N-methylpiperazine. MS (ESI) m/z 363([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 22-(3-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dicyclopropyl-3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propan-1-oldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl 4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)(3,3-dicyclopropyl-3-hydroxypropyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 349.2037 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉ClN₂O.2.00 HCl,420.1502; found (ESI), 349.2037.

Example 871-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxy-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from(3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxy-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-ii) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxy-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 423.2 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₅BrN₂O, 422.1933; found(ESI), 423.2015.

Example 881-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexanol(see Example 87). MS (ES) m/z 437.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₃H₃₇BrN₂O.2.00 HCl, 508.1623; found (ESI), 437.2162.

Example 89 3-ethyl-1-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-(1-naphthyl)pentan-3-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,3-ethyl-1-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-(1-naphthyl)pentan-3-oldihydrochloride was prepared from3-ethyl-2-(1-naphthyl)-1-piperazin-1-ylpentan-3-ol (see Example 53). MS(ESI) m/z 341 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₂N₂O.2.00 HCl, 412.2048;found (ESI), 341.2583.

Example 901-(1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]amino}ethyl)cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 12-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]acetamidewas prepared from (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-b) and 4-trifluoromethylbenzylamine. MS (ESI) m/z4701472 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-(1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]amino}ethyl)cyclohexanolhydrochloride was prepared from2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]acetamide.MS (ESI) m/z 456/458 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₂₅BrF₃NO.HCl,491.0838; found (ESI), 456.1147.

Example 91 4-ethyl-1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[1-(1-naphthyl)-(4-ethyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (4-ethyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-(1-naphthyl) acetic acid(Reference Example 1-jj) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 481 ([M+H]⁺);

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-ethyl-1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[1-(1-naphthyl)-(4-ethyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 367 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₄N₂O.2.00 HCl, 438.2205;found (ESI), 367.2749.

Example 921-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclobutanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclobutanol(see Example 46).

HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₅F₃N₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 430.1402; found (ESI), 359.1965.

Example 934-tert-butyl-1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(3-chlorophenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from(3-chlorophenyl)(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-kk) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ES) m/z 493.4([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-tert-butyl-1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(3-chlorophenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 379 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₅ClN₂O, 378.2438; found(ESI), 379.2513.

Example 942-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-ethyl-1-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pentan-3-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-ethyl-1-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pentan-3-oldihydrochloride was prepared from2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-ethyl-1-piperazin-1-ylpentan-3-ol (see Example 52).(ESI) m/z 325/327 ([M+H]⁺);

HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₉ClN₂O.2.00 HCl, 396.1502; found (ESI), 325.2032.

Example 95 1-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylethyl]cyclobutanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-yl-2-oxoethyl]cyclobutanol wasprepared from (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-j) and morpholine. HRMS: calcd for C₁₆H₂₀BrNO₃, 353.0627;found (ESI_FT), 354.06919.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylethyl]cyclobutanol hydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(3-chlorophenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.HRMS: calcd for C₁₆H₂₂BrNO₂.HCl, 375.0601; found (ESI_FT), 340.08898.

Example 961-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-4-tert-butylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-bromophenyl)(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from(3-bromophenyl)(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-ff) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ESI) m/z537/539 ([M+H]⁺);

HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₄₁BrN₂O₄, 536.2250; found (ESI), 537.2324.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-4-tert-butylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-bromophenyl)(4-tert-butyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 423/425 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₅BrN₂O.2.00 HCl,494.1466; found (ESI), 423.1994.

Example 97 4-methyl-1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[1-(1-naphthyl)-(4-methyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (4-methyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-(1-naphthyl) aceticacid (Reference Example 1-ll) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 467 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-methyl-1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[1-(1-naphthyl)-(4-methyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 353 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₂N₂O.2.00 HCl, 424.2048;found (ESI), 353.2599.

Example 981-{1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-[(4-fluorobenzyl)amino]ethyl}cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 12-(3-bromophenyl)-N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamidewas prepared from (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-b) and 4-fluorobenzylamine. MS (ESI) m/z 420/422([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-[(4-fluorobenzyl)amino]ethyl}cyclohexanolhydrochloride was prepared from2-(3-bromophenyl)-N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetamide.MS (ESI) m/z 406 ([M+H]⁺); MS (ESI) m/z 408 ([M−H]⁻); HRMS: calcd forC₂₁H₂₅BrFNO.HCl, 441.0870; found (ESI), 406.1173.

Example 99 1-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-yl-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol wasprepared from (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-b) and morpholine. HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₄BrNO₃, 381.0940;found (ESI_FT), 382.10032.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylethyl]cyclohexanol hydrochloridewas prepared from1-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-yl-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol. HRMS:calcd for C₁₈H₂₆BrNO₂ .HCl, 403.0914; found (ESI_FT), 368.12137.

Example 1004-tert-butyl-1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,4-tert-butyl-1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from4-tert-butyl-1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (seeExample 76). MS (ESI) m/z 409 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₄₀N₂O.2.00HCl, 480.2674; found (ESI), 409.3207.

Example 1014-tert-butyl-1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,4-tert-butyl-1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from4-tert-butyl-1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 93). MS (ESI) m/z 393 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₃H₃₇ClN₂O.2.00 HCl, 464.2128; found (ESI), 393.2673.

Example 1021-methyl-4-[2-morpholin-4-yl-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-olhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-methyl-4-[2-morpholin-4-yl-1-(2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]piperidin-4-olwas prepared from (4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)(2-naphthyl)aceticacid (Reference Example 1-x) and morpholine HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₂₈N₂O₃,368.2100; found (ESI_FT), 369.21652.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-methyl-4-[2-morpholin-4-yl-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-olhydrochloride was prepared from1-methyl-4-[2-morpholin-4-yl-1-(2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]piperidin-4-ol.HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₀N₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 426.1841; found (ESI_FT),355.23761.

Example 1034-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-bromophenyl)(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from(3-bromophenyl)(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-mm) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ESI) m/z483/485 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₁BrN₂O₅, 482.1416; found (ESI),483.1508.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-oldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-bromophenyl)(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 369/371 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₇H₂₅BrN₂O₂.2.00 HCl,440.0633; found (ESI), 369.1166.

Example 1041-{1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (3-benzyloxyphenyl)(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-nn) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 509 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₃₀H₄₀N₂O₅, 508.2937; found(ESI), 509.2997.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₄N₂O₂. 2.00 HCl, 466.2154; found (ESI), 395.2676.

Example 1051-(1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]amino}ethyl)cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 12-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]acetamidewas prepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-a) and 4-trifluoromethylbenzylamine. MS (ESI) m/z426/428 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-(1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]amino}ethyl)cyclohexanolhydrochloride was prepared from2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]acetamide.MS (ESI) m/z [M+H]+(412/414).

Example 106 1-[2-morpholin-4-yl-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[2-morpholin-4-yl-1-(2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol was preparedfrom (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid (Reference Example1-q) and morpholine. HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₂₇NO₃, 353.1991; found(ESI_FT), 354.20523.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-morpholin-4-yl-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol hydrochloride wasprepared from1-[2-morpholin-4-yl-1-(2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol. HRMS: calcdfor C₂₂H₂₉NO₂.HCl, 375.1965; found (ESI_FT), 340.2256.

Example 107 2-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]adamantan-2-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-bromophenyl)(2-hydroxy-2-adamantyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (3-bromophenyl)(2-hydroxy-2-adamantyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-oo) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 533/535 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 22-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]adamantan-2-oldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-bromophenyl)(2-hydroxy-2-adamantyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 419/421 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₁BrN₂O.2.00 HCl,490.1153; found (ESI), 419.1682.

Example 1081-[1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol (seeExample 104). HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₆N₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 480.2310; found(ESI), 409.2838.

Example 109 1-[2-morpholin-4-yl-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclobutanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[2-morpholin-4-yl-1-(2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclobutanol was preparedfrom (1-hydroxycyclobutyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid (Reference Example1-c) and morpholine. HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₃NO₃, 325.1678; found(ESI_FT), 326.17435.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-morpholin-4-yl-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclobutanol hydrochloride wasprepared from1-[2-morpholin-4-yl-1-(2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclobutanol. HRMS: calcdfor C₂₀H₂₅NO₂. HCl, 347.1652; found (ESI_FT), 312.19602.

Example 1104-[1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-pp) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 513/515 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₃BrN₂O₆, 512.1522;found (ESI), 513.16.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-[1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-oldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 399/401 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₇BrN₂O₃.2.00 HCl,470.0739; found (ESI), 399.1266.

Example 1111-{1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclobutanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (3-benzyloxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-qq) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 481 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₈H₃₆N₂O₅, 480.2624; found(ESI), 481.272.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₀N₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 438.1841; found (ESI), 367.2357.

Example 112 1-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-(3.4-dichlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-yl-2-oxoethylcyclohexanol wasprepared from 3,4-dichloro-alpha-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)benzeneacetic acid(Reference Example 1-d) and morpholine.

HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₃Cl₂NO₃, 371.1055; found (ESI_FT), 372.11122.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-yl-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol.HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₅Cl₂NO₂.HCl, 393.1029; found (ESI_FT), 358.13358.

Example 1131-[2-[(4-fluorobenzyl)amino]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(2-naphthyl)acetamide wasprepared from (1-hydroxycyclobutyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-c) and 4-fluorolbenzylamine. MS (ESI) m/z 372 ([M+H−H2O]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-[(4-fluorobenzyl)amino]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride was prepared fromN-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(2-naphthyl)acetamide. MSm/z 378 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₂₈FNO.HCl, 413.1922; found (ESI),378.2234.

Example 1144-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 14-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-yl-2-oxoethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-olwas prepared from(3,4-dichlorophenyl)(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-i) and morpholine. HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₄Cl₂N₂O₃,386.1164; found (ESI_FT), 387.12304.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-oldihydrochloride was prepared from4-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-yl-2-oxoethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-ol.HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₆Cl₂N₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 444.0905; found (ESI_FT),373.14421.

Example 1151-[1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-}1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclobutanol (seeExample 111). HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₂N₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 452.1997; found(ESI), 381.2524.

Example 1164-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 14-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-yl-2-oxoethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-olwas prepared from(3-bromophenyl)(4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-r) and morpholine.

HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₅BrN₂O₃, 396.1049; found (ESI_FT), 397.11148.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-oldihydrochloride was prepared from4-[1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-morpholin-4-yl-2-oxoethyl]-1-methylpiperidin-4-ol.HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₇BrN₂O₂.HCl, 418.1023; found (ESI_FT), 383.13261.

Example 1171-(1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-{4-[(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl}ethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

A solution of 1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 1) (200 mg, 0.62 mmol) and 6-methoxy-2-napthaldehyde (173mg, 0.93 mmol) in dichloroethane (4 mL) was treated with sodiumtrisacetoxyborohydride (195 mg, 0.92 mmol). The reaction was placed on ashaker and where it was stirred for 16 h. The reaction was then washedwith a 2 N aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid (2×2 mL), and theorganic layer was stored at 25° C. for 16 h. The resulting precipitatewas collected, washed with diethyl ether and dried in vacuo to yield 194mg (64%)1-(1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-{4-[(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl}ethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride as a white solid. MS (ESI) m/z 493/495 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS:calcd for C₃₀H₃₇ClN₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 564.2077; found (ESI_FT), 493.2632.

Example 1181-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(cyclopropylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(cyclopropylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and cyclopropanecarboxaldehyde. MS (ESI) m/z [M+H]+(377/379); HRMS:calcd for C₂₂H₃₃ClN₂O.2.00 HCl, 448.1815; found (ESI), 377.2347.

Example 1191-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(cyclohex-3-en-1-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(cyclohex-3-en-1-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and 3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde. MS (ESI) m/z [M+H]+(417/419); HRMS:calcd for C₂₅H₃₇ClN₂O.2.00 HCl, 488.2128; found (ESI), 417.2655.

Example 1206-({4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl}methyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-oldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,6-({4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl}methyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-oldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxaldehyde. HRMS: calcd forC₂₄H₃₇ClN₂O₃.2.00 HCl, 508.2026; found (ESI), 419.2455.

Example 1211-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(3-phenylbutyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(3-phenylbutyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and 3-phenylbutyraldehyde. MS (ESI) m/z 455/457 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcdfor C₂₈H₃₉ClN₂O. 2.00 HCl, 526.2284; found (ESI_FT), 455.28235.

Example 1221-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(2-phenylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(2-phenylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and phenylacetaldehyde. MS (ESI) m/z 4271429 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₆H₃₅ClN₂O.2.00 HCl, 498.1971; found (ESI), 427.2505.

Example 1231-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(3-phenoxybenzyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(3-phenoxnbenzyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde. MS (ESI) m/z 505/507 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcdfor C₃₁H₃₇ClN₂O₂. 2.00 HCl, 576.2077; found (ESI_FT), 505.26266.

Example 1241-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(2-naphthylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(2-naphthylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and 2-napthaldehyde. MS (ESI) m/z 463/465 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₉H₃₅ClN₂O.2.00 HCl, 534.1971; found (ESI), 463.2499.

Example 1251-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(3-furylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(3-furylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and 3-furaldehyde.

MS (ESI) m/z [M+H]+(403/405); HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₁ClN₂O₂.2.00 HCl,474.1608; found (ESI), 403.2124.

Example 1261-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde. MS (ESI) m/z 419/421 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS:calcd for C₂₅H₃₉ClN₂O.2.00 HCl, 490.2284; found (ESI), 419.2815.

Example 1271-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(quinolin-4-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(quinolin-4-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and 4-quinolinecarboxaldehyde. MS (ESI) m/z 464/466 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS:calcd for C₂₈H₃₄ClN₃O.3.00 HCl, 571.1691; found (ESI_FT), 464.24693.

Example 1281-(1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-{4-[(5-ethyl-2-furyl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl}ethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-(1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-{4-[(5-ethyl-2-furyl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl}ethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and 5-ethyl-2-furaldehyde. MS (ESI) m/z [M+H]+(431/433); HRMS: calcd forC₂₅H₃₅ClN₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 502.1921; found (ESI), 431.2454.

Example 1291-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(2-phenyliropyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(2-phenylpropyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and 2-phenylpropionaldehyde. MS (ESI) m/z 441/443 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcdfor C₂₇H₃₇ClN₂O.2.00 HCl, 512.2128; found (ESI), 441.2662.

Example 1301-[2-[4-(1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-[2-[4-(1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and benzo[B]furan-2-carboxaldehyde. MS (ESI) m/z [M+H]+(453/455); HRMS:calcd for C₂₇H₃₃ClN₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 524.1764; found (ESI), 453.2296.

Example 1311-[2-{4-[4-(benzyloxy)benzyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-[2-{4-[4-(benzyloxy)benzyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and 4-benzyloxybenzaldehyde. MS (ESI) m/z 519/521 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcdfor C₃₂H₃₉ClN₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 590.2234; found (ESI_FT), 519.27544.

Example 1321-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(4-phenoxybenzyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(4-phenoxybenzyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and 4-phenoxybenzaldehyde. MS (ESI) m/z 505/507 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcdfor C₃₁H₃₇ClN₂O₂. 2.00 HCl, 576.2077; found (ESI_FT), 505.26224.

Example 1331-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde. MS (ESI) m/z[M+H]+(414/416); HRMS: calcdfor C₂₄H₃₂ClN₃O.2.00 HCl, 485.1767; found (ESI), 414.2307.

Example 1341-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example 1)and 3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde. MS (ESI) m/z [M+H]+(414/416); HRMS: calcdfor C₂₄H₃₂ClN₃O.2.00 HCl, 485.1767; found (ESI), 414.2301.

Example 1351-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

Step 1: In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-b) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. HRMS:calcd for C₂₃H₃₃BrN₂O₄, 480.1624; found (ESI_FT), 481.16857.

Step 2: A solution of tert-butyl4-[(3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(2.12 g, 4.40 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) under nitrogen wastreated dropwise with a solution of borane (1.0 M in tetrahydrofuran,13.2 mL, 13.2 mmol). The resulting solution was heated at 70° C. for 2h, after which time the reaction was cooled in an ice bath, treateddropwise with methanol (15 mL) and concentrated. The resulting viscous,colorless oil was re-dissolved in ethyl acetate (25 mL), washed with asaturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate, water, brine, driedover sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give a white solid,which was purified via flash column chromatography (silica, gradientfrom 10% ethyl acetate/hexane to 20% ethyl acetate/hexane) to yield 2.02g (98%) tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateas a white powder. MS (ESI) m/z 467/469 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₃H₃₅BrN₂O₃, 466.1831; found (ESI), 467.1899; Anal. Calcd forC₂₃H₃₅BrN₂O₃: C, 59.10; H, 7.55; N, 5.99. Found: C, 59.14; H, 7.72; N,5.77.

Step 3: A mixture of tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(0.72 g, 1.55 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (37 mg,0.032 mmol, 10 mol %) in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (30 mL) was stirred for 10min at room temperature. To this mixture was added sequentially3,4-dichlorophenyl boronic acid (0.44 g, 2.32 mmol) and a 2M aqueoussolution of sodium carbonate (0.8 mL, 1.6 mmol, 5 equivalent), and themixture was heated at reflux until all starting material was consumedand precipitation of black palladium occurred (3 h). After cooling,water was added and the reaction mixture was extracted with ethylacetate (30 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine, dried oversodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give a crude solid, whichwas purified via flash column chromatography (silica, gradient from 0%ethyl acetate/hexane to 30% ethyl acetate/hexane) to yield 0.55 g (67%)of tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,4′-dichloro-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateas a foam, which was used as such in the next step.

Step 4: tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,4′-dichloro-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(0.39 g 0.73 mmol) was dissolved in diethyl ether (15 mL) then a 2Nethereal solution of hydrochloric acid (10 mL) was added. Methanol(approximately 1 mL) was then added until the resulting precipitatedissolved, and the homogeneous solution was stirred for 18 h. Theprecipitated product was collected by filtration, washed with diethylether and dried in a vacuum oven at 50° C. to yield 0.28 g (81%) of1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride as a white solid. MS (ESI) m/z 433/435/437 ([M+H]⁺);HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₀N₂OCl₂.2.00 HCl, 433.1813; found (ESI), 433.1813

Example 136 1-[1-(1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-(1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 135, step 2) and phenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z [M+H]+(365); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₂N₂O.2.00 HCl, 436.2048;found (ESI), 365.2575

Example 1371-[1-(4′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-(4′-chloro-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 135, step 2) and 4-chlorophenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(4′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4′-chloro-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 399/401 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₁ClN₂O.2.00 HCl,470.1658; found (ESI), 399.2203.

Example 1381-[1-(3′-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-(3′-methoxy-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 135, step 2) and 3-methoxyphenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(3′-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3′-methoxy-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 395 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₄N₂O₂.2.00 HCl,466.2154; found (ESI), 395.269.

Example 1391-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-(3′-chloro-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 135, step 2) and 3-chlorophenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3′-chloro-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 399/401 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₁ClN₂O.2.00 HCl,470.1658; found (ESI), 399.2183.

Example 1401-[1-(2′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanolmaleate

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-(2′-fluoro-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 135, step 2) and 2-florophenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(2′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(2′-fluoro-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.The compound was neutralized with 10% aqueous potassium carbonate, andthe residue dissolved in methanol. One equivalent of maleic acid wasthen added and the solution was concentrated. The product was trituratedwith diethyl ether to yield1-[1-(2′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanolmaleate as a colorless solid. MS (ESI) m/z 383 ([M+H]+); Anal. Calcd forC₂₄H₃₁FN₂O.C₄H₄O₄.0.50H2O: C, 66.25; H, 7.15; N, 5.52. Found: C, 66.03;H, 7.38; N, 5.31.

Example 1411-[1-(2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl)-2-piperazine-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

Step 1: A solution of 3-thiophene acetic acid (1.42 g, 10.0 mmol) inacetic acid (10 mL) was treated with N-chlorosuccinimide (3.1 g, 23mmol, 2.3 equivalents), and the solution was stirred for 12 h at roomtemperature then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was diluted withwater and stirred for 1 h whereupon the resulting solid was collected byfiltration. The solid was dried in a vacuum oven at room temperature for10 hours providing 1.51 g (72%) of (2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl)acetic acidas a brown solid, which was used as such in the next step. MS (ESI) m/z209/211/213 ([M−H]−).

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate was preparedfrom 2,5-dichlorothiophene-3-acetic acid and tert-butyl1-piperazinecarboxylate. The product was crystallized from ethylacetate:hexane to yield a colorless solid.

Step 3: A solution of diisopropyl amine (0.80 mL, 5.6 mmol) in drytetrahydrofuran (10 mL) under nitrogen was cooled to −78° C. and treateddropwise with a solution of n-butyllithium (1.6 M in hexanes, 3.5 mL,5.6 mmol). To this reaction was added dropwise a solution of tert-butyl4-[(2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate (1.7 g, 4.5mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL). After the addition was complete, thesolution was stirred for 0.5 hr at −78° C. whereupon cyclohexanone (0.57mL, 5.6 mmol) was added via syringe. The solution was stirred for anadditional 0.5 h. The reaction was quenched with a saturated aqueoussolution of ammonium chloride and then warmed to room temperature. Thesolution was diluted with ethyl acetate; the organic phase wasseparated, and was washed with a 2N aqueous solution of hydrochloricacid (1×10 mL). The organic extract was dried over magnesium sulfate andconcentrated. Chromatography of the residue via Biotage (FLASH 40 M,silica, 30% ethyl acetate/hexane) provided 1.2 g (58%) of4-[(2.5-dichlorothien-3-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateas a white foam. MS (ESI) m/z 477/479/481 ([M+H]), HRMS: calcd forC₂₁H₃₀Cl₂N₂O₄S, 476.1303; found (ESI), 477.1362.

Step 4: In an analogous manner to Example 135, Step 2 tert-butyl4-[2-(2.5-dichlorothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 463/465/467 ([M+H]+), HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₂Cl₂N₂O₃S,462.1511; found (ESI), 463.1594.

Step 5: In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(2.5-dichlorothien-3-yl)-2-piperazine-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateand isolated as a colorless powder. MS (ESI) m/z [M+H]+(363/365/367);HRMS: calcd for C₁₆H₂₄Cl₂N₂OS.2.00 HCl, 434.0520; found (ESI), 363.1035.

Example 142 1-[1-(5-chlorothien-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 141, step 1 (5-chlorothien-3-yl)aceticacid was prepared from 2-thiophene acetic acid and N-chlorosuccinimide.(This acid was used in Reference Example 1-rr) MS (ES) m/z 175.0([M−H]−)

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(5-chlorothien-2-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (5-chlorothien-2-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-rr) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 443/445 ([M+H]+)

In an analoguous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(5-chlorothien-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride product was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(5-chlorothien-2-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

MS (ESI) m/z 329/331 ([M+H]⁺); Anal. Calcd for C₁₆H₂₅ClN₂OS.2.00 HCl: C,47.83; H, 6.77; N, 6.97. Found: C, 48.31; H, 7.40; N, 6.21

Example 143 1-[1-(5-bromothien-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 141, step 1 (5-bromothien-3-yl)aceticacid was prepared from 2-thiophene acetic acid and N-bromosuccinimide.(This product was used in Reference Example 1-ss)

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl4-[(5-bromothien-2-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (5-bromothien-2-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-ss) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 487/489 ([M+H]+

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[1-(5-bromothien-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(5-bromothien-2-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 373/375 ([M+H]⁺). Anal. Calcd for C₁₆H₂₅BrN₂OS.2.00 HCl: C,43.06; H, 6.10; N, 6.28. Found: C, 43.76; H, 6.12; N, 5.60.

Example 144 1-[1-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(5-chlorothien-3-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate was prepared from5-chlorothiophene-3-acetic acid² and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 289.0 ([M+H−C4H8]+); HRMS: calcd for C15H₂₁ClN2O3S,344.0961; found (ESI), 345.1018 ² Monguzzi, R.; Libassi, G.; Pinza, M.;Pifferi, G. Synthesis of new a-hydrazinoarylacetic acids andderivatives. Farmaco, Edizione Scientifica (1976), 31(8), 549-60

In an analogous manner to Example 141, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(5-chlorothien-3-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate andcyclohexanone. MS (ESI) m/z 429 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₃ClN₂O₃S,428.1900; found (ESI), 429.1973.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 2, tert-butyl4-[2-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 329/331 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₆H₂₅ClN₂OS.2.00 HCl,400.0910; found (ESI), 329.1444.

Example 1451-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1tert-butyl{1-[2-(5-chloro-thiophen-3-yl)-acetyl]-piperidin-4-yl}-carbamatewas prepared from 5-chlorothiophene-3-acetic acid and4-N-boc-aminopiperidine.

In an analogous manner to Example 141, step 3,tert-butyl{1-[2-(5-chloro-thiophen-3-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]-piperidin-4-yl}-carbamatewas prepared fromtert-butyl{1-[2-(5-Chloro-thiophen-3-yl)-acetyl]-piperidin-4-yl}-carbamateand cyclohexanone.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 2,tert-butyl{1-[2-(5-chloro-thiophen-3-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]-piperidin-4-yl}-carbamatewas prepared fromtert-butyl{1-[2-(5-Chloro-thiophen-3-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]-piperidin-4-yl}-carbamate.)

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared fromtert-butyl{1-[2-(5-Chloro-thiophen-3-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]-piperidin-4-yl}-carbamate.MS (ESI) m/z 343/345 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₇H₂₇ClN₂OS.2.00 HCl,414.1066; found (ESI), 343.1594.

Example 146 1-[1-(1-benzothien-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 t-butyl4-[1-[1-(1-benzothien-3-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from 1-benzothien-3-yl(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-tt) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 487/489 ([M+H]+

In an analoguous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(1-benzothien-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from t-butyl4-[1-[1-(1-benzothien-3-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z [M+H]+(345); HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₈N₂OS.2.00 HCl, 416.1456;found (ESI), 345.2024

Example 1471-[1-(3′,4′-difluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,4′-difluoro-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 135, step 2) and 3,4-difluorophenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(3′,4′-difluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,4′-difluoro-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z [M+H]+(401); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₀F₂N₂O.2.00 HCl,472.1860; found (ESI), 401.2378

Example 1481-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(2-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (2-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-uu) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 481/483 ([M+H]+); HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₃BrN₂O₄, 480.1624;found (ESI), 481.1689

In an analoguous manner to Example 135, step 2, tert-butyl4-[2-(2-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(2-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 467/469 ([M+H]+); HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₅BrN₂O₃, 466.1831;found (ESI), 467.1895;

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[3′4′dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(2-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateand 3,4-dichloro phenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[3′4′dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 433.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₀Cl₂N₂O.2.00 HCl,504.1269; found (ESI), 433.1797

Example 149 1-[1-(1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(2-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 148, step 2) and phenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 365.4 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₂N₂O.2.00 HCl,436.2048; found (ESI), 365.2601

Example 1501-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(2-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 148, step 2) and 3-chloro phenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 561/563/565 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₁ClN₂O.2.00 HCl,470.1658; found (ESI), 399.2211

Example 1511-{1-[2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylphenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(2-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 148, step 2) and 3,4-(methylenedioxy) phenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-{1-[2-(1.3-benzodioxol-5-yl)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylphenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 409.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₂N₂O₃.2.00 HCl,480.1946; found (ESI), 409.2483.

Example 1521-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl{1-[(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from_tert-butyl{1-[(3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate(see Example 18, step 1) and 3,4-dichloro phenyl boronic acid. MS (ESI)m/z 561/563/565 ([M+H]+); HRMS: calcd for C₃₀H₃₈Cl₂N₂O₄, 560.2209; found(ESI), 561.2263

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 2 tert-butyl{1-[2-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS (ES) m/z 547.3 ([M+H]+); HRMS: calcd for C₃₀H₄₀Cl₂N₂O₃, 546.2416;found (ESI), 547.2473.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 31-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[2-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS (ES) m/z 447.2 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₂Cl₂N₂O.2.00 HCl,518.1425; found (ESI), 447.1962.

Example 1531-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared (3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-j) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. HRMS: calcd forC₂₁H₂₉BrN₂O₄, 452.1311; found (ESI_FT), 453.13746.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 2 tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateand 3,4-dichloro phenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,4′-dichloro-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateand 3,4-dichloro phenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,4′-dichloro-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 405.1499 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₂₆Cl₂N₂O.2.00 HCl,476.0956; found (ESI), 405.1499.

Example 1541-[1-(1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl) (1-hydroxycylclohexyl) aceticacid (Reference Example 1-xx) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 456 ([M+H]+);

HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₇N₃O₄, 455.2784; found (ESI_FT), 456.28501.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 342 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₁N₃O.2.00 HCl, 413.2001;found (ESI_FT), 342.25347

Example 155 1-[1-(1H-indol-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silanyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (1-(tert-Butyl-dimethyl-silanyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)(1-hydroxycylclohexyl) acetic acid (Reference Example 1-yy) andtert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(1H-indol-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol dihydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silanyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 328 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉N₃O.2.00 HCl, 399.1844;found (ESI_FT), 328.23696

Example 156 1-[1-(2-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 141, step 1 (2-chlorothien-3-yl)aceticacid was prepared from 2-thiophene acetic acid and 1 equivalent ofN-chlorosuccinimide. MS (ESI) m/z 175/177 ([M+H]+);

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(2-chlorothien-3-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate was prepared from(2-chlorothien-3-yl)acetic acid and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 289.0 ([M+H−C4H8]+); HRMS: calcd for C15H21ClN2O3S,344.0961; found (ESI), 345.1057.

In an analogous manner to Example 141, step 3 tert-butyl4-[(2-chlorothien-3-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(2-chlorothien-3-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate andcyclohexanone.

In an anlogous manner to Example 135, step 2 tert-butyl4-[2-(2-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(2-chlorothien-3-yl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 429/431 ([M+H]+); HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₃ClN₂O₃S, 428.1900;found (ESI), 429.1967

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(2-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-piperazine-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(2-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 329/331 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₆H₂₅ClN₂OS.2.00 HCl,400.0910; found (ESI), 329.1442.

Example 157 1-[1-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-zz) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 479 ([M+H]+); Anal. Calcd for C₂₉H₃₈N₂O₄: C, 72.77; H, 8.00;N, 5.85. Found: C, 72.69; H, 8.39; N, 5.80.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 21-[1-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 365 ([M+H]+) HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₂N₂O.HCl, 400.2281; found(ESI_FT), 365.25908.

Example 1581-[1-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (seeExample 157). MS (ESI) m/z 379 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₄N₂O.HCl,414.2438; found (ESI_FT), 379.27468.

Example 1591-[1-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (seeExample 144). MS (ES) m/z 343.2 ([M+H]+); HRMS: calcd forC₁₇H₂₇ClN₂OS.2.00 HCl, 414.1066; found (ESI), 343.1596.

Example 160 1-[1-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

Step 1: A mixture of tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 135, step 2) (467 mg, 1.00 mmol), zinc cyanide (141 mg,1.20 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (46 mg, 0.0500 mmol),1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (55 mg, 0.100 mmol), and zinc dust(16 mg, 0.25 mmol) in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (5 mL) was heatedat 125° C. under nitrogen until all starting material was consumed (5h). After cooling to room temperature, water (10 mL) and a 2 N aqueoussolution of ammonium hydroxide (5 mL) were added and the mixture wasextracted with ethyl acetate (1×20 mL). The combined organic extractswere washed with brine (15 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, andconcentrated to give a brown solid, which was purified via flash columnchromatography (silica, gradient from 5% ethyl acetate/hexane to 30%ethyl acetate/hexane) to yield 345 mg (84%) tert-butyl4-[2-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateas a yellow solid. MS (ESI) m/z 414 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₄H₃₅N₃O₃, 413.2678; found (ESI), 414.2745.

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[1-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol dihydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 314 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₇N₃O.2.00 HCl, 385.1688;found (ESI), 314.2225.

Example 1611-[1-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (see Example160). MS (ES) m/z 328.2 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉N₃O.2.00 HCl,399.1844; found (ESI), 328.2383.

Example 162 1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(3-vinylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

Step 1: A mixture of tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 135, step 2) (141 mg, 0.300 mmol), tributyl(vinyl)tin (114mg, 0.360 mmol, 1.2 equivalent), andtetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (17 mg, 0.015 mmol, 5 mol %) intoluene (3 mL) was heated at reflux under nitrogen until all startingmaterial was consumed and precipitation of black palladium occurred (1-2h). Filtration through Celite® and purification via flash columnchromatography (silica, gradient from 0% ethyl acetate/hexane to 10%ethyl acetate/hexane) yielded 111 mg (90%) tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(3-vinylphenyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateas a viscous colorless oil. MS (ES) m/z 415.4 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₅H₃₈N₂O₃, 414.2882; found (ESI), 415.2966.

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(3-vinylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol dihydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(3-vinylphenyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 315 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₀N₂O.2.00 HCl, 386.1892;found (ESI), 315.242.

Example 163 1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-vinylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(4-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (4-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-h) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ESI)m/z 481/483 ([M+H]⁺); Anal. Calcd for C₂₃H₃₃BrN₂O₄: C, 57.38; H, 6.91;N, 5.82. Found: C, 57.06; H, 6.69; N, 5.73.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 2, tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(4-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 467/469 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 162, step 1, tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-vinylphenyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

MS (ES) m/z 415.4 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₈N₂O₃, 414.2882; found(ESI), 415.2975.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-vinylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol dihydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-vinylphenyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 315.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₀N₂O.2.00 HCl,386.1892; found (ESI), 315.2424.

Example 1641-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 162, step 1, tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 163, step 2) using (1-propynyl)tributyltin. MS (ESI) m/z427 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₈N₂O₃, 426.2882; found (ESI),427.2945.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 327 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₀N₂O.2.00 HCl, 398.1892;found (ESI), 327.2425.

Example 1651-[1-(2′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

Step 1: In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(2′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 163, step 2) using 2-chlorophenylboronic acid. MS (ESI) m/z499 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₉H₃₉ClN₂O₃, 498.2649; found (ESI),499.2745.

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[1-(2′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(2′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 399 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₁ClN₂O.2.00 HCl,470.1658; found (ESI), 399.2200.

Example 1661-[1-(3′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(3′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 163, step 2) using 3-fluorophenylboronic acid. MS (ESI) m/z483 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[1-(3′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 383.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₁FN₂O.2.00 HCl,454.1954; found (ESI), 383.2494.

Example 1671-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 163, step 2) using 3-chlorophenylboronic acid. MS (ES) m/z499.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₉H₃₉ClN₂O₃, 498.2649; found (ESI),499.2738.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

MS (ESI) m/z 399/401 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₁ClN₂O.2.00 HCl,470.1658; found (ESI), 399.2211.

Example 1681-[1-(3′-cyano-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(3′-cyano-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 163, step 2) using 3-cyanophenylboronic acid. MS (ESI) m/z490 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[1-(3′-cyano-111′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3′-cyano-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 390.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₁N₃O.2.00 HCl,461.2001; found (ESI), 390.2532.

Example 1691-[1-(3′-nitro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(3′-nitro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 163, step 2) using 3-nitrophenylboronic acid. MS (ES) m/z510.3 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[1-(3′-nitro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-yethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(3′-nitro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 410.3 ([M+H]+); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₁N₃O₃.2.00 HCl,481.1899; found (ESI), 410.2452.

Example 1701-[1-(3′-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(3′-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 163, step 2) using 3-methoxyphenylboronic acid. MS (ES) m/z495.4 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step4,1-[1-(3′-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(3′-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 395.4 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₄N₂O₂.2.00 HCl,466.2154; found (ESI), 395.2697.

Example 1711-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-{2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 163, step 2) using 3-trifluoromethoxy phenylboronic acid.MS (ES) m/z 549.4 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-{2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 449.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₁F₃N₂O₂.2.00 HCl,520.1871; found (ESI), 449.2389.

Example 1721-[1-(4′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(4′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 163, step 2) using 4-chlorophenylboronic acid. MS (ESI) m/z499 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₉H₃₉ClN₂O₃, 498.2649; found (ESI),499.2718;

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[1-(4′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

MS (ESI) m/z 399 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₁ClN₂O.2.00 HCl,470.1658; found (ESI), 399.2209.

Example 1731-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 163, step 2) using 3,4-dichlorophenylboronic acid. MS m/z533/535/537 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₉H₃₈Cl₂N₂O₃, 532.2259; found(ESI), 533.2329.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 433 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₀Cl₂N₂O.2.00 HCl,504.1269; found (ESI), 433.1793.

Example 174 1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-thien-3-ylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-thien-3-ylphenyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 163, step 2) using 3-thiopheneboronic acid. MS (ES) m/z471.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₈N₂O₃S, 470.2603; found (ESI),471.2678.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-thien-3-ylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-thien-3-ylphenyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS m/z 371 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₀N₂OS.2.00 HCl, 442.1612;found (ESI), 371.2144.

Example 1751-[1-(2′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(2′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(2′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 165). MS (ESI) m/z 413/415 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₅H₃₃ClN₂O.2.00 HCl, 484.1815; found (ESI), 413.2365.

Example 1761-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 167). MS (ESI) m/z 413/415 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₅H₃₃ClN₂O.2.00 HCl, 484.1815; found (ESI), 413.2347.

Example 1771-[1-(3′-cyano-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3′-cyano-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3′-cyano-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 168). MS (ESI) m/z 404 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₆H₃₃N₃O.2.00 HCl, 475.2157; found (ESI), 404.2708.

Example 1781-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(3′-nitro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(3′-nitro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3′-nitro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 169). MS (ESI) m/z 424 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₅H₃₃N₃O₃.2.00 HCl, 495.2055; found (ESI), 424.2603.

Example 1791-[1-(3′-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3′-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3′-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 170). MS (ESI) m/z 409 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₆H₃₆N₂O₂.2.00 HCl, 480.2310; found (ESI), 409.2844.

Example 1801-[1-(4′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[1-(4-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol was preparedfrom tert-butyl4-[(4-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 163, step 1). MS (ESI) m/z 367/369 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcdfor C₁₈H₂₇BrN₂O.2.00 HCl, 438.0840; found (ESI), 367.1365.

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol wasprepared from 1-[1-(4-bromophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol.MS (ESI) m/z 381/383 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₉BrN₂O, 380.1463;found (ESI), 381.1525.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3,1-[1-(4′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol using4-fluorophenylboronic acid. Salt formation: A solution of1-[1-(4′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol,in diethyl ether (2 mL) was treated with a 4 N solution of hydrogenchloride in dioxane (1 mL) and stored in the refrigerator for 16 h. Theresulting crystals were collected, washed with diethyl ether, and driedin vacuo to yield1-[1-(4′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride. MS (ESI) m/z 397 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₅H₃₃FN₂O.2.00 HCl, 468.2110; found (ESI), 397.2639

Example 1811-[1-(4′-methyl-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3,1-[1-(4′-methyl-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol (seeExample 180, step 3) using 4-tolylboronic acid. Salt formation: Asolution of1-[1-(4′-methyl-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol,in diethyl ether (2 mL) was treated with a 4 N solution of hydrogenchloride in dioxane (1 mL) and stored in the refrigerator for 16 h. Theresulting crystals were collected, washed with diethyl ether, and driedin vacuo to yield1-[1-(4′-methyl-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride. MS (ESI) m/z 393 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₆H₃₆N₂O.2.00 HCl, 464.2361; found (ESI), 393.2913.

Example 1821-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl4-[(4-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (4-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-ww) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 453/455 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 2, tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(4-bromophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 439/441 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateusing 3-chlorophenylboronic acid. MS (ES) m/z 471.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS:calcd for C₂₇H₃₅ClN₂O₃, 470.2336; found (ESI), 471.2405.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

MS (ES) m/z 371.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₂₇ClN₂O.2.00 HCl,442.1345; found (ESI), 371.1897.

Example 1831-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}cyclobutanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-{2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)-2-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 182, step 2) using 3-trifluoromethoxyphenylboronic acid. MS(ES) m/z 521.4 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₈H₃₅F₃N₂O₄, 520.2549; found(ESI), 521.2639.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-{2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)-2-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 421.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₂₇F₃N₂O₂.2.00 HCl,492.1558; found (ESI), 421.2097.

Example 1841-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 182, step 2) using 3,4-dichlorophenylboronic acid. MS (ES)m/z 505.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₄Cl₂N₂O₃, 504.1946; found(ESI), 505.2036.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 405.3 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₂₆Cl₂N₂O.2.00 HCl,476.0956; found (ESI), 405.1486.

Example 1851-[1-(3′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 182, step 2) using 3,5-dichlorophenylboronic acid. MS (ES)m/z 505.2 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₄Cl₂N₂O₃, 504.1946; found(ESI), 505.2007;

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[1-(3′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 405.2 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₂₆Cl₂N₂O.2.00 HCl,476.0956; found (ESI), 405.151.

Example 1861-{2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl((3R)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-3-yl)carbamatewas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-f) and (R)-(+)-3-t-butoxycarbonylaminopiperidine (Moon, S.;Lee, S., Synth. Commun. 1998, 28(21), 3919-3926.) MS (ES) m/z 501.1

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 21-{2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl((3R)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-3-yl)carbamate.MS m/z 401; HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₁F₃N₂O₂+H, 401.24159; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 401.2406.

Example 1871-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl((3R)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-3-yl)carbamatewas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-f) and (R)-(+)-3-t-butoxycarbonylaminopiperidine (Moon, S.;Lee, S., Synth. Commun. 1998, 28(21), 3919-3926.) MS (ES) m/z 501.1

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl((3R)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-3-yl)carbamate.HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O₂+H, 387.22594; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),387.2248.

Example 1881-{2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 187). MS (ESI) m/z 415; HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₃F₃N₂O₂+H,415.25724; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 415.2596.

Example 1891-{2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl((3S)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-3-yl)carbamatewas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-f) and (S)-(+)-3-t-butoxycarbonylaminopiperidine (Moon, S.;Lee, S., Synth. Commun. 1998, 28(21), 3919-3926.) MS (ES) m/z 501.1

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-{2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl((3S)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-3-yl)carbamate.MS m/z 401; HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₁F₃N₂O₂+H, 401.24159; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 401.2419.

Example 1901-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl((3S)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-3-yl)carbamatewas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-f) and (S)-(+)-3-t-butoxycarbonylaminopiperidine (Moon, S.;Lee, S., Synth. Commun. 1998, 28(21), 3919-3926.) MS (ES) m/z 501.1

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl((3R)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-3-yl)carbamate.HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O₂+H, 387.22594; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),387.2248.

Example 1911-{2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 190). MS (ESI) m/z 415; HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₃F₃N₂O₂+H,415.25724; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 415.2549.

Example 1921-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-eee) and (R)-(+)-3-t-butoxycarbonylaminopiperidine(Moon, S.; Lee, S., Synth. Commun. 1998, 28(21), 3919-3926.) MS (ES) m/z557.1

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-3-yl}carbamate.MS m/z 457; HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₇ClN₂O₂+H, 457.26218; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 457.2622.

Example 1931-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-eee) and (R)-(+)-3-t-butoxycarbonylaminopiperidine(Moon, S.; Lee, S., Synth. Commun. 1998, 28(21), 3919-3926.) MS (ES) m/z557.1

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-3-yl}carbamate.MS m/z 443; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₅ClN₂O₂+H, 443.24653; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 443.2487.

Example 1941-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(SeeExample 193). MS (ESI) m/z 415; HRMS: calcd for C₂₈H₃₉ClN₂O₂+H,471.27783; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 471.2767.

Example 1951-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-eee) and (S)-(+)-3-t-butoxycarbonylaminopiperidine(Moon, S.; Lee, S., Synth. Commun. 1998, 28(21), 3919-3926.) MS (ES) m/z557.1

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-3-yl}carbamateMS m/z 457; HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₇ClN₂O₂+H, 457.26218; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 457.2619

Example 1961-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-eee) and (S)-(+)-3-t-butoxycarbonylaminopiperidine(Moon, S.; Lee, S., Synth. Commun. 1998, 28(21), 3919-3926.) MS (ES) m/z557.1

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-3-yl}carbamate.MS m/z 443; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₅ClN₂O₂+H, 443.24653; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 443.2482.

Example 1971-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 196). HRMS: calcd for C₂₈H₃₉ClN₂O₂+H, 471.27783; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 471.2766.

Example 1981-1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1a) and(3S)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 437.0

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamateMS (ES) m/z 337.2; HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₉ClN₂O+H, 337.20467; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 337.2034.

Example 1991-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 198). MS (ES) m/z 351.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₁ClN₂O+H,351.22031; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 351.2189.

Example 2001-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1a) and(3R)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS m/z 437

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamateMS (ES) m/z 337.1; HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₉ClN₂O+H, 337.20467; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 337.2043.

Example 2011-[2-[(3R)-3-aminorvrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1a) and(3R)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS m/z 437

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamateMS (ESI) m/z 323; HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₇ClN₂O+H, 323.18901; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 323.1895.

Example 2021-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol(See Example 201). MS (ESI) m/z 351; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₁ClN₂O+H,351.22031; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 351.2193.

Example 2031-[2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1q) and(3S)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS m/z 437

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-[2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamateMS (ESI) m/z 353; HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₂N₂O+H, 353.25929; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 353.2582.

Example 2041-2-[(3S)3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1 q) and(3S)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS m/z 437

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamateMS (ESI) m/z 339;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₀N₂O+H, 339.24364; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 339.2441.

Example 2051-[2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-[2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol (SeeExample 204). MS (ES) m/z 367.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₄N₂O+H, 367.27494;found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 367.2729.

Example 2061-[2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-e) and(3S)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 453.2

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-[2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamateMS (ESI) m/z 353; HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₂N₂O+H, 353.25929; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 353.2589.

Example 2071-[2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1e) and(3S)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 453.2

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamateMS (ESI) m/z 339;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₀N₂O+H, 339.24364; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 339.2421.

Example 2081-[2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-[2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol (SeeExample 207). MS (ES) m/z 367.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₄N₂O+H, 367.27494;found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 367.275.

Example 2091-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1eee) and(3S)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 543.0

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamateMS (ES) m/z 443.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₅ClN₂O₂+H, 443.24653; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 443.2449.

Example 2101-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1eee) and(3S)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 543.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamateMS (ES) m/z 429.0; HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₃ClN₂O₂+H, 429.23088; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 429.232.

Example 2111-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from,1-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 210). MS (ES) m/z 457.0; HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₇ClN₂O₂+H,457.26218; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 457.2636.

Example 2121-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (4-benzyloxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic(Reference Example 1n) and(3S)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 509.0

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamateMS (ES) m/z 409.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₆N₂O₂+H, 409.28550; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 409.2841

Example 213 1-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[4(benzyloxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol dihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (4-benzyloxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic(Reference Example 1 n) and(3S)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 509.0

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamateMS (ES) m/z 395.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₄N₂O₂+H, 395.26985; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 395.2696.

Example 2141-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from,1-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 213). MS (ES) m/z 423.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₈N₂O₂+H,423.30115; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 423.302

Example 2151-{2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl((3S)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamatewas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1f) and (3S)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS(ES) m/z 487.0

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-{2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl((3S)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamateMS (ES) m/z 387.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O₂+H, 387.22594; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 387.2255.

Example 2161-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl((3S)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamatewas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1f) and (3S)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS(ES) m/z 487.0

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl((3S)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamateMS (ESI) m/z 373; HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₇F₃N₂O₂+H, 373.21029; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 373.2106.

Example 2171-{2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from,1-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 216). MS (ESI) m/z 401; HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₁F₃N₂O₂+H,401.24159; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 401.2413.

Example 2181-{2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl((3R)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamatewas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1f) and (3R)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS(ES) m/z 487.0

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-{2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl((3R)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamateMS m/z 387; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O₂+H, 387.22594; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 387.225.

Example 2191-{2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from,1-{2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 218). MS (ESI) m/z 401;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₁F₃N₂O₂+H, 401.24159; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),401.2397.

Example 2201-{2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl((3S)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetyl}pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]aceticacid (Reference Example 1m) and(3S)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 471.1

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-{2-[(3S)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl((3S)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetyl}pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamateMS (ESI) m/z 371; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O+H, 371.23102; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 371.2293.

Example 2211-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl((3S)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetyl{pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]aceticacid (Reference Example 1m) and(3S)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 471.1

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl((3S)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetyl}pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamateMS (ESI) m/z 357; HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₇F₃N₂O+H, 357.21537; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 357.2139.

Example 2221-{2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{2-[(3S)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from,1-{2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 221). MS (ES) m/z 385.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₁F₃N₂O+H,385.24667; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 385.2454.

Example 2231-{2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl((3R)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethylphenyl]acetyl}pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]aceticacid (Reference Example 1m) and(3R)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 471.0

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-{2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl((3R)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetyl}pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamateMS (ES) m/z 371.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O+H, 371.23102; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 371.2296.

Example 2241-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl((3R)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetyl}pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]aceticacid (Reference Example 1m) and(3R)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 471.0

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl((3R)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetyl}pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamateMS (ES) m/z 357.1; HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₇F₃N₂O+H, 357.21537; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 357.2154.

Example 2251-{2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from,1-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol_(SeeExample 224). MS (ESI) m/z 385; HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₁F₃N₂O+H,385.24667; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 385.2454.

Reference Example 2-a Alkylation Reaction: Preparation of AcidIntermediates

A solution of diisopropylamine (1.80 mL, 12.9 mmol) in drytetrahydrofuran (6 mL) under nitrogen was cooled to −78° C. and treateddropwise with a solution of n-butyllithium (2.4 M in hexanes, 5.4 mL,12.9 mmol). The resulting solution was warmed to 0° C. and stirred for15 min. The solution was re-cooled to −78° C. and treated, via cannula,with a solution of 3-chlorophenylacetic acid (1.0 g, 5.9 mmol) intetrahydrofuran (6 mL). The reaction was then allowed to warm to 25° C.where it was stirred for 45 minutes and was then re-cooled to −78° C.Cyclopentyl bromide (0.76 mL, 7.1 mmol) was then added via syringe, andthe resulting mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 1 hour. The reactionmixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and then stirredovernight. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of a saturatedaqueous solution of ammonium chloride, and the tetrahydrofuran wasremoved in vacuo. The resulting residue was dissolved in a 2N aqueoussolution of sodium hydroxide (30 mL) and washed with ethyl acetate (1×15mL). The aqueous layer was then acidified to pH =1 with the addition ofa 2 N aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid. The product was extractedwith ethyl acetate (3×15 mL), and the combined organic extracts weredried over magnesium sulfate, concentrated in vacuo and the product waspurified via Biotage Horizon (FLASH 25 M, silica, gradient from 0%EtOAc/hexane to 40% EtOAc/hexane) to yield 1.08 g (79%)(3-chlorophenyl)(cyclopentyl)acetic acid as a clear oil. HRMS: calcd forC₁₃H₁₅ClO2−H, 237.06823; found (ESI, [M−H]−), 237.0682

-   -   ss) In an analogous manner, (3-chlorophenyl)(cyclohexyl)acetic        acid was prepared from 3-chlorophenylacetic acid and        cyclohexylbromide. HRMS: calcd for C₁₄H₁₇ClO₂−H, 251.0817; found        (ESI, [M−H]⁻), 251.0849.    -   tt) In an analogous manner, (3-chlorophenyl)(cyclohetvyl)acetic        acid was prepared from 3-chlorophenylacetic acid and        cycloheptylbromide. HRMS: calcd for C₁₅H₁₉ClO₂−H, 265.0974;        found (ESI, [M−H]³¹ ), 265.0985.    -   uu) In an analogous manner,        (3-chlorophenyl)(2-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid was prepared        from 3-chlorophenylacetic acid and cyclohexene oxide. HRMS:        calcd for C₁₄H₁₇ClO₃−H, 267.0766; found (ESI, [M−H]⁻), 267.0779

Example 226 1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclopentylethyl]piperazinedihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl4-[(3-chlorophenyl)(cyclopentyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate wasprepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(cyclopentyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 2-a) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. HRMS: calcd forC₂₂H₃₁ClN₂O₃+H, 407.2123; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 407.2094.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclopentylethyl]piperazine dihydrochloride wasprepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-chlorophenyl)(cyclopentyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate HRMS:calcd for C₁₇H₂₅ClN₂+H, 293.17845; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 293.1776.

Example 227 1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclopentylethyl]-4-methylpiperazinedihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclopentylethyl]-4-methylpiperazinedihydrochloride was prepared from,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclopentylethyl]piperazine (See Example 226).MS (ES) m/z 307.2;

HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₇ClN₂+H, 307.19410; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 307.1935.

Example 2281-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclopentylethyl]-N-methylpiperidin-4-aminedihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(cyclogentyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate wasprepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(cyclopentyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 2-a) and 4-N-Boc-aminopiperidine. HRMS: calcd forC₂₃H₃₃ClN₂O₃+H, 421.2280; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 421.2269.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step2,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclopentylethyl]-N-methylpiperidin-4-aminedihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(cyclopentyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate MS (ES)m/z 321.2; HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₉ClN₂+H, 321.20975; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),321.2088.

Example 2291-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclopentylethyl]-N,N-dimethylpiperidin-4-aminedihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example36,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclopentylethyl]-N,N-dimethylpiperidin-4-aminedihydrochloride was prepared from,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclopentylethyl]-N-methylpiperidin-4-amine_(SeeExample 228).

MS (ES) m/z 335.2;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₁ClN₂+H, 335.22540; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 335.2243.

Example 230 1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclohexylethyl]piperazinedihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl4-[(3-chlorophenyl)(cyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate wasprepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(cyclohexyl)acetic acid (Reference Example2-b) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. HRMS: calcd forC₂₃H₃₃ClN₂O₃+H, 421.2280; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 421.2261.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclohexylethyl]piperazine dihydrochloride wasprepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-chlorophenyl)(cyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate HRMS:calcd for C₁₈H₂₇ClN₂+H, 307.19410; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 307.1943.

Example 231 1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclohexylethyl]-4-methylpiperazinedihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclohexylethyl]-4-methylpiperazinedihydrochloride was prepared from,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclohexylethyl]piperazine (See Example 230). MS(ES) m/z 321.2;

HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₉ClN₂+H, 321.20975; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 321.2108.

Example 2321-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclohexylethyl]-N-methylpiperidin-4-aminedihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(cyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate wasprepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(cyclohexyl)acetic acid (Reference Example2-b) and 4-N-Boc-aminopiperidine. HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₅ClN₂O₃+H,435.2436; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 435.2422.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step2,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclohexylethyl]-N-methylpiperidin-4-aminedihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(cyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate MS (ES)m/z 335.3;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₁ClN₂+H, 335.22540; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 335.2245.

Example 2331-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclohexylethyl]-N,N-dimethylpiperidin-4-aminedihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclohexylethyl]-N,N-dimethylpiperidin-4-aminedihydrochloride was prepared from,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclohexylethyl]-N-methylpiperidin-4-amine (SeeExample 232).

HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₃ClN₂+H, 349.24105; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 349.2422.

Example 234 1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cycloheptylethyl]piperazinedihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl4-[(3-chlorophenyl)(cycloheptyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate wasprepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(cycloheptyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 2-c) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS m/z 379

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step2,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cycloheptylethyl]piperazine dihydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-chlorophenyl)(cycloheptyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate MS (ES)m/z 321.2; HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H29ClN₂+H, 321.20975; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),321.2105.

Example 235 1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cycloheptylethyl]-4-methylpiperazinedihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example24,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cycloheptylethyl]-4-methylpiperazinedihydrochloride was prepared from,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cycloheptylethyl]piperazine_(See Example 234).MS (ES) m/z 335.2;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₁ClN₂+H, 335.22540; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 335.2253.

Example 2361-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cycloheptylethyl]-N-methylpiperidin-4-aminedihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(cycloheptyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate wasprepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(cycloheptyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 2-c) and and 4-N-Boc-aminopiperidine. MS m/z 449

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cycloheptylethyl]-N-methylpiperidin-4-aminedihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(cycloheptyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate MS (ES)m/z 349.2; HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₃ClN₂+H, 349.24105; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),349.2412.

Example 2371-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cycloheptylethyl]-N,N-dimethylpiperidin-4-aminedihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cycloheptylethyl]-N,N-dimethylpiperidin-4-aminedihydrochloride was prepared from,1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cycloheptylethyl]-N-methylpiperidin-4-amine (SeeExample 236).

MS (ES) m/z 363.3;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₅ClN₂+H, 363.25670; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 363.2578.

Example 238 2-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

Step 1: A solution of (3-chlorophenyl)(2-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 2-d) (1.25 g, 4.66 mmol),benzotriazol-1-yloxytris(dimethylaminop)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate(3.1 g, 7.0 mmol), and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate (0.87 g, 4.66mmol) in methylene chloride (12 mL) was treated with triethylamine (0.98mL, 7.0 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 25° C. for 16 h, after whichtime the solvent was removed in vacuo and the product was purified viaBiotage Horizon (FLASH 40 M, silica, gradient from 0% EtOAc/hexane to25% EtOAc/hexane) to yield 0.97 g (83%) the lactone,3-(3-chlorophenyl)hexahydro-1-benzofuran-2(3H)-one as a clear oil. HRMS:calcd for C₁₄H₁₅ClO₂+H, 251.0861; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 251.0844.

Step 2: A solution of 3-(3-chlorophenyl)hexahydro-1-benzofuran-2(3H)-one(540 mg, 2.19 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (7 mL) was cooled to −78° C.under nitrogen and was treated dropwise with a solution of DiBAL (1.0 Min toluene, 3.07 mL, 3.07 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred at−78° C. for 2 h, after which time the reaction was treated a 1 M aqueoussolution of sulfuric acid to dissolve precipitated salts. The reactionmixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and was partitionedbetween diethyl ether and water. The organic layer was washed with asaturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate, water, and brine andwas dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The crudeproduct was purified via Biotage Horizon (FLASH 25 M, silica, gradientfrom 0% EtOAc/hexane to 35% EtOAc/hexane) to yield 0.38 g (69%) thelactol, 3-(3-chlorophenyl)octahydro-1-benzofuran-2-ol as a white foam.

HRMS: calcd for C₁₄H₁₇ClO₂—H, 251.0817; found (ESI, [M−H]⁻), 251.0835.

Step 3: A solution of 3-(3-chlorophenyl)octahydro-1-benzofuran-2-ol (175mg, 0.69 mmol) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate (128 mg, 0.69mmol) in dichloroethane (3 mL) was treated with sodiumtrisacetoxyborohydride (220 mg, 1.04 mmol). The reaction was allowed tostir at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction was then diluted withmethylene chloride and washed with a saturated aqueious solution ofammonium chloride (3 times). The organic layer was dried over magnesiumsulfate and concentrated in vacuo and the product was purified viaBiotage Horizon (FLASH 25 M, silica, gradient from 0% EtOAc/hexane to30% EtOAc/hexane). This material was dissolved in methanol (0.5 mL) andtreated with a saturated methanolic solution of hydrochloric acid (0.5mL) followed by diethyl ether. After crystallizing in the refrigeratorfor 16 h, the resulting solid was collected, washed with diethyl etherand dried in vacuo to yield 250 mg (83%)2-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol dihydrochlorideas a white solid. HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₇ClN₂O+H, 323.18901; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 323.1891.

Example 2392-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 238, step 32-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from3-(3-chlorophenyl)octahydro-1-benzofuran-2-ol (see Example 238, Step 2)and N-Boc-4-aminopiperidine. HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₉ClN₂O+H, 337.20467;found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 337.2031.

Example 2401-{2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}piperidin-4-olHydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxa)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-olwas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-f) and 4-hydroxypiperidine. MS (ES) m/z 402.0

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}piperidin-4-olhydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-olMS (ES) m/z 388.0;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₈F₃NO₃+H, 388.20995; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 388.2103.

Example 2411-[2-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-olHydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-olwas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)aceticacid_(Reference Example 1-eee) and 4-hydroxypiperidine. MS (ES) m/z458.0

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step2,1-[2-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-olhydrochloride was prepared from1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-olMS (ES) m/z 444.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₄ClNO₃+H, 444.23055; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 444.2316.

Example 2421-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methoxypiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanolHydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methoxypiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example ieee) and 4-methoxypiperidine (Baker, W. R.; Fung, A.K. I, Kleinhart, H. D et. Al. J. Med. Chem. 1992, 35 (10), 1722-1734.)MS m/z 379

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methoxypiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methoxypiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolHRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₆ClNO₃+H, 458.24620; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 458.2443.

Example 2431-{(1S)-2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

Racemic tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 23, step 1) was dissolved in methanol at a concentration ofapproximately 50 mg/mL. The resulting solution was injected onto theSupercritical Fluid L. □Chromatography instrument with an injectionvolume of 750 The baseline resolved enantiomers, using the conditionsdescribed below, were collected. The enantiomeric purity of eachenantiomer was determined under the same Supercritical FluidChromatography conditions using a Chiralpak AD-H 5 u, 250 mm×4.6 mm IDcolumn at 2.0 mL/min flow rate using Analytical Supercritical FluidChromatography (Berger Instruments, Inc. Newark, Del. USA).

-   -   SFC Instrument: Berger MultiGram PrepSFC (Berger Instruments,        Inc. Newark, Del. 19702.    -   Column: Chiralpak AD-H; 5 u; 250 mm L×20 mm ID (Chiral        Technologies, Inc, Exton, Pa., USA)    -   Column temperature: 35° C.    -   SFC Modifier: 10% EtOH    -   Flow rate: 50 mL/min        -   Outlet Pressure: 100 bar    -   Detector: UV at 220 nm        tert-butyl        4-{(2R)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate        was isolated at peak 1. MS (ES) m/z 487.2; HRMS: calcd for        C₂₄H₃₃F₃N₂O₅+H, 487.2442+H; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 487.2428;        [α]_(D) ²⁵=+23° (c=0.00116 G/ML, EtOH);        tert-butyl        4-{(2S)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate        was isolated at peak 2. MS (ESI) m/z 487; HRMS: calcd for        C₂₄H₃₃F₃N₂O₅+H, 487.2442; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), [α]_(D) ²⁵=−19°        (c=0.0112 G/ML, MeOH).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{(1S)-2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-{(2R)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 373.2; HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₇F₃N₂O₂+H, 373.21029; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 373.2094; [α]_(D) ²⁵=+2.20 (c=0.0099 G/ML, MeOH).

Example 2441-{(1R)-2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{(1R)-2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-{(2S)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 243). MS (ES) m/z 373.1;

HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₇F₃N₂O₂+H, 373.21029; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),373.2102.

Example 2451-{(1S)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-{(1S)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from,1-{(1S)-2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol_(SeeExample 243). MS (ES) m/z 387.2; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O₂+H,387.22594; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 387.2249.

Example 2461-{(1R)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxyy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-{(1R)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from,1-{(1R)-2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 244). HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O₂+H, 387.22594; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 387.2269.

Example 2471-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 135). MS (ESI) m/z 447; HRMS: calcd for C25H32Cl2N2O+H,447.19699; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 447.1979.

Example 2481-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]ethylcyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-(3′-trifluoromethoxy-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 135, step 2) and 3-trifluoromethoxy phenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3′-trifluoromethoxy-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 449; HRMS: calcd for C25H31F3N2O2+H, 449.24159; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 449.2434.

Example 2491-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-(4′-trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 135, step 2) and 4-trifluoromethyl phenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4′-trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 433; HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₁F₃N₂₀+H, 433.24667; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 433.2474.

Example 2501-[1-(3′,4′-dimethoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,4′-dimethoxy-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 135, step 2) and 3′,4′-dimethoxy phenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(3′,4′-dimethoxy-0,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,4′-dimethoxy-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 425; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₆N₂O₃+H, 425.28042; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 425.2801.

Example 2511-{1-[6-methoxy-3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

Step 1: In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)aceticacid (Reference Example I-l) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 2 tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromo,4-methyoxyphenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

Step 3: In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-(1-Hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-2-(6-methoxy-3′-trifluoromethoxy-biphenyl-3-yl)-ethyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromo,4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateand 3-trifluoromethoxy phenyl boronic acid.

Step 4: In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-{1-[6-methoxy-3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(1-Hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-2-(6-methoxy-3′-trifluoromethoxy-biphenyl-3-yl)-ethyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylate.

MS (ESI) m/z 479; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₃F₃N₂O₃+H, 479.25215; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 479.2529.

Example 2521-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,4′-dichloro-6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared fromtert-butyl-4-[2-(3-bromo,4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 251, step 2) and 3,4-dichlorophenyl boronic acid. MS m/z563; HRMS: calcd for C₃₀H₄₀Cl2N2O4, 562.2365; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),563.2471.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3′,4′-dichloro-6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 463;

HRMS: calcd for C25H32Cl2N₂O2+H, 463.19191; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),463.1933.

Example253:1-{1-[6-methoxy-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-(4′-trifluoromethyl-6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared fromtert-butyl-4-[2-(3-bromo,4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 251, step 2) and 4-trifluoromethyl phenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-{1-[6-methoxy-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4′-trifluoromethyl-6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 463; HRMS: calcd for C26H33F3N2O2+H, 463.25724; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 463.256.

Example 2541-[1-(6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-(6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared fromtert-butyl-4-[2-(3-bromo,4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 251, step 2) and phenyl boronic acid.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-[1-(6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

MS (ES) m/z 395.2; HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₄N₂O₂+H, 395.2695; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 395.2693.

Example 2551-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 252). MS (ES) m/z 477.2; HRMS: calcd for C26H34Cl2N2O2+H,477.20756; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 477.2064.

Example 2561-[1-[6-methoxy-3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[6-methoxy-3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3′-trifluoromethoxy-6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 251). MS m/z 493; HRMS: calcd for C27H35F3N2O3+H,493.26780; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 493.2692.

Example 2571-[1-[6-methoxy-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[6-methoxy-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(6-methoxy-4′-(trifluormethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 253). MS m/z 477; HRMS: calcd for C27H35F3N2O2+H,477.27289; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 477.2728.

Example 2581-[(1)-1-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

R-tert-butyl4-[2-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas isolated from tert-butyl4-[2-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 144) by chiral column chromatography (Chiral OD-H, 100%acetonitrile, 16 ml/min). Elution time=9.9 min, (−)-CD

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[(1R)-1-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from the above isolated product. [α]_(D)²⁵=−15° (c=0.0092 G/ML, MeOH);

MS (ESI) m/z 343.1627; HRMS: calcd for C17H27ClN20S+H, 343.16108; found(ESI, [M+H]+), 343.1627.

Example 2591-[(1S)-1-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

S-tert-butyl4-[2-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas isolated from tert-butyl4-[2-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 144) by chiral column chromatography (Chiral OD-H, 100%acetonitrile, 16 ml/min). Elution time=11.8 min, (+)-CD

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[(1S)-1-(5-chlorothien-3-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from the above isolated product. [α]_(D)²⁵=+160 (c=0.0081 G/ML, MeOH);

MS (ESI) m/z 343; HRMS: calcd for C17H27ClN20S+H, 343.16108; found (ESI,[M+H]+), 343.1606.

Example 2601-[1-(5-chloro-1-benzothien-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

Step 1: In an analogous manner to Example 1 step 1, tert-butyl4-[(5-chloro-1-benzothien-3-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate wasprepared from 5-chlorobenzothiophene-3-acetic acid and tert-butyl1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ES) m/z 395.0; HRMS: calcd forC19H23ClN2O3S, 394.1118; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 395.1201.

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 141 step 3, tert-butyl4-[(5-chloro-1-benzothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(5-chloro-1-benzothien-3-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

Step 3: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step 2, tert-butyl4-[(5-chloro-1-benzothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(5-chloro-1-benzothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

Step 4: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step4,1-[1-(5-chloro-1-benzothien-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(5-chloro-1-benzothien-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateand isolated as a colorless powder. MS m/z 379; HRMS: calcd forC20H27ClN20S+H, 379.16108; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 379.1607.

Example 2611-[1-(1-benzothien-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

Step 1: A solution of benzo[b]thiophene-2-carbaldehyde (1.0 g, 6.17mmol) and carbon tetrabromide (3.1 g, 9.25 mmol) in methylene chloride(50 mL) was cooled to 0° C. A solution of triphenylphosphine (4.86 g,18.3 mmol) in methylene chloride (20 mL) was added dropwise. After ½hour the solution was placed on a plug of silica gel and eluted with 20%ethyl acetate:hexane. Concentration of the eluent resulted in theisolation of 1.3 g (67%) of 2-(2,2-Dibromo-vinyl)-benzo[b]thiophene as ayellow oil, which was used as such in the next step.

Step 2: A 50 mL round bottom flask was charged with2-(2,2-dibromo-vinyl)-benzo[b]thiophene (1.0 g, 3.17 mmol), tert-butyl1-piperazinecarboxylate (0.09 g, 4.76 mmol) and potassium hydroxide(0.71 g, 12.5 mmol). A solution of tetrahydrofuran:water (4:1) was addedand the solution was heated to 70° C. for 18 hours. At the end of thistime the solution was concentrated and the residue was diluted with a 2Naqueious solution of hydrochloric acid and extracted 3 times with ethylacetate. The ethyl acetate was dried and concentrated and the residuesubjected chromatography via Biotage (FLASH 40 M, silica, 60% ethylacetate/hexane) to yield 0.75 g (65%) of tert-butyl4-[2-(1-benzothien-2-yl)-1-hydroxyethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate as anoff white solid. MS (ES) m/z 305.1; HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₆N₂O₃S,362.1664; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 361.1569.

Step 3: In an analogous manner to Example 141 step 3, tert-butyl4-[(1-benzothien-2-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(1-benzothien-2-yl)-1-hydroxyethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate andused as such in the next step.

Step 4: In an analogous manner to Example 135, Step 2, tert-butyl4-[(1-benzothien-2-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-benzothien-2-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

Step 5: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step4,1-[1-(1-benzothien-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-benzothien-2-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 345.2; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₈N₂₀S+H, 345.20006; found (ESI,[M+H]+), 345.199.

Example 262 1-(2-piperazin-1-yl-1-quinolin-3-ylethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

Step 1: In an analogous manner to Example 261 step1,3-(2.2-Dibromo-vinyl)-quinoline was prepared fromquinoline-3-carboxaldehyde.

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 261 step 2, tert-butyl4-(quinolin-3-ylacetyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate was prepared from3-(2,2-Dibromo-vinyl)-quinoline.

MS m/z 356; HRMS: calcd for C20H25N3O3, 355.1896; found (ESI, [M+H]+),356.1963.

Step 3: In an analogous manner to Example 261 step 3, tert-butyl4-[(2-quinoline-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-(quinolin-3-ylacetyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.

Step 4: In an analogous manner to Example 261 step 4, tert-butyl4-[(2-quinoline-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(2-quinoline-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

Step 5: In an analogous manner to Example 261 step5,1-(2-piperazin-1-yl-1-quinolin-3-ylethyl)cyclohexanol dihydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(2-quinoline-3-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS m/z 340;

HRMS: calcd for C21H29N30+H, 340.23889; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 340.2402.

Example 2631-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

Step 1: A solution of 2-trifluoromethyl phenol (5.0 g, 30.86 mmol) andhexamethylenetetramine (8.64 g, 61.72 mmol) in trifluoracetic acid (50mL) was heated at 65° C. for 18 h. At the end of this time the solutionwas concentrated and diluted with a 2N aqueious solution of hydrochloricacid. The acid phase was extracted twice with ethyl acetate and thecombined organic extract dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated.The residue was subjected to chromatography via Biotage (FLASH 40 M,silica, 20% ethyl acetate/hexane) to yield 2.1 g (36%) of4-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde. MS (ES) m/z 188.9; HRMS:calcd for C8H5F3O2, 190.0242; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 191.0324.

Step 2: A solution of 4-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (1.5 g,8.0 mmol), benzyl bromide (1.51 g, 8.8 mmol) and potassium carbonate(1.66 g, 12.0 mmol) in dimethyl formamide (20 mL) was stirred water (100mL) and extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate extractswere combined and washed 2 times with water and dried over magnesiumsulfate. Concentration in vacuo yielded 1.7 g of4-benzyloxy-3-trifluoromethyl-benzaldehyde which was used as such in thenext step.

Step 3: In an analogous manner to Example 261 step1,1-benzyloxy-4-(2,2-dibromo-vinyl)-2-trifluoromethyl-benzene wasprepared from 4-benzyloxy-3-trifluoromethyl-benzaldehyde.

Step 4: In an analogous manner to Example 261, Step 2, tert-butyl4-{[4-(benzyloxy)-3-trifluoromethylphenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared1-benzyloxy-4-(2,2-dibromo-vinyl)-2-trifluoromethyl-benzene.

Step 5: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step 2, tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-{[4-(benzyloxy)-3-trifluoromethylphenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 577; HRMS: calcd for C31H39F3N2O5, 576.2811; found (ESI,[M+H]+), 577.2901.

Step 6: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 563.1; HRMS: calcd for C31H41F3N2O4, 562.3018; found (ESI,[M+H]+), 563.3096.

Step 7: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step4,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 463.0; HRMS: calcd for C26H33F3N2O2+H, 463.25724; found(ESI, [M+H]+), 463.2554.

Example 2641-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 477.1; HRMS: calcd for C27H35F3N2O2+H, 477.27289; found(ESI, [M+H]+), 477.2711.

Example 2651-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

Step 1: In an analogous manner to Example 263 step2,4-benzyloxy-3-bromo-benzaldehyde was prepared from3-bromo-4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde.

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 261 step1,1-benzyloxy-4-(2,2-dibromo-vinyl)-2-bromo-benzene was prepared from4-benzyloxy-3-bromo-benzaldehyde.

Step 3: In an analogous manner to Example 261 step 2, tert-butyl4-{[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromophenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate wasprepared from 1-benzyloxy-4-(2,2-dibromo-vinyl)-2-bromo-benzene. MS (ES)m/z 432.9; HRMS: calcd for C24H29BrN2O4, 488.1311; found (ESI, [M+H]+),489.1394.

Step 4: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step 2, tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from, tert-butyl4-{[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromophenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate. MS (ES)m/z 587.0; HRMS: calcd for C30H39BrN2O5, 586.2042; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),587.2139.

Step 5: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step 3, tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

Step 6: In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 487.0; HRMS: calcd for C26H35BrN2O2+H, 487.19601; found(ESI, [M+H]+), 487.1978.

Example 2662-(benzyloxy)-5-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]benzonitriledihydrochoride

Step 1: In an analogous manner to Example 160, step 1, tert-butyl4-r[4-(benzyloxy)-3-cyanophenyl(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(See Example 265, step 5).

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 135, step4,2-(benzyloxy)-5-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]benzonitriledihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-cyanophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 420.1; HRMS: calcd for C26H33N3O2+H, 420.26510; found (ESI,[M+H]+), 420.263.

Example 2672-(benzyloxy)-5-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]benzonitriledihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,2-(benzyloxy)-5-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]benzonitriledihydrochloride was prepared from2-(benzyloxy)-5-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]benzonitriledihydrochloride (See Example 267). MS m/z 434; HRMS: calcd forC27H35N3O2+H, 434.28075; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 434.2821.

Example 2681-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

Step 1: In an analogous manner to Example 263 step14-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)benzaldehyde. was prepared from2-trifluoromethoxy phenol. MS (ES) m/z 204.9; HRMS: calcd for C8H5F3O3,206.0191; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 207.0279.

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 263 step2,4-benzyloxy-3-trifluoromethoxy-benzaldehyde was prepared from4-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)benzaldehyde.

Step 3: In an analogous manner to Example 261 step1,1-benzyloxy-4-(2,2-dibromo-vinyl)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)-benzene wasprepared from 4-benzyloxy-3-trifluoromethoxy-benzaldehyde. HRMS: calcdfor C16H11Br2F3O2, 449.9078; found (EI, M+.), 449.9079

Step 4: In an analogous manner to Example 261, Step 2, tert-butyl4-{[4-(benzyloxy)-3-trifluoromethoxyohenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared1-benzyloxy-4-(2,2-dibromo-vinyl)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)-benzene.

Step 5: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step 2, tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-{[4-(benzyloxy)-3-trifluoromethoxyphenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate.

Step 6: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

Step 7: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step 4,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 479.0; HRMS: calcd for C26H33F3N2O3+H, 479.25215; found(ESI, [M+H]+), 479.2506.

Example 269 1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclooctanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclooctly)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate wasprepared from (1-naphthyl)(1-hydroxycyclooctyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-ddd) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ESI) m/z 481.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclooctanol dihydrochloride wasprepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclooctyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 367;

HRMS: calcd for C24H34N20+H, 367.27494; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 367.2732.

Example 2701-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclooctanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclooctanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclooctanol dihydrochloride(See Example 269). MS (ESI) m/z 381;

HRMS: calcd for C25H36N20+H, 381.29059; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 381.2893.

Example 271 1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cycloheptanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycycloheptyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate wasprepared from (1-naphthyl)(1-hydroxycycloheptyl)acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-fff) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ESI) m/z467.4.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cycloheptanol dihydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycycloheptyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate. MS(ES) m/z 353.3;

HRMS: calcd for C23H32N20+H, 353.25929; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 353.2609.

Example 2721-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cycloheptanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cycloheptanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cycloheptanol dihydrochloride(see Example 271). MS (ES) m/z 367.3; HRMS: calcd for C24H34N20+H,367.27494; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 367.2733.

Example 2734-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-3-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-methylbutan-2-oldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid(Reference Example 1-ggg) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine. MS (ESI) m/z411.0.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-3-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-methylbutan-2-oldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS (ESI) m/z 297;

HRMS: calcd for C16H25ClN20+H, 297.17337; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 297.1734.

Example 2743-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-2-methylbutan-2-oldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,3-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-2-methylbutan-2-oldihydrochloride was prepared from4-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-3-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-methylbutan-2-oldihydrochloride (See Example 273). MS (ESI) m/z 325; HRMS: calcd forC18H29ClN20+H, 325.20467; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 325.2063.

Example 275 3-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-4-piperazin-1-ylbutan-2-oldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid(Reference Example 1-ggg) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 397.0.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step2,3-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-4-piperazin-1-ylbutan-2-ol dihydrochloridewas prepared from 1 tert-butyl4-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 283.0; HRMS: calcd for C15H23ClN20+H, 283.15772; found (ESI,[M+H]+), 283.1581.

Example 2763-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)butan-2-oldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,3-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)butan-2-oldihydrochloride was prepared from3-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-4-piperazin-1-ylbutan-2-ol dihydrochloride(See Example 275). MS (ES) m/z 297.0; HRMS: calcd for C16H25ClN20+H,297.17337; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 297.1719.

Example 2771-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-3.3.5.5-tetramethylcyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl4-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxy-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxy-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-hhh) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step2,1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxy-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 379.3; HRMS: calcd for C22H35ClN2O+H, 379.25161; found (ESI,[M+H]+), 379.2527.

Example 2781-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride (See Example 277). MS (ESI) m/z 393; HRMS: calcd forC23H37ClN2O+H, 393.26727; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 393.2653.

Example 2791-[1-(5-methoxy-1-benzothien-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(5-methoxy-1-benzothien-3-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-(5-methoxy-benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)-acetic acid(Reference Example 1-iii) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ES) m/z 489.0.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step2,1-[1-(5-methoxy-1-benzothien-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(5-methoxy-1-benzothien-3-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 375.1; HRMS: calcd for C21H30N2O2S+H, 375.21062; found (ESI,[M+H]+), 375.2117.

Example 2801-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(5-methoxy-1-benzothien-3-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(5-methoxy-1-benzothien-3-yl)acetyl]piperidine-4-ylcarbamate was prepared from(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-(5-methoxy-benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)-acetic acid(Reference Example 1-iii) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step2,1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(5-methoxy-1-benzothien-3-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from, tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(5-methoxy-1-benzothien-3-yl)acetyl]piperidine-4-ylcarbamate. MS (ES) m/z 389.0; HRMS: calcd for C22H32N2O2S+H, 389.22627;found (ESI, [M+H]+), 389.2262.

Example 281 1-[1-(4-bromothien-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

Step 1: In an analogous manner to Example 261 step1,4-bromo-2-(2,2-dibromovinyl)thiophene was prepared from4-bromo-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde.

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 261 step 2, tert-butyl4-[(4-bromothien-2-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate was prepared from4-bromo-2-(2,2-dibromovinyl)thiophene.

Step 3: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step 2, tert-butyl4-[2-(4-Bromo-thiophen-2-yl)-2-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-acetyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(4-bromothien-2-yl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

Step 4: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step 3,4-[2-(4-Bromo-thiophen-2-yl)-2-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-ethyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from4-[2-(4-Bromo-thiophen-2-yl)-2-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-acetyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylate.

Step 5: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step 4,1-[1-(4-bromothien-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from4-[2-(4-Bromo-thiophen-2-yl)-2-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-ethyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 372.9; HRMS: calcd for C16H25BrN2OS+H, 373.09492; found(ESI, [M+H]+), 373.0932.

Example 2824-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]heptan-4-oldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-propylhexanoyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-propylhexanoic acid(Reference Example 1-u) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine. MS (ESI) m/z 411.0.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 24-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]heptan-4-oldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS (ES) m/z 353.3; HRMS: calcd for C20H33ClN2O+H, 353.23597; found (ESI,[M+H]+), 353.237.

Example 2831-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-methyl-4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine was prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl) [4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-g) and 1-methylpiperazine. MS(ESI) m/z 401 ([M+H]⁺)

In an analogous manner Example 1, step 21-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol dihydrochloride was prepared from1-methyl-4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine. MS(ESI) m/z 387 ([M+H]⁺)

Example 2841-{2-(1.4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[4-(triflluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-{2-(4-piperidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (Reference Example 1-g) and4-piperidinopiperidine. MS(ESI) m/z 469 ([M+H]⁺)

In an analogous manner Example 1, step 21-{2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[4-(triflluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol dihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-(4-piperidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanol.MS(ESI) m/z 455 ([M+H]⁺). Anal Calcd for C₂₅H₃₇F₃N₂O₂2HCl 0.1H₂O:C,56.92; H,7.45: N,5.31. Found: C, 56.39; H, 7.64; N,5.28

Example 2851-{2-[4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol dihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-{2-[4-(1.3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared was prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (Reference Example 1-g) and1-piperonylpiperazine. MS(ESI) m/z 521 ([M+H]⁺)

In an analogous manner Example 1, step 21-{2-[4-(1,3-benzoioxol-5-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-[4-(1,3-benzodixol-5-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanol.MS(ESI) m/z 507 ([M+H]⁺). Anal Calcd for C₂₇H₃₃F₃N₂O₄2HCl 0.25H₂O:C,55.53; H,6.13: N,4.80. Found: C, 55.29; H,6.14; N,4.74.

Example 2861-{2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol dihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-{2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (Reference Example 1-g) and1-cyclohexylmethyl)piperazine. MS(ESI) m/z 483 ([M+H]⁺)

In an analogous manner Example 1, step 21-{2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanol.MS(ESI) m/z 469 ([M+H]⁺). Anal Calcd for C₂₆H₃₉F₃N₂O₂2HCl: C,57.67;H,7.63: N,5.17. Found: C, 57.23; H,7.64; N,4.86

Example 2871-{2-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-{2-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (Reference Example 1-g) and1-ethylpiperazine. MS(ESI) m/z 415 ([M+H]⁺

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanol.MS(ESI) m/z 401 ([M+H]⁺). Anal Calcd for C₂₁H₃₁F₃N₂O₂2HCl 0.25H₂O:C,52.78; H,7.06: N,5.86. Found: C, 52.48; H,6.93; N,5.81.

Example 2881-{2-[cis-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[4(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-{2-[cis-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (Reference Example 1-g) andcis-2,6-dimethylpiperidine. MS(ESI) m/z 415 ([M+H]⁺

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-[cis-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-[cis-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanolMS(ESI) m/z 401 ([M+H]⁺). Anal Calcd for C₂₁H₃₁F₃N₂O₂2HCl 0.33H₂O:C,52.62; H,7.08: N,5.84. Found: C,52.69; H,6.97; N,5.61.

Example 2891-[1-(2′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(2′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(Example 163, step 2) using 2-fluorophenylboronic acid. MS (ESI) m/z 483([M+H]⁺);

HRMS: calcd for C₂₉H₃₉FN₂O₃+H, 483.3023; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 483.3006.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[1-(2′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(2′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 383 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₁FN₂O+H, 383.2499; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 383.2499.

Example 2904′-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-1,1′-biphenyl-2-carbonitriledihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(2′-cyano-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(Example 163, step 2) using 2-cyanophenylboronic acid. MS (ESI) m/z 490([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step4,4′-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-1,1′-biphenyl-2-carbonitriledihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(2′-cyano-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 390 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₁N₃O+H, 390.2545; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 390.2532.

Example 2911-[1-(2′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3, tert-butyl4-[2-(2′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(Example 163, step 2) using 2,5-diclorophenylboronic acid. MS (ESI) m/z533 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₉H₃₈Cl₂N₂O₃+H, 533.2338; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 533.2332.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[1-(2′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(2′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₀Cl₂N₂O+H, 433.1813; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 433.1806.

Example 2921-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(reference Example 1eee) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 543 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 2, tert-butyl4-[2-(4-benzyloxy-3-chlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 529/531 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(4-benzyloxy-3-chlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 429 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₃ClN₂O₂+H, 429.2309;found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 429.2318.

Example 2931-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol(Example 292). MS (ESI) m/z 443 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₆H₃₅ClN₂O₂+H, 443.2465; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 443.2459.

Example 2941-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanol(Example 182). MS (ESI) m/z 385 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₂₉ClN₂O+H,385.20467; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 385.2054.

Example 2951-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}cyclobutanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}cyclobutanol(Example 183). MS (ESI) m/z 435 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₄H₂₉F₃N₂O₂+H, 435.2259; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 435.2256.

Example 2961-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanol(Example 184). MS (ESI) m/z 419 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₃H₂₈Cl₂N₂O+H, 419.1657; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 419.1667.

Example 2971-[1-(3′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanol(Example 185). MS (ESI) m/z 419 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₃H₂₈Cl₂N₂O+H, 419.1657; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 419.1660.

Example 298 1-[1-(3-ethynylphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 162, step 1, tert-butyl4-(2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-{3-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]phenyl}ethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(Example 135, step 2) using (trimethylsilylethynyl)tributyltin. MS (ESI)m/z 485 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₈H₄₄N₂O₃Si+H, 485.3200; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 485.3202.

To a solution of tert-butyl4-(2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-{3-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]phenyl}ethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate(104 mg, 0.215 mmol) in methanol (3 mL) was added potassium carbonate(300 mg, 2.17 mmol) and the mixture was stirred for 30 min at roomtemperature. The reaction mixture was quenched with aqueous ammoniumchloride (5 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer waswashed with water, brine, dried (sodium sulfate), filtered andconcentrated to give a crude oil, which was purified via silica gelflash chromatography (gradient from 10% ethyl acetate/hexane to 30%ethyl acetate/hexane) to yield 70 mg (80%) tert-butyl4-[2-(3-ethynylphenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateas a white solid. MS (ESI) m/z 413 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd forC₂₅H₃₆N₂O₃+H, 413.2804; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 413.2809.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[1-(3-ethynylphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-ethynylphenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 313 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₈N₂O+H, 313.2280; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 313.2280.

Example 2991-[1-(3-ethynylphenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3-ethynylphenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-ethynylphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (Example 298).MS (ESI) m/z 327 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₀N₂O+H, 327.2436; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 327.2425.

Example 3001-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(3-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 162, step 1, tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(3-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(Example 135, step 2) using (1-propynyl)tributyltin. MS (ESI) m/z 427([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₈N₂O₃+H, 427.2961; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),427.2967.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(3-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(3-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 327 ([M+H]⁺); HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₀N₂O+H, 327.2436; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 327.2421.

Example 3011-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(3-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(3-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(3-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol (Example300). HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₂N₂O+H, 341.2593; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),341.2585.

Example 3021-{2-(4-benzyl-1.4-diazepan-1-yl)-1-[4(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-{2-(4-benzyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (Reference Example 1-g) and1-benzyl-homopiperazine. MS(ESI) m/z 491 ([M+H]⁺

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-(4-benzyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-(4-benzyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanol.

MS(ESI) m/z 477 ([M+H]⁺). Anal Calcd for C₂₇H₃₅F₃N₂O₂2HCl 1H₂O: C,57.14;H,6.93: N,4.94. Found: C,57.02; H,7.44; N,4.98

Example 3031-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl(1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(tyrifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (Reference Example 1-g) and4-N-BOC-aminopiperidine. MS(ESI) m/z 501 ([M+H]⁺)

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from 1 tert-butyl(1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)carbamate.MS(ESI) m/z 387 ([M+H]⁺). Anal Calcd for C₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O₂2HCl: C,52.29;H,6.80: N,6.10. Found: C, 52.22; H, 6.98; N,5.98

Example 3041-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclobutanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-carboxylatewas prepared from (1-hydoxycyclobutyl)[4-trifluoromethoxy)phenyl] aceticacid (Reference Example 1-aaa) and tert-butyl 1-piperazincarboxylate.MS(ESI) m/z 459 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclobutanoldihydrochloride was prepared from 1 tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-carboxylate.

MS(ESI) m/z 345 ([M+H]⁺). Anal Calcd for C₁₇H₂₃F₃N₂O₂2HCl 0.5 H₂O:C,47.90; H,6.15: N,6.57. Found: C, 47.81; H, 5.92; N,6.43

Example 305 1-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclobutanol dihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl(1-{(1-hydoxycyclobutyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydoxycyclobutyl)[4-trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]aceticacid (Reference Example 1-aaa) and 4-N-BOC-aminopiperidine. MS(ESI) m/z473 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclobutanol dihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl(1-{(1-hydoxycyclobutyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)carbamate.MS(ESI) m/z 359 ([M+H]⁺).

Example 306 1-{2-(4-methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl)cyclobutanol dihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-{2-(4-methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-oxo-ethyl)cyclobutanol was prepared from(1-hydoxycyclobutyl)[4-trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-aaa) and 1-methylhomopiperazine. MS(ESI) m/z 387 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-(4-methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl)cyclobutanol dihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-(4-methyl-11,4-diazepan-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-oxo-ethyl)cyclobutanol.

MS(ESI) m/z 373 ([M+H]⁺). Anal Calcd for C₁₉H₂₇F₃N₂O₂2HCl 0.60H₂O:C,50.03; H,6.67: N,6.10. Found: C, 49.88; H, 6.58; N,6.02.

Example 307 1-[1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cycohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(phenoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-carboxylatewas prepared from (1-hydoxycyclohexyl)[4-phenoxyphenyl] acetic acid(Reference Example 1-bbb) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.MS(ESI) m/z 495 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cycohexanol dihydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(phenoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-carboxylate.MS(ESI) m/z 381 ([M+H]⁺). Anal Calcd for C₂₄H₃₂N₂O₂2HCl 1H₂O: C,61.14;H,7.89: N,5.94. Found: C, 60.96; H, 7.89; N,5.96.

Example 3081-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethylcyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethy]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (1-hydoxycyclohexyl)[4-phenoxyphenyl] acetic acid(Reference Example 1-bbb) and 1-methylpiperazine. MS(ESI) m/z 409([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethy]cyclohexanol.MS(ESI) m/z 395 ([M+H]⁺). Anal Calcd for C₂₅H₃₄N₂O₂2HCl 0.9H₂O: C,62.08;H,7.88: N,5.79. Found: C, 62.26; H, 8.11; N,5.70.

Example 3091-2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (1-hydoxycyclohexyl)[4-phenoxyphenyl] acetic acid(Reference Example 1-bbb) and 1-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazine. MS(ESI)m/z 491 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol.MS(ESI) m/z 477 ([M+H]⁺). Anal Calcd for C₃₁H₄₄N₂O₂2HCl 1H₂O: C, 65.59;H,8.52: N,4.94. Found: C, 65.55; H,8.79; N,4.90.

Example 3101-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl(1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(phenoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydoxycyclohexyl)[4-phenoxy)phenyl] acetic acid(Reference Example 1-bbb) and 4-N-BOC-aminopiperidine. MS(ESI) m/z 509([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl(1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(phenoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)carbamate.MS(ESI) m/z 395 ([M+H]⁺).

Example 311 1-[1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethy]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(phenoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-carboxylatewas prepared from (1-hydoxycyclohexyl)[3-phenoxyphenyl] acetic acid(Reference Example 1-ccc) and tert-butyl 1-piperazincarboxylate. MS(ESI)m/z 495 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[i-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from 1 tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(phenoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-carboxylate.MS(ESI) m/z 381 ([M+H]⁺). Anal Calcd for C₂₄H₃₂N₂O₂2HCl 1.8H₂O: C,59.33;H,7.80: N,5.77. Found: C, 59.09; H, 7.7.15; N,5.48.

Example 3121-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethy]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethy]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (1-hydoxycyclohexyl)[3-phenoxyphenyl] acetic acid(Reference Example 1-ccc) and 1-methylpiperazine. MS(ESI) m/z 409([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)ethy]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethy]cyclohexanol.MS(ESI) m/z 395 ([M+H]⁺). Anal Calcd for C₂₅H₃₄N₂O₂2HCl 0.9H₂O: C,62.08;H,7.88: N,5.79. Found: C, 62.26; H, 8.11; N,5.70.

Example 3131-[2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol dihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (1-hydoxycyclohexyl)[3-phenoxyphenyl] acetic acid(Reference Example 1-ccc) and 1-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazine. MS(ESI)m/z 491 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from 11-[2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol._MS(ESI)m/z 477 ([M+H]⁺).

Example 3141-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[3-(phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step1,1-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[3-(phenoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (1-hydoxycyclohexyl)[3-phenoxyphenyl] acetic acid(Reference Example 1-ccc) and 4-piperidinopiperidine MS(ESI) m/z 477([M+H]⁺)

In an analogous manner Example 1, step 21-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[3-(phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[3-(phenoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolMS(ESI) m/z 463 ([M+H]⁺). Anal Calcd for C₃₀H₄₂N₂O₂2HCl 0.25H₂O:C,66.72; H,8.31: N,5.18. Found: C, 66.96; H,8.87; N,4.32

Example 3151-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl(1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(phenoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydoxycyclohexyl)[3-phenoxyphenyl] acetic acid(Reference Example 1-ccc) and 4-N-BOC-aminopiperidine. MS(ESI) m/z 509([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tertbutyl(1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(phenoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)carbamate.MS(ESI) m/z 395 ([M+H]⁺).

Example 3161-[1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (1-hydoxycyclohexyl)[3-phenoxyphenyl]acetic acid(Reference Example 1-ccc) and 4-pyrrolidinylpiperidine. MS(ESI) m/z 463([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol.MS(ESI) m/z 449 ([M+H]⁺).

Example 3171-[2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-[2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol (seeExample 32). HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₆N₂O+H, 381.29059; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 381.2887.

Example 3181-{1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 25). HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₅BrN₂O₂+H, 439.19601; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 439.1938.

Example 3191-{1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-bromophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol (seeExample 18).

HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₃BrN₂O+H, 409.18545; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 409.1841.

Example 3201-{1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 14).

HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₂Cl₂N₂O+H, 399.19699; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 399.197.

Example 3211-{2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(see Example 39). HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₃F₃N₂O+H, 399.26232; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 399.2607.

Example 3221-[2-(4-Methyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-[4-phenylmethoxy)phenyl]ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[2-(4-Methyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-[4-phenylmethoxy)phenyl]ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol (seeExample 27). MS (ESI) m/z 409; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₆N₂O₂+H, 409.28550;found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 409.2831.

Example 3231-{(1R)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

Racemic tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 292, step 1) was dissolved in methanol at a concentrationof approximately 50 mg/mL. The resulting solution was injected onto theSupercritical Fluid Chromatography instrument L.□ with an injectionvolume of 750 The baseline resolved enantiomers, using the conditionsdescribed below, were collected. The enantiomeric purity of eachenantiomer was determined under the same Supercritical FluidChromatography conditions using a Chiralpak AD-H 5 u, 250 mm×4.6 mm IDcolumn at 2.0 mL/min flow rate using Analytical Supercritical FluidChromatography (Berger Instruments, Inc. Newark, Del. USA).

-   -   SFC Instrument: Berger MultiGram PrepSFC (Berger Instruments,        Inc. Newark, Del. 19702.    -   Column: Chiralcel OJ-H; 5 u; 250 mm L×20 mm ID (Chiral        Technologies, Inc, Exton, Pa., USA)    -   Column temperature: 35° C.    -   SFC Modifier: 40% MeOH    -   Flow rate: 60 mL/min    -   Outlet Pressure: 100 bar    -   Detector: UV at 220 nm        tert-butyl        4-[(2S)-2-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate        was isolated at peak 1. MS (ES) m/z 543.1; HRMS: calcd for        C₃₀H₃₉ClN₂O₅+H, 543.26258; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 543.262        tert-butyl        4-[(2R)-2-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate        was isolated at peak 2. MS (ESI) m/z 543; HRMS: calcd for        C₃₀H₃₉ClN₂O₅+H, 543.26258; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 543.263

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{(1R)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(2S)-2-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 429; HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₃ClN₂O₂+H, 429.23088; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 429.3206. CD=(−) @ 260-280 nm.

Example 3241-{(1S)-1-[4-(benzyloxyy-3-chlorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{(1S)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(2R)-2-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 323). MS (ES) m/z 429.0; HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₃ClN₂O₂+H,429.23088; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 429.2319. CD=(+) @ 260-280 nm.

Example 325 1-[(1R)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 241-[(1R)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from 1-{(1R)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol(see Example 323). MS (ESI) m/z 443; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₅ClN₂O₂+H,443.24653; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 443.2474. CD=(−) @ 260-280 nm.

Example 3261-[(1S)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example241-[(1)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlororphenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1S)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol(see Example 324). MS (ES) m/z 443.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₅ClN₂O₂+H,443.24653; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 443.2473. CD=(+) @ 260-280 nm.

Example 3272-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]decahydronaphthalen-2-oldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(2-hydroxydecahydronaphthalen-2-yl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(2-hydroxydecahydronapthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-cc) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine. MS (ES) m/z 505.3

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 22-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]decahydronaphthalen-2-oldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(2-hydroxydecahydronaphthalen-2-yl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS (ES) m/z 391.4; HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₅ClN₂O+H, 391.25161; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 391.2527

Example 3284-ethyl-1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example244-ethyl-1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from4-ethyl-1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (seeExample 91). MS (ESI) m/z 381;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₆N₂O+H, 381.29059; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 381.2888

Example 3292-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]decahydronaphthalen-2-oldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(2-hydroxydecahydronaphthalen-2-yl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(2-hydroxydecahydronapthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-jjj) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 507

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 22-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]decahydronaphthalen-2-oldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(2-hydroxydecahydronaphthalen-2-yl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS m/z 393; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₆N₂O+H, 393.29059; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),393.2891

Example 3301-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-ly)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-4-methylcyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl]carbamatewas prepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(2-hydroxydecahydronapthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-kkk) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine. MS (ES) m/z 465.3

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-4-methylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS m/z 351; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₁ClN₂O+H, 351.22031; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 351.2219

Example 3311-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]decahydronaphthalen-1-oldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 241-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]decahydronaphthalen-1-oldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]decahydronaphthalen-1-ol(see Example 72). MS (ES) m/z 391.3; RMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₅ClN₂O+H,391.25161; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 391.2528

Example 3322-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]decahydronaihthalen-2-oldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 242-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]decahydronaphthalen-2-oldihydrochloride was prepared from2-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]decahydronaphthalen-2-ol(see Example 74). MS m/z 391; HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₅ClN₂O+H, 391.25161;found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 391.2522

Example 3334-methyl-1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 244-methyl-1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from4-methyl-1-[1-(1-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (seeExample 97). MS m/z 367; HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₄N₂O+H, 367.27494; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 367.2738

Example 3341-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-4-methylcyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(4-methyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl) aceticacid (Reference Example 1-kkk) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 451/453 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-4-methylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 337.2; HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₉ClN₂O+H, 337.20467; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 337.20

Example 3351-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-4-methylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example241-ri-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-4-methylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-4-methylcyclohexanol (seeExample 335). MS (ES) m/z 351.3; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₁ClN₂O+H,351.22031; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 351.221

Example 3361-[i-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-4-ethylcyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxy-4-ethylcyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (3-chlorophenyl)(4-ethyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl) aceticacid (Reference Example 1-lll) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 465/467 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-4-ethylcyclohexanol wasprepared from tert-butyl{1-[(3-chlorophenyl)(1-hydroxy-4-ethylcyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 351; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₁ClN₂O+H, 351.22031; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 351.2209

In an analogous manner to Example 241-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-4-ethylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-4-ethylcyclohexanol. MS(ES) m/z 365.4; HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₃ClN₂O+H, 365.23597; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 365.236

Example 337 1-(2-piperazin-1-yl-1-pyridin-3-ylethyl)cyclohexanoltrihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-acetyl)-piperazine-1-carboxyate was prepared frompyridin-3-yl-acetic acid and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ES)m/z 306

In an analogous manner to Example 141, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-pyridin-3-ylacetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-acetyl)-piperazine-1-carboxylate and cyclohexanone. MS(ES) m/z 404.3.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-(2-piperazin-1-yl-1-pyridin-3-ylethyl)cyclohexanol trihydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-pyridin-3-ylacetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS m/z 290; HRMS: calcd for C₁₇H₂₇N₃O+H, 290.22324; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),290.2221.

Example 338 1-(2-piperazin-1-yl-1-pyridin-3-ylethyl)cyclohexanoltrihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-(2-Pyridin-2-yl-acetyl)-piperazine-1-carboxylate was prepared frompyridin-2-yl-acetic acid and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2 tert-butyl4-(2-Pyridin-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazine-1-carboxylate was prepared fromtert-butyl 4-(2-Pyridin-2-yl-acetyl)-piperazine-1-carboxylate.

A solution of tert-butyl4-(2-Pyridin-2-yl-ethyl)-piperazine-1-carboxylate (466 mg, 1.60 mmol) indry tetrahydrofuran (6 mL) under nitrogen was cooled to −78° C. andtreated dropwise with a solution of n-butyllithium (2.5 M in hexanes,0.70 mL, 1.75 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred at −78° C. for 1h. The reaction was then treated with a solution of cyclohexanone (174mg, 1.77 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (0.8 mL). The reaction was stirredat −78° C. for 45 min, after which time the reaction was then quenchedby the addition of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate,and the tetrahydrofuran was removed in vacuo. The resulting residue waspartitioned between water and ethyl acetate and the layers wereseparated. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×30 mL),and the combined organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate andconcentrated in vacuo and the product was purified via Biotage Horizon(FLASH 25 M, silica, gradient from 0% methanol/EtOAc to 10%methanol/EtOAc) to yield 484 mg (78%) tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-2-pyridin-2-yl-ethyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylateas a colorless oil.

In an analogous manner to 135, step 41-(2-piperazin-1-yl-1-pyridin-3-ylethyl)cyclohexanol trihydrochloridewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-2-pyridin-2-yl-ethyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 290; HRMS: calcd for C₁₇H₂₇N₃O+H, 290.22324; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 290.2232

Example 3391-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methoxypiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanolHydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methoxypiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-eee) and 4-methoxypiperidine (Baker, W. R.; Fung,A. K. I, Kleinhart, H. D et. al. J. Med. Chem. 1992, 35 (10),1722-1734.). MS (ES) m/z 472.0; HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₄ClNO₄+H+,472.22491; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 472.2238.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methoxypiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanolhydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methoxypiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol.HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₆ClNO₃+H+, 458.24565; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),458.2443.

Example 3401-[i-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-sss) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. HRMS:calcd for C₂₈H₃₈N₂O₅+H+, 483.28535; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 483.2834.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₂N₂O₂+H+, 369.25365; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 369.2525.

Example 3411-[1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (SeeExample 340). MS (ESI) m/z 383; HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₄N₂O₂+H+,383.26930; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 383.2682.

Example 3421-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-sss) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine. HRMS: calcd forC₂₉H₄₀N₂O₅+H+, 497.30100; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 497.3034.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₄N₂O₂+H+, 383.26930; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 383.2704

Example 3431-[2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example36,1-[2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol(See Example 342). MS (ES) m/z 411.2; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₈N₂O₂+H+,411.30060; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 411.3002.

Example 3441-{1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-sss) and 4-N-Boc-aminopiperidine. HRMS: calcd forC₂₉H₄₀N₂O₅+H+, 497.30100; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 497.3034.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-{1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS (ESI) m/z 397; HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₆N₂O₂+H+, 397.28495; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 397.2863.

Example 3451-[1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-[1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-oxo-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-sss) and 4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)piperidine. MS (ES) m/z451.2; HRMS: calcd for C₂₈H₃₈N₂O₃+H+, 451.29552; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),451.2939.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-oxo-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol.

HRMS: calcd for C₂₈H₄₀N₂O₂+H+, 437.31625; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 437.3177.

Example 3461-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step1,1-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-sss) and N-(4-piperidine)piperidine. MS (ES)m/z465.2; HRMS: calcd for C₂₉H₄₀N₂O₃+H+, 465.31117; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),465.3096.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanol.HRMS: calcd for C₂₉H₄₂N₂O₂+H+, 451.33190; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 451.3325.

Example 3471-{(1S)-2-[4-(3-phenylbutyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 117,1-{(1S)-2-[4-(3-phenylbutyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from 3-phenylbutyraldehyde and1-{(1S)-2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 243). HRMS: calcd for C₂₉H₃₉F₃N₂O₂, 504.29636; found (ESI,[H+M]+), 505.3025. [α]_(D) ²⁵=−12° (c=0.0091 g/mL, MeOH); CD=+@268 nm.

Example 3481-{(1S)-2-[(3S)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

Step 1: Racemic (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]aceticacid (See Reference Example 1-f) was dissolved in methanol at aconcentration of approximately 67 mg/mL. The resulting solution wasinjected onto the Supercritical Fluid Chromatography instrument with aninjection volume of 1 mL. The baseline resolved enantiomers, using theconditions described below, were collected. The enantiomeric purity ofeach enantiomer was determined under the same Supercritical FluidChromatography conditions using a Chiralpak AD-H 5 u, 250 mm×4.6 mm IDcolumn at 2.0 mL/min flow rate using Analytical Supercritical FluidChromatography (Berger Instruments, Inc. Newark, Del. USA).

-   SFC Instrument: Berger MultiGram Prep SFC (Berger Instruments, Inc.    Newark, Del. 19702.-   Column: Chiralpak AD-H; 5 u; 250 mm L×20 mm ID (Chiral Technologies,    Inc, Exton, Pa., USA)-   Column temperature: 35° C.-   SFC Modifier: 10% MeOH-   Flow rate: 50 mL/min-   Outlet Pressure: 100 bar-   Detector: UV at 220 nm    (2R)-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid    was isolated as peak 1; MS (ES) m/z 316.9; HRMS: calcd for    C₁₅H₁₇F₃O₄+H+, 319.11517; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 319.1145; CD=+@281    nm; [α]_(D) ²⁵=+36° (c=0.0113 g/mL, MeOH).

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-{(1R)-2-[(3S)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from(2R)-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid(Example 348, Step 1) and (S)-(+)-2-methylpiperazine. MS (ESI) m/z 401;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₇F₃N₂O₃+H+, 401.20465; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),401.2044.

Step 3: In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{(1S)-2-[(3S)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared1-{(1R)-2-[(3S)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol.MS (ESI) m/z 387; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O₂+H+, 387.22539; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 387.2241. [α]_(D) ²⁵=−2.3° (c=0.011 g/mL, MeOH); CD=+@267nm.

Example 3491-{(1S)-2-[(3S)-3.4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-{(1S)-2-[(3S)-3.4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1S)-2-[(3S)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 348 Step 3). MS (ESI) m/z 401; HRMS: calcd forC₂₁H₃₁F₃N₂O₂, 400.23376; found (ESI, [H+M]+), 400.2425. CD=+@281 nm.

Example 3501-{(1S)-2-(3-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-{(1R)-2-(3-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from(2R)-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid(Example 348, Step 1) and 2-ethylpiperazine. HRMS: calcd forC₂₁H₂₉F₃N₂O₃, 414.21303; found (ESI, [H+M]⁺), 415.2225. CD=+@281 nm.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step2,1-{(1)-2-(3-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1R)-2-(3-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol.MS (ES) m/z 401.2; HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₁F₃N₂O₂+H+, 401.24104; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 401.2409.

Example 3511-{(1S)-2-[(3S)-3-ethyl-4-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-{(1S)-2-[(3S)-3-ethyl-4-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1S)-2-(3-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 350). MS (ES) m/z 415.2; HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₃F₃N₂O₂+H+,415.25669; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 415.2561.

Example 3521-{(1S)-2-[(3R)-3-ethyl-4-methypiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-{(1S)-2-[(3R)-3-ethyl-4-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1S)-2-(3-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 350). HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₃F₃N₂O₂+H+, 415.25669; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 415.2563.

Example 3531-[(1S)-2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

Racemic1-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 346) was dissolved in methanol at a concentration ofapproximately 50 mg/mL. The resulting solution was injected onto theSupercritical Fluid Chromatography instrument. The baseline resolvedenantiomers, using the conditions described below, were collected. Theenantiomeric purity of each enantiomer was determined under the sameSupercritical Fluid Chromatography conditions using a Chiralcel OJ-H 5u,250 mm×4.6 mm ID column at 2.0 mL/min flow rate using AnalyticalSupercritical Fluid Chromatography (Berger Instruments, Inc. Newark,Del. USA).

-   SFC Instrument: Berger MultiGram Prep SFC (Berger Instruments, Inc.    Newark, Del. 19702.-   Column: Chiralcel OJ-H; 5 u; 250 mm L×20 mm ID (Chiral Technologies,    Inc, Exton, Pa., USA)-   Column temperature: 35° C.-   SFC Modifier: 15% MeOH with 0.75% DEA-   Flow rate: 50 mL/min-   Outlet Pressure: 100 bar-   Detector: UV at 220 nm    1-[(1S)-2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol    dihydrochloride was isolated as peak 1 after making the    hydrochloride salt (In an analogous manner to Example 14). MS (ESI)    m/z 451; HRMS: calcd for C₂₉H₄₂N₂O₂+H+, 451.33190; found (ESI,    [M+H]⁺), 451.3327; CD=+@281 nm; [α]_(D) ²⁵=+17.4° (c=0.009 G/ML,    MeOH).

Example 3541-[(1R)-2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethylcyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 353,1-[(1R)-2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was isolated as peak 2 after making the hydrochloridesalt (In an analogous manner to Example 14). HRMS: calcd forC₂₉H₄₂N₂O₂+H+, 451.33190; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 451.3322; CD=−@281 nm;[α]_(D) ²⁵=−29° (c=0.0088 G/ML, MeOH).

Example 3551-[(2S)-2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclohexylethyl]-N-methylpiperidin-4-aminedihydrochoride

Racemic1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclohexylethyl]-N-methylpiperidin-4-amine (seeExample 232) was dissolved in methanol at a concentration ofapproximately 50 mg/mL. The resulting solution was injected onto thePreparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography instrument. Thebaseline resolved enantiomers, using the conditions described below,were collected. The enantiomeric purity of each enantiomer wasdetermined under the same HPLC conditions using a Chiralcel OD-H 5 u,250 mm×4.6 mm ID column at 1.0 mL/min flow rate using an HP 1100 HPLC(Agilent Technologies. Palo Alto, Calif., USA).

-   HPLC Instrument: 2 Dynamax SD-300 pumps, Varian Prostar 420    Autosampler, Varian Prostar 345 UV-Vis detector (Varian, Inc.,    Walnut Creek, Calif. 94598).-   Column: Chiralcel OD-H; 5 u; 250 mm L×20 mm ID (Chiral Technologies,    Inc, Exton, Pa., USA)-   Column temperature: room temperature-   HPLC Solvens: 2% IPA/98% hexane (with 0.2% DEA)-   Flow rate: 20 mL/min-   Detector: UV at 268 nm    1-[(2S)-2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclohexylethyl]-N-methylpiperidin-4-amine    dihydrochloride was isolated as peak 1 after making the    hydrochloride salt (In an analogous manner to Example 14). MS (ESI)    m/z 335; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₃₁ClN₂+H+, 335.22485; found (ESI,    [M+H]⁺), 335.225; CD=+@281 nm.

Example 3561-[(2R)-2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclohexylethyl]-N-methylpiperidin-4-aminedihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 355,1-[(2R)-2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclohexylethyl]-N-methylpiperidin-4-aminedihydrochloride was isolated as peak 2 after making the hydrochloridesalt (In an analogous manner to Example 14). HRMS: calcd forC₂₀H₃₁ClN₂+H+, 335.22485; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 335.2244; CD=−@281 nm.

Example 3571-[(1S)-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

Racemic 1-[1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol (seeExample 311) was dissolved in methanol at a concentration ofapproximately 50 mg/mL. The resulting solution was injected onto thePreparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography instrument. Thebaseline resolved enantiomers, using the conditions described below,were collected. The enantiomeric purity of each enantiomer wasdetermined under the same HPLC conditions using a Chiralcel OD-H 5 u,250 mm×4.6 mm ID column at 1.0 mL/min flow rate using an HP 1100 HPLC(Agilent Technologies. Palo Alto, Calif., USA).

-   HPLC Instrument: 2 Dynamax SD-300 pumps, Varian Prostar 420    Autosampler, Varian Prostar 345 UV-Vis detector (Varian, Inc.,    Walnut Creek, Calif. 94598).-   Column: Chiralcel OD-H; 5 u; 250 mm L×20 mm ID (Chiral Technologies,    Inc, Exton, Pa., USA)-   Column temperature: room temperature-   HPLC Solvent system: 25% EtOH/75% hexane (with 0.15% DEA)-   Flow rate: 20 mL/min-   Detector: UV at 225 nm    1-[(1S)-1-(3-phenoXyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol    dihydrochloride was isolated as peak 1 after making the    hydrochloride salt (In an analogous manner to Example 14). MS (ESI)    m/z 381; HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₂N₂O₂+H+, 381.25365; found (ESI,    [M+H]⁺), 381.2552; CD=+@281 nm.

Example 3581-(1R)-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 357,1-[(1R)-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was isolated as peak 2 after making the hydrochloridesalt (In an analogous manner to Example 14). MS (ESI) m/z 381;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₂N₂O₂+H+, 381.25365; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 381.2538;CD=−@281 nm.

Example 3591-{(1S)-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-{[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl(1-{(2R)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-ylcarbamatewas prepared from(2R)-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid(Example 348, Step 1) and 4-N-Boc-aminopiperidine. MS (ESI) m/z 501;HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₅F₃N₂O₅+H+, 501.25708; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),501.2589.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-{(1S-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl(1-{(2R)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)carbamateMS (ESI) m/z 401; HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₁F₃N₂O₂+H+, 401.24104; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 401.2433; CD=+@281 nm.

Example 3601-{(1S)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{(1S)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1S)-2-[4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 359). MS (ESI) m/z 415; HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₃F₃N₂O₂+H+,415.25669; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 415.259; CD=+@281 nm.

Example 3611-{2-(4-morpholin-4-ylpiperidin-1-v)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-{2-(4-morpholin-4-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-f) and 4-Piperidin-4-yl-morpholine. MS (ES) m/z 471.1; HRMS:calcd for C₂₄H₃₃F₃N₂O₄+H+, 471.24652; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 471.2455.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{2-(4-morpholin-4-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-(4-morpholin-4-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol.MS (ESI) m/z 457; HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₅F₃N₂O₃+H+, 457.26725; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 457.2688.

Example 3621-{2-(4-isoprorylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-{2-(4-isopropylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-f) and 1-isopropyl-piperazine. HRMS: calcd forC₂₂H₃₁F₃N₂O₃+H+, 429.23595; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 429.2358.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step2,1-[2-(4-isopropylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-(4-isopropylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol.MS (ES) m/z 415.1.

Example 3631-{(1S)-2-{4-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-{(1R)-2-oxo-2-{4-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from(2R)-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid(Example 348, Step 1) and 1-(1(S)-phenylethyl)piperazine (Ley, S. V.;Bolli, M. H.; Hinzen, B.; Gervois, A.; Hall, B. J.; J. Chem. Soc. PerkinTrans. 1; 15; 1998; 2239-2242.) MS (ES) m/z 492.2; HRMS: calcd forC₂₇H₃₃F₃N₂O₃+H+, 491.25160; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 491.2514.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{(1S)-2-{4-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1R)-2-oxo-2-{4-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol.MS (ESI) m/z 477; HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₅F₃N₂O₂+H+, 477.27234; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 477.2718. CD=+@267 nm.

Example 3641-{(1S)-2-{4-[(1R)-1-phenylethylpiperazin-1-yl}-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step1,1-{(1R)-2-oxo-2-{4-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from(2R)-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid(Example 348, Step 1) and 1-(1(R)-phenylethyl)piperazine Ley, S. V.;Bolli, M. H.; Hinzen, B.; Gervois, A.; Hall, B. J.; J. Chem. Soc. PerkinTrans. 1; 15; 1998; 2239-2242.) MS (ES) m/z 491.2; HRMS: calcd forC₂₇H₃₃F₃N₂O₃+H+, 491.25160; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 491.2537.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step2,1-{(1S)-2-{4-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1R)-2-oxo-2-{4-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol.MS (ESI) m/z 477; HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₆F₃N₂O₂+H+, 477.2729; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 477.2720. CD=+@270 nm.

Example 3651-{(1S)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-{(1R)-2-oxo-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from(2R)-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid(Example 348, Step 1) and 4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)piperidine. MS (ESI) m/z455; HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₃F₃N₂O₃+H+, 455.25160; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),455.252.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{(1S)-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1R)-2-oxo-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol.MS (ESI) m/z 441; HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₅F₃N₂O₂+H+, 441.27234; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 441.2716. [α]_(D) ²⁵=16° (c=0.01 g/mL, MeOH); CD=+@267nm.

Example 3661-{(1S)-2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-{(1R)-2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from(2R)-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid(Example 348, Step 1) and N-(4-piperidine)piperidine. MS (ESI) m/z 469;HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₅F₃N₂O₃+H+, 469.26725; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),469.2656.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{(1S)-2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxyvphenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1R)-2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol.MS (ESI) m/z 455; HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₇F₃N₂O₂+H+, 455.28799; found(ESI-FTMS, [M+H]¹⁺), 455.28826. [α]_(D) ²⁵=−17° (c=0.01 g/mL, MeOH);CD=+@265 nm.

Example 3671-{(1S)-2-[(3R,5S)-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-{(1R)-2-[(3R,5S)-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from(2R)-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid(Example 348, Step 1) and 2 (S),6(R)-dimethylpiperazine. MS (ESI) m/z415; HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₂₉F₃N₂O₃+H+, 415.22030; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),415.2202.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{(1S)-2-[(3R,5S)-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1R)-2-[(3R,5S)-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol.MS (ESI) m/z 401; HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₁F₃N₂O₂+H+, 401.24104; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 401.2418. [α]_(D) ²⁵=−10° (c=0.01 g/mL, MeOH); CD=+@268nm.

Example 3681-{(1S)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-[(3R,5S)-3,4,5-trimethylpiperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-{(1S)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-[(3R,5S)-3,4,5-trimethylpiperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1S)-2-[(3R,5S)-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 367). MS (ESI) m/z 415;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₃F₃N₂O₂+H+, 415.25669; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),415.2589. [α]_(D) ²⁵=−6° (c=0.009 g/mL, MeOH); CD=+@268 nm.

Example 3691-{(1S)-2-[(3R)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-{(1R)-2-[(3R)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from(2R)-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid(Example 348, Step 1) and 2(R)-methylpiperazine. MS (ESI) m/z 401; HRMS:calcd for C₂₀H₂₇F₃N₂O₃+H+, 401.20465; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 401.2039.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step2,1-{(1S)-2-[(3R)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1R)-2-[(3R)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol.MS (ESI) m/z 387; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O₂+H+, 387.22539; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 387.2243. [α]_(D) ²⁵=−16° (c=0.0094 g/mL, MeOH); CD=+@268nm.

Example 3701-{(1S)-2-[(3R)-3.4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example24,1-{(1S)-2-[(3R)-3,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1S)-2-[(3R)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 369). MS (ESI) m/z 401;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₁F₃N₂O₂+H+, 401.24104; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),401.241. [α]_(D) ²⁵=−13° (c=0.0085 g/mL, MeOH); CD=+@281 nm.

Example 3711-(1S)-2-(octahydro-2H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-{(1R)-2-(octahydro-2H-pyrido]1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from(2R)-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid(Example 348, Step 1) and octahydro-pyrido[1,2-α]pyrazine. MS (ESI) m/z441; HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₁F₃N₂O₃+H+, 441.23595; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),441.2369.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{(15)-2-(octahydro-2H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{(1R)-2-(octahydro-2H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol.MS (ESI) m/z 427; HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₃F₃N₂O₂+H+, 427.25669; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 427.258. [α]_(D) ²⁵=10° (c=0.01 g/mL, MeOH); CD=+@268 nm.

Example 3721-{2-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

Step 1: A solution of1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(see Example 23) (0.15 g, 0.403 mmol) and 2,2-dimethyloxirane (0.2 mL,2.25 mmol), in ethyl alcohol (1.5 mL) was heated to 75° C. for 2 h.After this time, the solvent was removed in vacuo and the product waspurified via HPLC. Crude compound was dissolved in acetonitrile andwater at a concentration of approximately 42 mg/mL was injected onto thePreparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography instrument with aninjection volume of 200 μL. The baseline resolved components, using theconditions described below, were collected. The purity of each componentwas determined under the same Chromatography conditions using a XterraMS C18, 5 u; 150 mm L×3.0 mm ID column at 0.5 mL/min flow rate using anHP 1100 HPLC (Agilent Technologies. Palo Alto, Calif., USA).

-   HPLC Instrument: 2 Dynamax SD-1 pumps, Dynamax UV-1 UV-Vis detector    (Varian, Inc., Walnut Creek, Calif. 94598).-   Column: Xterra MS C18 prep, 5 u; 150 mm L×19 mm ID (Waters Corp.,    Milford, Mass. 01757)-   Column temperature: room temperature-   HPLC Solvent system: 70% ACN/30% water with 0.05% NH₄OH-   Flow rate: 20 mL/min-   Detector: UV at 210 nm    to yield    (1-{2-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol    as peak 1 and as a clear oil.

Step 2:(1-{2-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(30 mg) was dissolved in methanol (0.5 mL) and treated with a saturatedmethanolic solution of hydrochloric acid (0.5 mL) followed by diethylether. After crystallizing in the refrigerator for 16 h, the resultingsolid was collected, washed with diethyl ether and dried in vacuo toyield 16 mg (54%)(1-}2-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol dihydrochloride as a white solid. MS m/z 445;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₅F₃N₂O₃+H+, 445.26725; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),445.268.

Example 3731-{2-[4-(2-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 372, Step 11-{2-[4-(2-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was isolated as peak 2 after making the hydrochloridesalt (In an analogous manner to Example 372, Step 2). HRMS: calcd forC₂₃H₃₅F₃N₂O₃+H+, 445.26725; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 445.2687

Example 3741-[2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-q) and(3R)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 453.1;HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₆N₂O₄+H+, 453.27478; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 453.2732.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamate.MS (ESI) m/z 339;HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₀N₂O+H+, 339.24309; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 339.243.

Example 3751-[2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-[2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol (SeeExample 374). MS (ES) m/z 367.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₄N₂O+H+,367.27439; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 367.275.

Example 3761-[2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-q) and(3R)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 453.1;HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₆N₂O₄+H+, 453.27478; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 453.2732.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-[2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamate.MS m/z 353; HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₂N₂O+H+, 353.25874; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 353.2583.

Example 3771-[2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-e) and(3R)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 453.1;HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₆N₂O₄+H+, 453.27478; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 453.2735.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step2,1-[2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamate.MS (ESI) m/z 339;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₀N₂O+H+, 339.24309; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 339.2409.

Example 3781-[2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-[2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol (SeeExample 377). MS (ES) m/z 367.2; HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₄N₂O+H+,367.27439; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 367.2735

Example 3791-[2-[(3B)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-e) and(3R)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 453.1;HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₆N₂O₄+H+, 453.27478; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 453.2735.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-[2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(1-naphthyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamate.MS m/z 353; HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₂N₂O+H+, 353.25874; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 353.2578.

Example 3801-{2-(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from [4-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-n) and(3R)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 509.1;HRMS: calcd for C₃₀H₄₀N₂O₅+H+, 509.30100; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 509.2988.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamate.MS (ESI) m/z 395; HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₄N₂O₂+H+, 395.26930; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 395.2684

Example 3811-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 380). MS (ES) m/z 423.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₈N₂O₂+H+,423.30060; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 423.3002.

Example 3821-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from [4-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-n) and(3R)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 509.1;HRMS: calcd for C₃₀H₄₀N₂O₅+H+, 509.30100; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 509.2988.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamate.MS m/z 409; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₆N₂O₂+H+, 409.28495; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 409.2876.

Example 3831-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochoride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-eee) and(3R)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 543.0;HRMS: calcd for C₃₀H₃₉ClN₂O₅+H+, 543.26203; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),543.2637.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamate.MS (ES) m/z 429.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₃ClN₂O₂+H+, 429.23033; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 429.2306

Example 3841-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example36,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3R)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 383). MS (ES) m/z 457.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₇ClN₂O₂+H+,457.26163; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 457.2608.

Example 3851-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl{(3R)-1-{[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamatewas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-eee) and(3R)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS (ES) m/z 543.0;HRMS: calcd for C₃₀H₃₉ClN₂O₅+H+, 543.26203; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),543.2637.

In an analogous manner to Example 13, step 2,1-{1-[4(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[(3R)-3-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3R)-1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamate.MS m/z 443; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₅ClN₂O₂+H+, 443.24598; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 443.2482.

Example 3861-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl((3R)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamatewas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample 1-f) and (3R)-(−)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine. MS(ES) m/z 487.0;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₃F₃N₂O₅+H+, 487.24143; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),487.2421.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{2-[(3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl((3R)-1-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamate.MS (ESI) m/z 373; HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₇F₃N₂O₂+H+, 373.20974; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 373.2097.

Example 3871-[(1S)-2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

Racemic1-[2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol(Reference Example 16) was dissolved in ethanol at a concentration ofapproximately 100 mg/mL. The resulting solution was injected onto theSupercritical Fluid Chromatography instrument with an injection volumeof 200

L. The baseline resolved enantiomers, using the conditions describedbelow, were collected. The enantiomeric purity of each enantiomer wasdetermined under the same Supercritical Fluid Chromatography conditionsusing a Chiralpak AD-H 5 u, 250 mm×4.6 mm ID column at 2.0 mL/min flowrate using Analytical Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (BergerInstruments, Inc. Newark, Del. USA).

-   SFC Instrument: Berger MultiGram Prep SFC (Berger Instruments, Inc.    Newark, Del. 19702.-   Column: Chiralpak AD-H; 5 u; 250 mm L×20 mm ID (Chiral Technologies,    Inc, Exton, Pa., USA)-   Column temperature: 35° C.-   SFC Modifier: 20% EtOH-   Flow rate: 50 mL/min-   Outlet Pressure: 100 bar-   Detector: UV at 220 nm    A) tert-butyl    {(3S)-1-[(2R)-2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamate    was isolated at peak 1. MS (ES) m/z 437.2; HRMS: calcd for    C₂₄H₃₃F₃N₂O₅+H, 487.2442+H; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 487.2428; [α]_(D)    ²⁵=+9° (c=0.010 G/ML, MeOH); CD=+@281 nm.    B) tert-butyl    {(3S)-1-[(2S)-2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamate    was isolated at peak 2. MS (ES) m/z 437.2; HRMS: calcd for    C₂₄H₃₃F₃N₂O₅+H, 487.2442; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), [α]_(D) ²⁵=−40°    (c=0.0095 G/ML, MeOH); CD=−@281 nm.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[(1S)-2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[(2R)-2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamate(Reference Example 387A). MS (ESI) m/z 323; HRMS: calcd forC₁₈H₂₇ClN₂O+H+, 323.18847; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 323.1883; [α]_(D)²⁵=−16° (c=0.011 g/mL, MeOH); CD=+@281 nm.

Example 3881-[(1R)-2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step2,1-[(1R)-2-[(3S)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{(3S)-1-[(2S)-2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}carbamate(see Example 387B). MS (ES) m/z 323.1; HRMS: calcd for C₁₈H₂₇ClN₂O+H+,323.18847; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 323.188; [α]_(D) ²⁵=+24° (c=0.0105 g/mL,MeOH); CD=−@281 nm.

Example 3891-{1-[4-(1-naphthyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 400, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-benzyloxyphenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 27). MS (ES) m/z 417.1.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 2 tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 405; MS (ESI) mr/z403; HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₆N₂O₄+H+,405.27478; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 405.2736.

To a stirred solution of tert-butyl4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(120 mg, 0.30 mmol), naphthalene-1-boronic acid (54 mg, 0.31 mmol) indry dichloromethane (2 mL) was added copper (II) L, 0.51 mmol), and □acetate (19 mg, 0.10 mmol), triethylamine (71 powdered 4 Å sieves (100mg) was stirred at room temperature for 16 h, after which time thereaction was filtered through a pad of Celite®, which was washed withdichloromethane (20 mL), and concentrated in vacuo. The product waspurified via Biotage Horizon (FLASH 25 S, silica, gradient from 10%EtOAc/hexane to 60% EtOAc/hexane) to yield tert-butyl4-{2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[4-(1-naphthyloxy)phenyl]ethyl}piperazine-1-carboxylateas a colorless oil. MS (ESI) m/z 531; HRMS: calcd for C₃₃H₄₂N₂O₄+H+,531.32173; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 531.3203.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-{1-[4-(1-naphthyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-{2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-[4-(1-naphthyloxy)phenyl]ethyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 431; HRMS: calcd for C₂₈H₃₄N₂O₂+H+, 431.26930; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 431.2717.

Example 3901-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 261, step 1,1-Bromo-5-(2,2-dibromo-vinyl)-2-benzyloxy-3-methoxy-benzene was preparedfrom 4-Benzyloxy-3-bromo-5-methoxy-benzaldehyde.

In an analogous manner to Example 261, step 2,4-[2-(4-Benzyloxy-3-bromo-5-methoxy-phenyl)-acetyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester was prepared from1-Bromo-5-(2,2-dibromo-vinyl)-2-benzyloxy-3-methoxy-benzene andtert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.

In an analogous manner to Example 141, step3,4-[2-(4-Benzyloxy-3-bromo-5-methoxy-phenyl)-2-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-acetyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester was prepared from4-[2-(4-Benzyloxy-3-bromo-5-methoxy-phenyl)-acetyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromo-5-methoxyyhenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from4-[2-(4-Benzyloxy-3-bromo-5-methoxy-phenyl)-2-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-acetyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester. MS (ESI) m/z 503; HRMS: calcd forC₂₆H₃₅BrN₂O₃+H+, 503.19038; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 503.1892.

Example 3911-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 390). MS (ES) m/z 517.0; HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₇BrN₂O₃+H+,517.20603; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 517.2069

Example 3921-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3,5-dibromophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 261, step 1,1,3-Dibromo-5-(2,2-dibromo-vinyl)-2-benzyloxy-benzene was prepared from4-benzyloxy-3,5-dibromo-benzaldehyde.

In an analogous manner to Example 261, step 2,4-[2-(4-Benzyloxy-3,5-dibromo-phenyl)-acetyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester was prepared from1,3-Dibromo-5-(2,2-dibromo-vinyl)-2-benzyloxy-benzene and tert-butyl1-piperazinecarboxylate.

In an analogous manner to Example 141, step 3,4-[2-(4-Benzyloxy-3,5-dibromo-phenyl)-2-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-acetyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester was prepared from4-[2-(4-Benzyloxy-3,5-dibromo-phenyl)-acetyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3,5-dibromophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from4-[2-(4-Benzyloxy-3,5-dibromo-phenyl)-2-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-acetyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester. MS (ES) m/z 551.0; HRMS: calcd forC₂₅H₃₂Br₂N₂O₂+H+, 551.09033; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 551.0882.

Example 3931-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3,5-dibromophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3.5-dibromophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3,5-dibromophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol(See Example 392). MS (ESI) m/z 565; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₄Br₂N₂O₂+H+,565.10598; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 565.1088.

Example 394(3R)-3-methyl-1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl4-{[(3R)-1-hydroxy-3-methylcyclopentyl][3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from[(3R)-1-hydroxy-3-methylcyclopentyl][3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]aceticacid (Reference Example 1-qqq) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,(3R)-3-methyl-1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-{[(3R)-1-hydroxy-3-methylcyclopentyl][3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 373; HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₇F₃N₂O₂+H+, 373.20974; found(ESI-FTMS, [M+H]¹⁺), 373.20992.

Example 395(3R)-3-methyl-1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,(3R)-3-methyl-1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanoldihydrochloride was prepared from(3R)-3-methyl-1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanol(See Example 394). MS (ESI) m/z 387; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O₂+H+,387.22539; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 387.2275.

Example 3962,2-dimethyl-1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,4-[2-(1-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopentyl)-2-(3-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-acetyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester was prepared from(1-Hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopentyl)-(3-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-aceticacid (Reference Example 1-rrr) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,2,2-dimethyl-1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanoldihydrochloride was prepared from4-[2-(1-Hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopentyl)-2-(3-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-acetyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester. MS (ESI) m/z 387; HRMS: calcd forC₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O₂+H+, 387.22539; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 387.2275.

Example 3972,2-dimethyl-1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,2,2-dimethyl-1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanoldihydrochloride was prepared from2,2-dimethyl-1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanol(See Example 396). MS (ES) m/z 401.2; HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₂F₃N₂O₂+H+,401.2416; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 401.2403.

Example 398(3R)-1-2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}-3-methylcyclopentanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,(3R)-1-{2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}-3-methylcyclopentanolwas prepared from[(3R)-1-hydroxy-3-methylcyclopentyl][3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]aceticacid (Reference Example 1-qqq) and N-(4-piperidine)piperidine.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,(3R)-1-{2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}-3-methylcyclopentanoldihydrochloride was prepared from(3R)-1-{2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}-3-methylcyclopentanol.MS (ESI) m/z 455; HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₇F₃N₂O₂+H+, 455.28799; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 455.2901.

Example 3991-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(1-naphthyloxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(1-naphthyloxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[4-(1-naphthyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol (seeExample 389). MS (ESI) m/z 445; HRMS: calcd for C₂₉H₃₆N₂O₂+H+,445.28495; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 445.2848.

Example 4004-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoldihydrochloride

Step 1: A mixture of tert-Butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(1.7 g, 2.87 mmol) (See Example 268, Step 5), ammonium formate (0.95 g,15.0 mmol), and a catalytic amount of palladium on carbon was heated at50° C. for 1 hr in methanol (25 mL). At the end of this time thesolution was concentrated and the residue taken up in ethyl acetate andfiltered through a plug of silica gel eluting with 30% ethylacetate:hexane. The filtrate was concentrated to afford 1.02 g oftert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyly}piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 503; HRMS: calcd for C24H33F3N2O6+H+, 503.23635; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 503.2343.

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-[4-(hydroxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate.

Step 3: In an analogous manner to Example 135 step 4,4-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-[4-(hydroxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 389; HRMS: calcd for C₁₉H₂₇F₃N₂O₃+H+, 389.20465; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 389.2066.

Example 4014-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,4-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoldihydrochloride was prepared from4-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoldihydrochloride (see Example 400). MS (ESI) m/z 403; HRMS: calcd forC₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O₃+H+, 403.22030; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 403.2201

Example 4021-{1-[4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

Step 1: A solution of tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate(0.35 g 0.72 mmol) (See Example 400, step 1) and iodomethane (0.16 g,1.08 mmol) in N-N′-dimethylformamide (5 mL) was treated with potassiumcarbonate (0.12 g, 0.86 mmol), and the solution was stirred at roomtemperature for 16 hours. The reaction was then poured into water andextracted 3 times with ethyl acetate. The combined extracts were washedtwice with water, then dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated toafford 0.31 g of tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate).The product was used in the next step without further purification.

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-[4-(methoxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate).

Step 3: In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-{1-[4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-[4-(methoxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 403; HRMS: calcd for C₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O₃+H+, 403.22030; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 403.2197.

Example 4031-[1-[4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride (see Example 402). MS (ESI) m/z 403; HRMS: calcd forC₂₀H₂₉F₃N₂O₃+H+, 403.22030; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 403.2201

Example 4041-{1-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

Step 1: In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1, tert-butyl4-{(1-hdroxycyclohexyl)[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate(See Example 400, step 1) and bromoethane.

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-[4-(ethoxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate).

Step 3: In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-{1-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-[4-(ethoxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 417.1;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₁H₃₁F₃N₂O₃+H+, 417.23595; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),417.2354.

Example 4051-[1-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[i-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride (see Example 404). HRMS: calcd for C₂₂H₃₃F₃N₂O₃+H+,431.25160; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 431.25.

Example 4061-{1-[4-isobutoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

Step 1: In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1, tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-isobutoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate(See Example 400, step 1) and isobutyl bromide.

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-[4-(isobutoxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-isobutoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate).

Step 3: In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 4,1-{1-[4-isobutoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[2-[4-(isobutoxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 445;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₃H₃₅F₃N₂O₃+H+, 445.26725; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),445.267.

Example 4071-[1-[4-isobutoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[4-isobutoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[4-isobutoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride (see Example 406).HRMS: calcd for C₂₄H₃₇F₃N₂O₃+H+,459.28290; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 459.2813.

Example 4081-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride (see Example 268). MS (ES) m/z 493.3;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₅F₃N₂O₃+H+, 493.26725; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),493.2689.

Example 4091-{1-[4-(2-phenylethyl)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-phenylethylphenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate was prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(2-phenylethyl)phenyl]acetic acid (ReferenceExample I-III) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-phenylethylphenyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-phenylethylphenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 41-{1-[4-(2-phenylethyl)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(2-phenylethylphenyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate. MS (ESI) m/z 393; HRMS: calcd forC26H36N2O+H+, 393.29004; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 393.2904.

Example 4101-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(2-phenylethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[4-(2-phenylethyl)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride (see Example 409). MS (ESI) m/z 407; HRMS: calcd forC27H38N2O+H+, 407.30569; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 407.3062;

Example 4111-[(2S)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 135, step 3 tert-butyl4-[2-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(See Example 27).

tert-Butyl4-[(2S)-2-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas isolated from tert-butyl4-[2-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateby chiral column chromatography (Chiral OD-H, 100% acetonitrile, 16ml/min) [α]_(D) ²⁵=+29° (c=0.0097 g/mL, MeOH); HRMS: calcd forC30H42N2O4+H+, 495.32173; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 495.3203.

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[(2S)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from the above isolated product. [α]_(D)²⁵=+36° (c=0.0094 g/mL, MeOH); MS (ESI) m/z 409; HRMS: calcd forC26H36N2O2+H+, 409.28495; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 409.2857.

Example 4121-[(2R)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

tert-Butyl4-[(2R)-2-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas isolated from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 411) by chiral column chromatography (Chiral OD-H, 100%acetonitrile, 16 ml/min). [α]_(D) ²⁵=−27° (c=0.0097 g/mL, MeOH); MS(ESI) m/z 495.

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[(2R)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from the above isolated product. MS (ESI)m/z 409; HRMS: calcd for C26H36N2O2+H+, 409.28495; found (ESI, [M+H]+),409.2873.

Example 4131-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-fluorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy-3-fluorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-fluorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example I-mmm) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ESI) m/z 527.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-fluorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-fluorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 413; HRMS: calcd for C25H33FN2O2+H+, 413.25988; found (ESI,[M+H]+), 413.2593.

Example 4141-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-fluorophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-fluorophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethylcyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-fluorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride (See Example 413). MS (ES) m/z 427.1; HRMS: calcd forC26H35FN2O2+H+, 427.27553; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 427.2756.

Example 4151-[1-(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

Step 1: In an analogous manner to Example 400, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-fluorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(See Example 413). MS (ESI) m/z 437;MS (ESI) m/z 435.

Step 2: In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateand 4-trifluoromethyl benzyl bromide.

MS (ES) m/z 595.

Step 3: In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 481; HRMS: calcd for C26H32F4N2O2+H+, 481.24727; found(ESI, [M+H]+), 481.2492.

Example 4161-[1-(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride (See Example 415). MS (ESI) m/z 495;HRMS: calcd forC₂₇H₃₄F₄N₂O₂+H+, 495.26292; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 495.2659.

Example 4171-(1-{3-fluoro-4-[(4-methylbenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(methyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl 4-[(3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate (see Example 415,step 1) and 4-methylbenzyl bromide. MS (ES) m/z 541.2.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(methyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 427; HRMS: calcd for C26H35FN2O2+H+, 427.27553; found (ESI,[M+H]+), 427.2776.

Example 4181-[1-(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(methyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(methyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(methyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride (See Example 417). MS (ESI) m/z 441; HRMS: calcd forC27H37FN2O2+H+, 441.29118; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 441.2941.

Example 4191-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 400, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(See Example 292, step 1).

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-chloro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateand 4-trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide.

MS m/z 611.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-chloro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 497; HRMS: calcd for C26H32ClF3N2O2+H+, 497.21771; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 497.2176.

Example 4201-1-(3-chloro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride (See Example 419). MS (ESI) m/z 511.

Example 4211-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-chloro-4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(See Example 419) and 2-trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide. MS (ESI) m/z 611.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-chloro-4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 497; HRMS: calcd for C26H32ClF3N2O2+H+, 497.21771; found(ESI, [M+H]+), 497.22.

Example 4221-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride (See Example 421). MS (ESI) m/z 511; HRMS: calcd forC27H34ClF3N2O₂+H+, 511.23336; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 511.2314.

Example 4231-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(3-chloro-4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(See Example 419) and 3-trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-chloro-4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.HRMS: calcd for C26H32ClF3N2O2+H+, 497.21771; found (ESI, [M+H]+),497.2203.

Example 4241-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride (See Example 423). MS (ESI) m/z 511; HRMS: calcd forC27H34ClF3N2O2+H+, 511.23336; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 511.231.

Example 4251-(1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-chlorophenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1 tert-butyl4-{[4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-chlorophenyl}(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(See Example 419) and 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl bromide. MS (ESI) m/z 639.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-(1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-chlorophenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-chlorophenyl}(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 525; HRMS: calcd for C25H31BrClFN2O2+H+, 525.13142; found(ESI, [M+H]+), 525.1335.

Example 4261-[1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-chlorophenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[i-(4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-chlorophenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from1-(1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-chlorophenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride (See Example 421). MS (ESI) m/z 539; HRMS: calcd forC26H33BrClFN2O2+H+, 539.14707; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 539.1453.

Example 4271-{1-[3-chloro-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[[3-chloro-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(See Example 419) and 2-chloromethylnaphthalene. MS (ESI) m/z 639.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{1-[3-chloro-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[[3-chloro-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 479; HRMS: calcd for C29H35ClN2O2+H+, 479.24598; found(ESI, [M+H]+), 479.2481.

Example 4281-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example eee) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine. MS m/z 557;HRMS:calcd for C31H41ClN2O5+H+, 557.27768; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 557.2805.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlororphenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS (ESI) m/z 443;HRMS: calcd for C26H35ClN2O2+H+, 443.24598; found (ESI,[M+H]+), 443.2461.

Example 4291-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanol

In an analogous manner to Example 361-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride (See Example 428). MS (ESI) m/z 471; HRMS: calcd forC28H39ClN2O2+H+, 471.27728; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 471.2786.

Example 4301-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[3-chloro-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 400, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from tert-butyl{1-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.(see Example 428). MS (ESI) m/z 467; MS (ESI) m/z 465.

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[[3-chloro-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from tert-butyl{1-[(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamateand 2-chloromethylnaphthalene. MS (ES) m/z 607.1.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[3-chloro-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl{1-[[3-chloro-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamate.MS (ESI) m/z 493; HRMS: calcd for C30H37ClN2O2+H+, 493.26163; found(ESI, [M+H]+), 493.2599.

Example 4311-{1-[3-chloro-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-[1-{3-chloro-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[3-chloro-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride (See Example 430). MS (ESI) m/z 521; HRMS: calcd forC32H41ClN2O2+H+, 521.29293; found (ESI, [M+H]+), 521.2932.

Example 4321-{1-[4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol

In an analogous manner to Example 400, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl1]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-benzyloxyphenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 27). MS (ES) m/z 417.1.

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1 tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateand 2-bromomethylnaphthalene. MS m/z 559.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-{1-[4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 445.1; HRMS: calcd for C₂₉H₃₆N₂O₂+H+, 445.28495; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 445.2838.

Example 4331-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]ethyl]cyclohexanol

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from1-{1-[4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol(see Example 432). MS (ES) m/z 459.1; HRMS: calcd for C₃₀H₃₈N₂O₂+H+,459.30060; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 459.2996.

Example 4341-(1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1, tert-butyl4-[{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]phenyl}(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 432) and 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl bromide. MS (ES) m/z 605.0.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-(1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanolwas prepared from tert-butyl4-[{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]phenyl}(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 491; HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₂BrFN₂O₂+H+, 491.17039; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 491.1695.

Example 4351-[1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example24,1-[1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-(1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol(see Example 434). MS (ES) m/z 505.0; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₄BrFN₂O₂+H+,505.18604; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 505.1839.

Example 4361-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 432) and 4-trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide. MS (ES) m/z577.0.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step2,1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 463.

Example 4371-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 436).

MS (ESI) m/z 477; HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₅F₃N₂O₂+H+, 477.27234; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 477.2702.

Example 4381-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1, tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 432) and 4-trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide. MS (ESI) m/z 577.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 463;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₃F₃N₂O₂+H+, 463.25669; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),463.2576.

Example 4391-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 438).

MS (ESI) m/z 477; HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₅F₃N₂O₂+H+, 477.27234; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 477.2708.

Example 4401-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1, tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 432) and 1-bromomethyl-2-trifluoromethyl-benzene. MS (ESI)m/z 577.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 2,1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 463.3;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₃F₃N₂O₂+H+, 463.25669; found (ESI-FT/MS, [M+H]¹⁺),463.2574.

Example 4411-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 440).

MS (ESI) m/z 477; HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₅F₃N₂O₂+H+, 477.27234; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 477.2738.

Example 4421-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example I-nnn) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS(ES) m/z 539.1.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 425.2; HRMS: calcd for C26H36N2O3+H+, 425.27987; found (ESI,[M+H]+), 425.2805.

Example 4431-[1-4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol(see Example 442).

MS (ES) m/z 439.2; HRMS: calcd for C27H38N2O3+H+, 439.29552; found (ESI,[M+H]+), 439.2944.

Example 4441-{1-[3-methoxy-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 400, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 442). MS (ES) m/z 447.0.

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1 tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxcyclohexyl)[3-methoxy-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylateand 2-bromomethylnaphthalene. MS (ES) m/z 589.1.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{1-[3-methoxy-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-{(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[3-methoxy-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]acetyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 475; HRMS: calcd for C₃₀H₃₈N₂O₃+H+, 475.29552; found (ESI,[M+H]⁺), 475.2938.

Example 4451-[1-[3-methoxy-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[3-methoxy-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[3-methoxy-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol(see Example 444). MS (ESI) m/z 489;HRMS: calcd for C₃₁H₄₀N₂O₃+H+,489.31117; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 489.3126.

Example 4461-(1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-methoxyphenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1 tert-butyl4-[{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-methoxyphenyl}(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 444) and 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl bromide. MS (ESI) m/z 635.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-(1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-methoxyphenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanolwas prepared from tert-butyl4-[{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-methoxyphenyl}(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 521.0; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₄BrFN₂O₃+H+, 521.18096; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 521.1846.

Example 4471-[1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-methoxyphenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-methoxyrhenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from1-(1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-methoxyphenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol(see Example 446). MS (ES) m/z 534.9;HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₆BrFN₂O₃+H+,535.19661; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 535.196.

Example 4481-[1-(3-methoxy-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(3-methoxy-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(see Example 444) and 4-trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide. MS (ES) m/z607.0.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-(3-methoxy-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(3-methoxy-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 493;

HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₅F₃N₂O₃+H+, 493.26725; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺),493.2701.

Example 4491-[1-(3-methoxy-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-(3-methoxy-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-(3-methoxy-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol(see Example 448). MS (ESI) m/z 507; HRMS: calcd for C₂₈H₃₇F₃N₂O₃+H+,507.28290; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 507.2808.

Example 4501-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl{1-[2-(4-benzyloxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperidin-4-yl}carbamatewas prepared from[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid(Reference Example nnn) and 4-N-boc-aminopiperidine. MS (ES) m/z 553.2.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from{1-[2-(4-Benzyloxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-2-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-acetyl]-piperidin-4-yl}-carbamicacid tert-butyl ester. MS (ES) m/z 439.2.

Example 4511-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 36,1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol(see Example 450). MS (ES) m/z 467.1.

Example 4521-{1-[3-chloro-4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 402, step tert-butyl4-[[3-chloro-4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from tert-butyl4-[(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate(See Example 419) and 2-phenylethyl bromide. MS (ESI) m/z 557.

In an analogous manner to Example 1 step 21-{1-[3-chloro-4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[[3-chloro-4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl](1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 443; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₅ClN₂O₂, 442.23870; found (ESI,[H+M]⁺), 443.2483.

Example 4531-[1-[3-chloro-4-(2-phenylethoxyy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-[3-chloro-4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[3-chloro-4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol(see Example 451). HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₇ClN₂O₂, 456.25435; found (ESI,[H+M]⁺), 457.2629.

Example 4541-(1-{3-chloro-4-[(3-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1, tert-butyl4-{[3-chloro-4-[(3-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from[3-chloro-4-(3-methoxy-benzyloxy)-phenyl]-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-aceticacid (Reference Example I-ooo) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 573.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-(1-{3-chloro-4-[(3-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[{3-chloro-4-[(3-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 459.

Example 4551-[1-{3-chloro-4-[(3-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-{3-chloro-4-[(3-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-(1-{3-chloro-4-[(3-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol(see Example 454). MS (ESI) m/z 473; HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₇ClN₂O₃+H+,473.25655; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 473.259.

Example 4561-(1-{3-chloro-4-[(2-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[{3-chloro-4-[(2-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from[3-Chloro-4-(2-methoxy-benzyloxy)-phenyl]-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-aceticacid (see Reference Example I-ppp) and tert-butyl1-piperazinecarboxylate. MS (ESI) m/z 573.

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-(1-{3-chloro-4-[(2-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[{3-chloro-4-[(2-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ESI) m/z 459; HRMS: calcd for C₂₆H₃₅ClN₂O₃+H+, 459.24090; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 459.2444.

Example 4571-[1-{3-chloro-4-[(2-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-{3-chloro-4-[(2-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-(1-{3-chloro-4-[(2-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol(see Example 456). MS (ES) m/z 473.3;HRMS: calcd for C₂₇H₃₇ClN₂O₃+H+,473.25655; found (ESI, [M+H]⁺), 473.2582.

Example 4581-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from (3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-1(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid (Reference Example 1-ttt) and 4-piperidinopiperidine.MS(ESI) m/z 449 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1,4′]bipiperidinyl-1′-yl-2-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethanone.

MS (ESI) m/z 435; HRMS: calcd for C₂₅H₃₉ClN₂O₂+H+, 435.27728; found(ESI, [M+H]⁺), 435.2785.

Example 4591-{1-[4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from 1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-(4-phenethyloxyphenyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-uuu) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.MS(ESI) m/z 523 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{1-[4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)(4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.

Example 4601-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{1-[4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol (seeExample 459). MS (APCI) m/z 423.

Example 4611-{2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-{2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanolwas prepared from 1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-(4-phenethyloxyphenyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-uuu) and 4-piperidinopiperidine. MS(ESI) m/z 505([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-{2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-{2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-[4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}cyclohexanol.MS (ESI) m/z 491.

Example 4621-(1-{4-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl{4-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from{4-[2-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-ethoxy]-phenyl}-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-aceticacid (Reference Example 1-vvv) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.MS(ESI) m/z 541 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-(1-{4-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl{4-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS (ES) m/z 427.2.

Example 4631-[1-{4-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-[1-{4-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-(1-{4-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol(see Example 462). MS (ESI) m/z 441.

Example 464 1-(1-{4-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol dihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl{4-[2-(1-nathyl)ethoxy]phenyl}acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylatewas prepared from(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-[4-(2-naphthalen-1-yl-ethoxy)-phenyl]-acetic acid(Reference Example 1-www) and tert-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate.MS(ESI) m/z 573 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-(1-{4-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxyl]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol dihydrochloride was prepared from 1 tert-butyl4-[(1-hydroxycyclohexyl{4-[2-(1-nathyl)ethoxy]phenyl}acetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate.MS(ESI) m/z 458 ([M+H]⁺).

Example 4651-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]phenyl}ethyl)cyclohexanol dihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 24,1-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]phenyl}ethyl)cyclohexanol dihydrochloride was prepared from1-(1-{4-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol (see Example 464).

MS(ESI) m/z 473 ([M+H]⁺).

Example 4661-[1-{{4-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-[1-{{4-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetyl]cyclohexanolwas prepared from(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-{4-[2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-ethoxy]-phenyl}-aceticacid (Reference Example 1-xxx) and 1-methyl piperazine. MS(ESI) m/z 467([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-{{4-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-{{4-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetyl]cyclohexanol.MS(ESI) m/z 453 ([M+H]⁺).

Example 4671-(2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-{4-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}ethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-(2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-{4-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-oxoethyl)cyclohexanolwas prepared from(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-{4-[2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-ethoxy]-phenyl}-aceticacid (Reference Example 1-xxx) and 4-piperidinopiperidine. MS(ESI) m/z535 ([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-(2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-{4-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}ethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from

1-(2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1-{4-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-oxoethyl)cyclohexanol.MS(ESI) m/z 521 ([M+H]⁺).

Example 4681-[1-[4-(cyclohexylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cycohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 1,1-[1-[4-(cyclohexylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetyl]cycohexanolwas prepared from(4-cyclohexylmethoxy-phenyl)-(1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-acetic acid(Reference Example 1-yyy) and 1-methylpiperazine. MS(ESI) m/z 429([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-[1-[4-(cyclohexylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cycohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-[1-[4-(cyclohexylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetyl]cycohexanol.MS(ESI) m/z 415 ([M+H]⁺).

Example 4691-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[(1R)-1-phenylethoxy]phenyl}ethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[(1R)-1-phenylethoxy]phenyl}acetyl)cyclohexanolwas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-[4-((1R)-1-phenylethoxyphenyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-zzz) and 1-methylpiperazine. MS(ESI) m/z 437([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[(1R)-1-phenylethoxy]phenyl}ethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[(1R)-1-phenylethoxy]phenyl}acetyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride. MS(ESI) m/z 423 ([M+H]⁺).

Example 4701-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[(1S)-1-phenylethoxy]phenyl}ethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 11-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[(1S)-1-phenylethoxy]phenyl}acetyl)cyclohexanolwas prepared from(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-[4-((1S)-1-phenylethoxyphenyl)acetic acid(Reference Example 1-aaaa) and 1-methylpiperazine. MS(ESI) m/z 437([M+H]⁺).

In an analogous manner to Example 1, step 21-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[(1S)-1-phenylethoxy]phenyl}ethyl)cyclohexanoldihydrochloride was prepared from1-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[(1S)-1-phenylethoxy]phenyl}acetyl)cyclohexanol.

MS(ESI) m/z 423 ([M+H]⁺).

Cell Lines, Culture Reagents, and Assays

MDCK-Net6 cells, stably transfected with human hNET (Pacholczyk, T., R.D. Blakely, and S. G. Amara, Nature, 1991, 350(6316): p. 350-4) werecultured in growth medium containing high glucose DMEM (Gibco, Cat. No.11995), 10% FBS (dialyzed, heat-inactivated, US Bio-Technologies, LotFBD1129HI) and 500 μg/ml G418 (Gibco, Cat. No. 10131). Cells were platedat 300,000/T75 flask and cells were split twice weekly. The JAR cellline (human placental choriocarcinoma) was purchased from ATCC (Cat. No.HTB-144). The cells were cultured in growth medium containing RPMI 1640(Gibco, Cat. No. 72400), 10% FBS (Irvine, Cat. No. 3000), 1% sodiumpyruvate (Gibco, Cat. No. 1136) and 0.25% glucose. Cells were plated at250,000 cells/T75 flask and split twice weekly. For all assays, cellswere plated in Wallac 96-well sterile plates (PerkinElmer, Cat. No.3983498).

Norepinephrine (NE) UPtake Assay

On day 1, cells were plated at 3,000 cells/well in growth medium andmaintained in a cell incubator (37° C., 5% CO₂). On day 2, growth mediumwas replaced with 200 μl of assay buffer (25 mM HEPES; 120 mM NaCl; 5 mMKCl; 2.5 mM CaCl₂; 1.2 mM MgSO₄; 2 mg/ml glucose (pH 7.4, 37° C.))containing 0.2 mg/ml ascorbic acid and 10 μM pargyline. Platescontaining cells with 200 μl of assay buffer were equilibrated for 10minutes at 37° C. prior to addition of compounds. A stock solution ofdesipramine was prepared in DMSO (10 mM) and delivered to triplicatewells containing cells for a final test concentration of 1 μM. Data fromthese wells were used to define non-specific NE uptake (minimum NEuptake). Test compounds were prepared in DMSO (10 mM) and diluted inassay buffer according to test range (1 to 10,000 nM). Twenty-fivemicroliters of assay buffer (maximum NE uptake) or test compound wereadded directly to triplicate wells containing cells in 200 μl of assaybuffer. The cells in assay buffer with test compounds were incubated for20 minutes at 37° C. To initiate the NE uptake, [³H]NE diluted in assaybuffer (120 nM final assay concentration) was delivered in 25 μlaliquots to each well and the plates were incubated for 5 minutes (37°C.). The reaction was terminated by decanting the supernatant from theplate. The plates containing cells were washed twice with 200 μl assaybuffer (37° C.) to remove free radioligand. The plates were theninverted, left to dry for 2 minutes, then reinverted and air-dried foran additional 10 minutes. The cells were lysed in 25 μl of 0.25 N NaOHsolution (4° C.), placed on a shake table and vigorously shaken for 5minutes. After cell lysis, 75 μl of scintillation cocktail was added toeach well and the plates were sealed with film tape. The plates werereturned to the shake table and vigorously shaken for a minimum of 10minutes to ensure adequate partitioning of organic and aqueoussolutions. The plates were counted in a Wallac Microbeta counter(PerkinElmer) to collect the raw cpm data.

Serotonin (5-HT) Uptake Assay

The methods for 5-HT functional reuptake using the JAR cell line weremodified using a previous literature report (Prasad, et al., Placenta,1996. 17(4): 201-7). On day 1, cells were plated at 15,000 cells/well in96-well plates containing growth medium (RPMI 1640 with 10% FBS) andmaintained in a cell incubator (37° C., 5% CO₂). On day 2, cells werestimulated with staurosporine (40 nM) to increase the expression of the5-HT transporter [17]. On day 3, cells were removed from the cellincubator two hours prior to assay and maintained at room temperature toequilibrate the growth medium to ambient oxygen concentration.Subsequently, the growth medium was replaced with 200 μl of assay buffer(25 mM HEPES; 120 mM NaCl; 5 mM KCl; 2.5 mM CaCl₂; 1.2 mM MgSO₄; 2 mg/mlglucose (pH 7.4, 37° C.)) containing 0.2 mg/ml ascorbic acid and 10 μMpargyline. A stock solution of paroxetine (AHR-4389-1) was prepared inDMSO (10 mM) and delivered to triplicate wells containing cells for afinal test concentration of 1 μM. Data from these wells were used todefine non-specific 5-HT uptake (minimum 5-HT uptake). Test compoundswere prepared in DMSO (10 mM) and diluted in assay buffer according totest range (1 to 1,000 nM). Twenty-five microliters of assay buffer(maximum 5-HT uptake) or test compound were added directly to triplicatewells containing cells in 200 μl of assay buffer. The cells wereincubated with the compound for 10 minutes (37° C.). To initiate thereaction, [³H]hydroxytryptamine creatinine sulfate diluted in assaybuffer was delivered in 25 μl aliquots to each well for a final testconcentration of 15 nM. The cells were incubated with the reactionmixture for 5 minutes at 37° C. The 5-HT uptake reaction was terminatedby decanting the assay buffer. The cells were washed twice with 200 μlassay buffer (37° C.) to remove free radioligand. The plates wereinverted and left to dry for 2 minutes, then reinverted and air-driedfor an additional 10 minutes. Subsequently, the cells were lysed in 25μl of 0.25 N NaOH (4° C.) then placed on a shaker table and shakenvigorously for 5 minutes. After cell lysis, 75 μl of scintillationcocktail was added to the wells, the plates were sealed with film tapeand replaced on the shake table for a minimum of 10 minutes. The plateswere counted in a Wallac Microbeta counter (PerkinElmer) to collect theraw cpm data.

Evaluation of Results

For each experiment, a data stream of cpm values collected from theWallac Microbeta counter was downloaded to a Microsoft Excel statisticalapplication program. Calculations of EC₅₀ values were made using thetransformed-both-sides logistic dose response program written by WyethBiometrics Department. The statistical program uses mean cpm values fromwells representing maximum binding or uptake (assay buffer) and mean cpmvalues from wells representing minimum binding or uptake ((1 μMdesipramine (hNET) or 1 μM paroxetine (hSERT)). Estimation of the EC₅₀value was completed on a log scale and the line was fit between themaximum and minimum binding or uptake values. All graphic datarepresentation was generated by normalizing each data point to a meanpercent based on the maximum and minimum binding or uptake values. TheEC₅₀ values reported from multiple experiments were calculated bypooling the raw data from each experiment and analyzing the pooled dataas one experiment.

The results are reported in Table 1.

TABLE 1 % Inhibition @ 1 μM Example (hNET) hNET EC₅₀ (nM) 1 93 18 23 85350 24 85 150 27 82 470 28 80 46 44 70 8 71 25 92 13 104 3 108 0 111 −3115 −10 135 65 635 136 62 1000 137 41 138 44 139 45 140 52 870 147 13148 32 149 31 150 18 151 12 152 1 153 2 157 54 158 57 160 50 161 70 220162 78 410 163 17 164 56 165 13 166 48 167 25 168 66 180 169 69 850 17019 171 32 172 55 173 35 174 2 175 20 176 28 177 54 178 33 179 27 180 47181 31 182 43 183 16 184 40 185 27 243 91 244 15.6 245 88 246 7.4 247 49248 7 249 32 250 15 251 47 252 35 253 19 254 29 255 70.7% @ 10 μM 25672.8% @ 10 μM 257 17 263 31 264 89 265 44 266 91 267 89 268 84 283 70.7285 20 286 78.6 287 60.8 288 77.6 289 34 290 36 291 40 292 89 293 96 29427.2% @ 10 μM 295  2.0% @ 10 μM 296 13 297 4 298 91 299 95 300 38 301 23302 50 304 41 306 47.5 307 44.5% @ 10 μM 308 35.9% @ 10 μM 309 19.7 31186.2 312 57.3 313 57.3 322 97.2 323 95.8 324 98.4 325 93.9 326 99.7 34792 348 91 349 82 350 79 351 61 352 68 357 87 358 73 362 51 363 42 364367 94 368 93 369 90 370 79 371 78 372 37 373 90 389 16 390 6 391 30 39268 393 59 394 35 395 92 396 33 397 399 17 400 38 401 25 402 42 403 48404 42 405 27 406 22 407 12 408 398 409 62 410 51 411 483 412 138 413 76414 96 415 84 416 91 417 78 418 71 419 46 420 68 421 59 422 20 423 79424 75 425 80 426 84 427 33 432 64 433 49 434 34 435 85 436 63 437 38438 69 439 79 440 28 441 33 442 57 443 90 444 98 445 22 446 69 447 97448 78 449 88 452 35 453 82 454 99 455 99 456 90 457 77 459 58 460 82462 47 463 69 464 33 465 466 20 468 0 469 12 470 14

When ranges are used herein for physical properties, such as molecularweight, or chemical properties, such as chemical formulae, allcombinations and subcombinations of ranges specific embodiments thereinare intended to be included.

The disclosures of each patent, patent application and publication citedor described in this document are hereby incorporated herein byreference, in its entirety.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that numerous changes andmodifications can be made to the preferred embodiments of the inventionand that such changes and modifications can be made without departingfrom the spirit of the invention. It is, therefore, intended that theappended claims cover all such equivalent variations as fall within thetrue spirit and scope of the invention.

1. A compound of formula I:

or a pharmaceutical salt thereof; wherein: W is H or OR⁹; R¹ is phenyl,naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzyloxy, phenoxy, naphthyloxy, phenylethoxy,phenoxyethoxy, naphthylmethoxy, naphthylethoxy, phenylcarbonylamino,phenylaminocarbonyl, trifluoromethoxy, nitrile, alkenyl, alkynyl,sulfonyl, sulfonamido, alkanoyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, oramino; where said phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzyloxy, phenoxy,naphthyloxy, phenylethoxy, phenoxyethoxy, naphthylmethoxy,naphthylethoxy, phenylcarbonylamino, and phenylaminocarbonyl areoptionally substituted with one or more R²; R² is R¹, H, or one or twosubstituents, the same or different selected from OH, alkyl, alkoxy,halo, trifluoromethyl, alkanoyloxy, methylenedioxy, trifluoromethoxy,nitrile, nitro, alkenyl, alkynyl, sulfonyl, or sulfonamido; R⁵ is H,(C₁-C₆)alkyl, or trifluoromethyl; R⁶ and R⁷ are, independently,(C₁-C₆)alkyl or (C₃-C₆)cycloalkyl; or R⁶ and R⁷ can together form a ringof 4 to 8 carbon atoms; where any carbon atom of said R⁶ and R⁷ may beoptionally replaced with N, S, or O; where R⁶ and R⁷ may be optionallysubstituted with R⁵ or OH; where R⁶ and R⁷ can form a ring with 4 to 8carbons fused onto a cycloalkyl ring of 4 to 6 carbon atoms; R⁸ is H,(C₁-C₆)alkyl, hydroxy(C₁-C₆)alkyl, benzyl (optionally substituted withbenzyloxy or phenyloxy), naphthylmethyl (optionally substituted with oneor more R¹), phenyl(C₂-C₆)alkyl (optionally substituted with one or moreR¹), heteroarylmethyl (optionally substituted with R¹), cycloalkyl,cycloalkenyl, cycloalkylmethyl (where any carbon atom can be optionallyreplaced with N, S, or O and where said cycloalkylmethyl can beoptionally substituted with OH, CF₃, halo, alkoxy, alkyl, benzyloxy, oralkanoyloxy), cycloalkenylmethyl (where any carbon atom can beoptionally replaced with N, S, or O and where said cycloalkenylmethylcan be optionally substituted with OH, CF₃, halo, alkoxy, alkyl,benzyloxy, or alkanoyloxy); or R⁵ and R⁸, together with the nitrogenatom to which R⁸ is attached, form a ring optionally substituted withR⁵; R⁹ is H, (C₁-C₄)alkyl, or (C₁-C₄)alkyl-C(═O); t is 1, 2, or 3; and xis
 1. 2. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R⁶ and R⁷ togetherwith the carbon to which they are attached form a 4, 5 or 6 carbon ring.3. A compound of formula I according to claim 1, wherein R⁶ and R⁷together with the carbon to which they are attached form a cyclohexylring.
 4. A compound of formula I according to claim 1, wherein R¹ isselected from trifluoromethoxy; thienyl; phenoxy; phenylethoxy;naphthyloxy; naphthylmethoxy; naphthylethoxy; alkenyl of 2 to 6 carbonatoms; alkynyl of 2 to 6 carbon atoms; phenyl optionally substituted byone, two or three substituents selected from halo, methylenedioxy,nitrile, nitro, alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbonatoms, alkenyl of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, alkynyl of 2 to 6 carbon atomstrifluoromethoxy and trifluoromethyl; or benzyloxy optionallysubstituted by one or two substituents selected from halo, alkoxy of 1to 6 carbon atoms, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and trifluoromethyl. 5.A compound of formula I according to claim 1, wherein R² is hydrogen,halo, alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or hydroxy.
 6. A compound offormula I according to claim 1, wherein R⁸ is H, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbonatoms, hydroxy(C₁-C₆)alkyl, benzyl, phenyl(C₂-C₆)alkyl andcycloalkylmethyl.
 7. A compound of formula I according to claim 1,wherein W is OH.
 8. A compound of formula I according to claim 1,wherein each R⁵ is selected independently from H and alkyl of 1 to 6carbon atoms.
 9. A compound of formula I according to claim 1, wherein xis
 1. 10. A compound of formula I according to claim 1, wherein t is 1.11. A compound of according to claim 1, wherein: W is H or OR⁹ R¹ isphenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzyloxy, phenoxy, naphthyloxy,phenylethoxy, phenoxyethoxy, naphthylmethoxy, naphthylethoxy,phenylcarbonylamino, phenylaminocarbonyl, trifluoromethoxy, nitrile,alkenyl, alkynyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamido, alkanoyl, alkoxycarbonyl,alkylaminocarbonyl, or amino; where said phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl,benzyloxy, phenoxy, naphthyloxy, phenylethoxy, phenoxyethoxy,naphthylmethoxy, naphthylethoxy, phenylcarbonylamino, andphenylaminocarbonyl are optionally substituted with one or more R²; R²is R¹, H, OH, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, trifluoromethyl, alkanoyloxy,methylenedioxy, trifluoromethoxy, nitrile, nitro, alkenyl, alkynyl,sulfonyl, or sulfonamido; R⁵ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl or trifluoromethyl;R^(6 and R) ⁷ together form a ring of 4 to 8 carbon atoms; R⁸ is H,(C₁-C⁶)alkyl, hydroxy(C₁-C⁶)alkyl, benzyl (optionally substituted withbenzyloxy or phenyloxy), naphthylmethyl (optionally substituted with oneor more R¹), phenyl(C₂-C₆)alkyl (optionally substituted with one or moreR¹), heteroarylmethyl (optionally substituted with R¹), cycloalkyl,cycloalkenyl, cycloalkylmethyl (where any carbon atom can be optionallyreplaced with N, S, or O and where said cycloalkylmethyl can beoptionally substituted with OH, CF₃, halo, alkoxy, alkyl, benzyloxy, oralkanoyloxy), cycloalkenylmethyl (where any carbon atom can beoptionally replaced with N, S, or O and where said cycloalkenylmethylcan be optionally substituted with OH, CF₃, halo, alkoxy, alkyl,benzyloxy, or alkanoyloxy); or R⁵ and R⁸, together with the nitrogenatom to which R⁸ is attached, form a ring optionally substituted withR⁵; R⁹ is H; t is 1, or 2; and x is
 1. 12. A compound according to claim1, wherein: W is OR⁹; R¹ is phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzyloxy,phenoxy, naphthyloxy, phenylethoxy, phenoxyethoxy, naphthylmethoxy, ornaphthylethoxy; where said phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzyloxy,phenoxy, naphthyloxy, phenylethoxy, phenoxyethoxy, naphthylmethoxy, andnaphthylethoxy are optionally substituted with one or more R²; R² is R¹,H, OH, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, trifluoromethyl, alkanoyloxy,methylenedioxy, trifluoromethoxy, nitrile, nitro, alkenyl, alkynyl,sulfonyl, or sulfonamido; R⁵ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl or trifluoromethyl; R⁶and R⁷ together form a ring of 4 to 8 carbon atoms; R⁸ is H,(C₁-C₆)alkyl, hydroxy(C₁-C₆)alkyl, benzyl (optionally substituted withbenzyloxy or phenyloxy), naphthylmethyl (optionally substituted with oneor more R¹), phenyl(C₂-C₆)alkyl (optionally substituted with one or moreR¹), heteroarylmethyl (optionally substituted with R¹), cycloalkyl,cycloalkenyl, cycloalkylmethyl (where any carbon atom can be optionallyreplaced with N, S, or O and where said cycloalkylmethyl can beoptionally substituted with OH, CF₃, halo, alkoxy, alkyl, benzyloxy, oralkanoyloxy), cycloalkenylmethyl (where any carbon atom can beoptionally replaced with N, S, or O and where said cycloalkenylmethylcan be optionally substituted with OH, CF₃, halo, alkoxy, alkyl,benzyloxy, or alkanoyloxy); R⁹ is H, t is 1; and x is
 1. 13. A compoundof according to claim 1, wherein: W is OR⁹; R¹ is trifluoromethoxy,nitrile, alkenyl, or alkynyl; R² is R¹, H, OH, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, ortrifluoromethyl; R⁵ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl or trifluoromethyl; R⁶ and R⁷together form a ring of 4 to 8 carbon atoms; R⁸ is H, (C₁-C₆)alkyl,hydroxy(C₁-C₆)alkyl, benzyl (optionally substituted with benzyloxy orphenyloxy), naphthylmethyl (optionally substituted with one or more R¹),phenyl(C₂-C₆)alkyl (optionally substituted with one or more R¹),heteroarylmethyl (optionally substituted with R¹), cycloalkyl,cycloalkenyl, cycloalkylmethyl (where any carbon atom can be optionallyreplaced with N, S, or O and where said cycloalkylmethyl can beoptionally substituted with OH, CF₃, halo, alkoxy, alkyl, benzyloxy, oralkanoyloxy), cycloalkenylmethyl (where any carbon atom can beoptionally replaced with N, S, or O and where said cycloalkenylmethylcan be optionally substituted with OH, CF₃, halo, alkoxy, alkyl,benzyloxy, or alkanoyloxy); or R⁵ and R⁸, together with the nitrogenatom to which R⁸ is attached, form a ring optionally substituted withR⁵; R⁹ is H; t is 1; and x is
 1. 14. A compound according to claim 1,wherein: W is OR⁹; R¹ is trifluoromethoxy, nitrile, alkenyl, or alkynyl;R² is R¹, H, OH, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, or trifluoromethyl; R⁵ is(C₁-C₆)alkyl or trifluoromethyl; R⁶ and R⁷ together form a ring of 4 to8 carbon atoms; R⁸ is H or (C₁-C₆)alkyl; R⁹ is H; t is 1; and x is 1.15. A compound according to claim 1, wherein said compound is one of thefollowing:1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-ethyl}-cyclohexanol;1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclobutanol;1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclobutanol;1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-cyclobutanol;1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-ethyl}-cyclobutanol;1-{1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-cyclohexanol;1-{1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclobutanol;1-{1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclobutanol;1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-cyclohexanol;1-[1-(1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(4′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(4′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(2′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′,4′-difluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-cyclohexanol;1-[1-(1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{1-[2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[2-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-cyclobutanol;1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-cyclobutanol;1-[1-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(3-vinylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-vinylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(2′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′-cyano-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′-nitro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}-cyclohexanol;1-[1-(4′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-cyclohexanol;1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-thien-3-ylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(2′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′-cyano-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(3′-nitro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(4′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-cyclohexanol;1-[1-(4′-methyl-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclobutanol;1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}-cyclobutanol;1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-cyclobutanol;1-[1-(3′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-cyclobutanol;1-{(1S)-2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}-cyclohexanol;1-{(1R)-2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}-cyclohexanol;1-{(1S)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{(1R)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′,4′-dimethoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-cyclohexanol;-{1-[6-methoxy-3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-cyclohexanol;1-{1-[6-methoxy-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[1-(6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-6-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-[6-methoxy-3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-[6-methoxy-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-2-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}-cyclohexanol;1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;2-(benzyloxy)-5-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]benzonitrile;2-(benzyloxy)-5-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]benzonitrile;1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{2-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{2-[cis-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[1-(2′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;4′-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-1,1′-biphenyl-2-carbonitrile;1-[1-(2′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-cyclohexanol;1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-cyclobutanol;1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]ethyl}cyclobutanol;1-[1-(3′,4′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-cyclobutanol;1-[1-(3′,5′-dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-cyclobutanol;1-[1-(3-ethynylphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3-ethynylphenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(3-prop-1-ynylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(3-prop-1-ynylphenyl)-ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclobutanol;1-[1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cycohexanol1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethy]cyclohexanol;1-[2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cycohexanol;1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)ethy]cyclohexanol;1-[2-[4-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[2-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-[4-phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{(1R)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}-cyclohexanol;1-{(1S)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}-cyclohexanol;1-[(1R)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[(1S)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{(1S)-2-[4-(3-phenylbutyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{(1S)-2-[(3S)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{(1S)-2-[(3S)-3,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{(1S)-2-(3-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{(1S)-2-[(3S)-3-ethyl-4-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{(1S)-2-[(3R)-3-ethyl-4-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[(1S)-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[(1R)-1-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{2-(4-isopropylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}-cyclohexanol;1-{(1S)-2-{4-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{(1S)-2-{4-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{(1S)-2-[(3R,5S)-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{(1S)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-[(3R,5S)-3,4,5-trimethyl-piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{(1S)-2-[(3R)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{(1S)-2-[(3R)-3,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{2-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoro-methoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{2-[4-(2-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[3-(trifluoro-methoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{1-[4-(1-naphthyloxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}-cyclohexanol;1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3,5-dibromophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3,5-dibromophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;(3R)-3-methyl-1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanol;(3R)-3-methyl-1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanol;2,2-dimethyl-1-{2-piperazin-1-yl-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}-cyclopentanol;2,2-dimethyl-1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl]ethyl}cyclopentanol;1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(1-naphthyloxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;4-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]-2-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenol;4-[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-2-(trifluoro-methoxy)phenol;1-{1-[4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}-cyclohexanol;1-[1-[4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{1-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[1-[4-ethoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{1-[4-isobutoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[1-[4-isobutoxy-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{1-[4-(2-phenylethyl)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(2-phenylethyl)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[(1S)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[(1R)-1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-fluorophenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-fluorophenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-(1-{3-fluoro-4-[(4-methylbenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)-cyclohexanol;1-[1-{3-fluoro-4-[(4-methylbenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3-chloro-4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-(1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-chlorophenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol;1-[1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-chlorophenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{1-[3-chloro-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{1-[4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-(1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol;1-[1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[2-piperazin-1-yl-1-(4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-(4-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[1-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{1-[3-methoxy-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[1-[3-methoxy-4-(2-naphthylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-(1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-methoxyphenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol;1-[1-{4-[(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-methoxyphenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3-methoxy-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl]cyclohexanol;1-[1-(3-methoxy-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{1-[3-chloro-4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-[1-[3-chloro-4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-(1-{3-chloro-4-[(3-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol;1-[1-{3-chloro-4-[(3-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-(1-{3-chloro-4-[(2-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol;1-[1-{3-chloro-4-[(2-methoxybenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-{1-[4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl}cyclohexanol;1-{2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-[4-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol;1-(1-{4-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol;1-[1-{4-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-(1-{4-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)cyclohexanol;1-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]phenyl}ethyl)cyclohexanol;1-[1-{4-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]phenyl}-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;1-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[(1R)-1-phenylethoxy]phenyl}ethyl)cyclohexanol;1-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-{4-[(1S)-1-phenylethoxy]phenyl}ethyl)cyclohexanol;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 16. A compound which is1-[1-[4-(cyclohexylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanol;or1-{2-[4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl]ethyl}cyclohexanol; or a pharmaceutically acceptable saltthereof.
 17. A composition, comprising: a. at least one compoundaccording to claim 1 or 16; and b. at least one pharmaceuticallyacceptable carrier.
 18. A method for treating a condition ameliorated bymonoamine reuptake in a subject in need thereof, comprising the step of:administering to said subject an effective amount of a compoundaccording to claim 1 or 16, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.19. A method according to claim 18, wherein said condition amelioratedby monoamine reuptake is selected from the group consisting of vasomotorsymptoms, sexual dysfunction, gastrointestinal and genitourinarydisorders, chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromylagia syndrome, nervoussystem disorders, and combinations thereof.
 20. A method according toclaim 18, wherein said condition ameliorated by monoamine reuptake isselected from the group consisting of major depressive disorder,vasomotor symptoms, stress and urge urinary incontinence, fibromyalgia,pain, diabetic neuropathy, and combinations thereof.
 21. A method fortreating at least one vasomotor symptom in a subject in need thereof,comprising the step of: administering to said subject an effectiveamount of a compound according to claim 1 or 16, or pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof.
 22. A method according to claim 21, whereinsaid vasomotor symptom is hot flush.
 23. A method according to claim 21,wherein said subject is human.
 24. A method according to claim 23,wherein said human is a female.
 25. A method according to claim 24,wherein said female is pre-menopausal.
 26. A method according to claim24, wherein said female is peri-menopausal.
 27. A method according toclaim 24, wherein said female is post-menopausal.
 28. A method accordingto claim 23, wherein said human is a male.
 29. A method according toclaim 28, wherein said male is naturally, chemically or surgicallyandropausal.
 30. A method for treating at least one depression disorderin a subject in need thereof, comprising the step of administering tosaid subject an effective amount of a compound according to claim 1 or16 or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 31. A method accordingto claim 30, wherein said depression disorder is major depressivedisorder, anxiety, sleep disturbance, or social phobia.
 32. A method fortreating at least one sexual dysfunction in a subject in need thereof,comprising the step of administering to said subject an effective amountof a compound according to claim 1 or 16 or pharmaceutically acceptablesalt thereof.
 33. A method according to claim 32, wherein said sexualdysfunction is desire-related or arousal-related.
 34. A method fortreating pain in a subject in need thereof, comprising the step ofadministering to said subject an effective amount of a compoundaccording to claim 1 or 16 or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.35. A method for treating gastrointestinal or genitourinary disorder ina subject in need thereof, comprising the step of administering to saidsubject an effective amount of a compound according to claim 1 or 16 orpharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 36. A method according toclaim 35, wherein said disorder is stress incontinence or urge urinaryincontinence.
 37. A method for treating chronic fatigue syndrome in asubject in need thereof, comprising the step of administering to saidsubject an effective amount of a compound according to claim 1 or 16 orpharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 38. A method for treatingfibromylagia syndrome in a subject in need thereof, comprising the stepof administering to said subject an effective amount of a compoundaccording to claim 1 or 16 or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.